In Situ Thermal Decomposition of Potassium Borohydride for Borophene Synthesis and Its Application in a High-Performance Non-Volatile Memory Device.

Borophene, a revolutionary two-dimensional (2D) material with exceptional electrical, physical, and chemical properties, holds great promise for high-performance, highly integrated information storage systems. However, its metallic nature and structural instability have significantly limited its practical applications. To address these challenges, hydrogenated borophene has emerged as an ideal alternative, offering enhanced stability and semiconducting properties.

Analysis and identification of mitochondria-related genes associated with age-related hearing loss.

Background: To explore the mitochondrial genes that play a key role in the occurrence and development of age-related hearing loss (ARHL) and provide a basis for the study of the mechanism of ARHL.

Results: 503 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in the GSE49543 dataset. 233 genes were up-regulated, and 270 genes were down-regulated.

Boosting Alcohol Oxidation Electrocatalysis with Multifactorial Engineered Pd/Pt Single-Atom Alloy-BiO Adatoms Surface.

Engineering nanomaterials at single-atomic sites could enable unprecedented catalytic properties for broad applications, yet it remains challenging to do so on the surface of multimetallic nanocrystals. Herein, we present the multifactorial engineering (size, shape, phase, and composition) of the fully ordered PtBi nanoplates at atomic level, achieving a unique catalyst surface where the face-centered cubic (fcc) Pt edges are modified by the isolated Pd atoms and BiO adatoms. This Pd/Pt-BiO electrocatalyst exhibits an ultrahigh mass activity of 16.

Air pollution and prostate cancer: Unraveling the connection through network toxicology and machine learning.

Background: In recent years, air pollution has been demonstrated to be associated with the occurrence of various diseases. This study aims to explore the potential association between air pollutants and prostate cancer (PCa) and to identify key genes that may play a critical bridging role in this process.

Methods: This study utilized multiple online databases to obtain relevant target genes associated with air pollutants and PCa.

Deviatoric stress-induced transition of self-trapped exciton emissions.

Self-trapped exciton (STE) emissions, featured by broad spectral band and minimal self-absorption, have garnered considerable attention for advanced lighting and imaging applications. However, developing strategies to facilitate multiple STE states, modulate the emission energy and extend the emission range remains a great challenge. Here, we introduce deviatoric stress to induce another intrinsic STE state (STE-2) and enable transitions between the intrinsic STE state (STE-1) and STE-2 in pyramidal ZnO nanocrystals.

Fecal microbiota transplantation attenuates Alzheimer's disease symptoms in APP/PS1 transgenic mice via inhibition of the TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB signaling pathway-mediated inflammation.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent and progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is the leading cause of dementia. The underlying mechanisms of AD have not yet been completely explored. Neuroinflammation, an inflammatory response mediated by certain mediators, has been exhibited to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of AD.

Causal relationship between serum uric acid levels and male infertility: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Uric acid is the final metabolic product of purines in the human body and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Nevertheless, the relationship between serum uric acid levels and male infertility remains inconclusive. This Mendelian randomization (MR) study aims to elucidate the potential impact of serum uric acid levels on the risk of male infertility.

Edge-Induced Synergy of Ni-Ni Defects in NiFe Layered-Double-Hydroxide for Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation Reaction.

Defect engineering is widely regarded as a promising strategy to enhance the performance of electrocatalysts for water splitting. In this work, defective NiFe layered double hydroxide (NiFe LDH) with a high density of edge sites (edge-rich NiFe LDH) is synthesized via a simple reduction process during the early stages of nucleation. The introduction of edges into oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts modulates the electronic structure of the active sites.

XDock: A General Docking Method for Modeling Protein-Ligand and Nucleic Acid-Ligand Interactions.

Molecular docking is an essential computational tool in structure-based drug discovery and the investigation of the molecular mechanisms underlying biological processes. Despite the development of many molecular docking programs for various systems, a universal tool that can accurately dock ligands across multiple system types remains elusive. Meeting the need, we developed XDock, a versatile docking framework built for both protein-ligand and nucleic acid-ligand interactions.

Controllable Microwave Heating for Energy-Efficient and Universal Synthesis of Atomically Dispersed Metals on Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanofibers.

Carbon-supported single-atom catalysts (SACs) have shown great potential in electrocatalysis, whereas traditional synthesis methods typically involve energy-intensive carbonization processes and unfavorable atomic migration and aggregation. Herein, an energy-efficient and universal strategy is developed to rapidly fabricate various SACs on nitrogen-doped hierarchically porous carbon nanofibers (M-TM/NPCNFs, TM = Fe, Co, Ni, FeCo, and FeNi) by electrospinning and controllable microwave heating technique. Such microwave heating technique enables an ultrafast heating rate (ramping to 900 °C in 5 min) to greatly suppress the random migration and aggregation of metal species.

Visible Light/Copper Catalysis-Enabled Arylation and Alkenylation of Phosphorothioates via Site-Selective C-H Thianthrenation.

An efficient visible light/copper-enabled arylation and alkenylation of phosphorothioates with thianthrenium salts via a C(sp)-S cross-coupling reaction have been demonstrated. This strategy uses aryl/alkenyl thianthrenium salts as new electrophilic reagents, which can be easily prepared by the site-selective C-H thianthrenation of arenes/alkenes with high regioselectivity. Mechanistic studies revealed a crucial role of the in situ formed copper-sulfur complex, which undergoes a facile SET process with the thianthrenium salts under visible light conditions, thereby successfully achieving the desired cross-coupling reactivity.

Arylcyanation of Styrenes by Photoactive Electron Donor-Acceptor Complexes/Copper Catalysis.

