Melatonin increases bone mass in normal, perimenopausal, and postmenopausal osteoporotic rats via the promotion of osteogenesis.

Background: Osteoporosis is a disease threatening the health of millions of individuals. Melatonin is found to be a potential anti-osteoporosis drug. However, whether melatonin plays a role against osteoporosis at different stages of the menopause and the underlying mechanisms are unknown.

Captopril alleviates glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head by mediating the ACE2/ Ang-(1-7)/Mas receptor cascade.

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is locally expressed in skeletal tissue and is known to affect bone health. This study investigated the therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) captopril (CAP) in a rat model of glucocorticoid-induced femoral head necrosis (GIONFH). Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (mBMSC) from mice treated with dexamethasone (DEX) in vitro and methylprednisolone (MPS)-induced rats in vivo were used to explore the effects and mechanisms of CAP, respectively.

An injectable self-adaptive polymer as a drug carrier for the treatment of nontraumatic early-stage osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Core decompression (CD) with the elimination of osteonecrotic bone is the most common strategy for treating early-stage nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Adjuvant treatments are widely used in combination with CD as suitable methods of therapy. Existing augmentations have to be fabricated in advance.

Pirfenidone attenuates synovial fibrosis and postpones the progression of osteoarthritis by anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory properties in vivo and in vitro.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease of the entire joint involving synovial fibrosis and inflammation. Pathological changes to the synovium can accelerate the progression of OA. Pirfenidone (PFD) is a potent anti-fibrotic drug with additional anti-inflammatory properties.

Circular RNA and Messenger RNA Expression Profile and Competing Endogenous RNA Network in Subchondral Bone in Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head.

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a common and destructive orthopedic disease, of which the pathogenesis mechanism remains elusive. Limited studies have been conducted to investigate the role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in subchondral bone in ONFH. This study aimed to profile differential expression of circRNAs and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in subchondral bone obtained from ONFH patients by next-generation sequencing, and explore the potential regulatory relationship of these molecules in ONFH by bioinformatics analysis.