A novel electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complex/copper catalysis model has been proposed for the construction of 2,3-diarylpropionitriles under visible light conditions. The developed protocol proceeds via intermolecular charge transfer between the photoactive EDA complex of dibutamine (DBA), aryl thianthrenium salts, and trimethylsilyl cyanide (TMSCN), followed by a copper catalytic cycle. UV-vis absorption measurements confirm the participation of EDA complexes as reactive intermediates.

Conditional Dynamics in Heterodyne Detection of Superradiant Lasing with Incoherently Pumped Atoms.

In this Letter, we use quantum trajectory theory to simulate heterodyne detection of narrow bandwidth superradiant lasing from an incoherently excited atomic ensemble. To this end, we describe the system dynamics and account for stochastic measurement backaction by second-order mean-field theory. Our simulations show how heterodyne measurements break the phase symmetry, and initiate the atomic coherence with a random phase and a long temporal phase coherence.

Optimal Electrocatalyst Design Strategies for Acidic Oxygen Evolution.

Hydrogen, a clean resource with high energy density, is one of the most promising alternatives to fossil. Proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers are beneficial for hydrogen production because of their high current density, facile operation, and high gas purity. However, the large-scale application of electrochemical water splitting to acidic electrolytes is severely limited by the sluggish kinetics of the anodic reaction and the inadequate development of corrosion- and highly oxidation-resistant anode catalysts.

Assessment of Right Ventricular-Arterial Coupling by Echocardiography in Patients with Right Ventricular Pressure and Volume Overload.

Background: Right ventricle-pulmonary arterial (RV-PA) coupling is considered the gold standard for assessing right ventricular (RV) function and can be evaluated noninvasively by echocardiography. The ratios of tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion/pulmonary artery systolic pressure (TAPSE/PASP), RV global longitudinal strain (G-RVLS)/PASP, and stroke volume/end-systolic volume (SV/ESV) have been proposed as surrogates of RV-PA coupling. The relationship of these parameters remains incompletely understood in patients with volume and pressure loading conditions.

Substantial Energy Band Modulation of Semiconducting Hexagonal GaTe Quantum Wells by Layer Thickness and Mirror Twin Boundaries.

Exploring emerging two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) semiconducting materials and precisely tuning their electronic properties at the atomic level have long been recognized as crucial issues for developing their high-end electronic and optoelectronic applications. As a III-VI semiconductor, ultrathin layered hexagonal GaTe (-GaTe) remains unexplored in terms of its intrinsic electronic properties and band engineering strategies. Herein, we report the successful synthesis of ultrathin -GaTe layers on a selected graphene/SiC(0001) substrate, via molecular beam epitaxy (MBE).

Research trends and hotspot analysis of age-related hearing loss: A bibliometric analysis from 2019 to 2023.

Background: Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) - also termed presbycusis - is prevalent among older adults, leading to a range of issues. Although considerable progress in the understanding of ARHL over the decades, available reports lack data from recent years and do not comprehensively reflect the latest advancements and trends. Therefore, our study sought to assess research hotspots and trends in ARHL over the past 5 years to provide the basis for future research.

Atomically Thin Kagome-Structured CoTe Achieved through Self-Intercalation and Its Flat Band Visualization.

Kagome materials have recently garnered substantial attention due to the intrinsic flat band feature and the stimulated magnetic and spin-related many-body physics. In contrast to their bulk counterparts, two-dimensional (2D) kagome materials feature more distinct kagome bands, beneficial for exploring novel quantum phenomena. Herein, we report the direct synthesis of an ultrathin kagome-structured Co-telluride (CoTe) via a molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) route and clarify its formation mechanism from the Co-intercalation in the 1T-CoTe layers.

PRG4 represses the genesis and metastasis of osteosarcoma by inhibiting PDL1 expression.

Background: Osteosarcoma is originated from skeletal system. Recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) can inhibit cell proliferation and migration in multiple cancers. This research is designed to dig out the role and mechanism of PRG4 in osteosarcoma.

Large-Substrate-Terrace Confined Growth of Arrayed Ultrathin PtSe Ribbons on Step-Bunched Vicinal Au(001) Facets Toward Electrocatalytic Applications.

Ultrathin PtSe ribbons can host spin-polarized edge states and distinct edge electrocatalytic activity, emerging as a promising candidate for versatile applications in various fields. However, the direct synthesis is still challenging and the growth mechanism is still unclear. Herein, the arrayed growth of ultrathin PtSe ribbons on bunched vicinal Au(001) facets, via a facile chemical vapor deposition (CVD) route is reported.

-induced imbalance in microbiome-derived butyric acid levels promotes the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks among the most prevalent malignant tumors globally. Recent reports suggest that () contributes to the initiation, progression, and prognosis of CRC. Butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid derived from the bacterial fermentation of soluble dietary fiber, is known to inhibit various cancers.

Electron Accumulation Induced by Electron Injection-Incomplete Discharge on NiFe LDH for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

Optimizing the local electronic structure of electrocatalysts can effectively lower the energy barrier of electrochemical reactions, thus enhancing the electrocatalytic activity. However, the intrinsic contribution of the electronic effect is still experimentally unclear. In this work, the electron injection-incomplete discharge approach to achieve the electron accumulation (EA) degree on the nickel-iron layered double hydroxide (NiFe LDH) is proposed, to reveal the intrinsic contribution of EA toward oxygen evolution reaction (OER).

Strengthening the Synergy between Oxygen Vacancies in Electrocatalysts for Efficient Glycerol Electrooxidation.

Defect-engineered bimetallic oxides exhibit high potential for the electrolysis of small organic molecules. However, the ambiguity in the relationship between the defect density and electrocatalytic performance makes it challenging to control the final products of multi-step multi-electron reactions in such electrocatalytic systems. In this study, controllable kinetics reduction is used to maximize the oxygen vacancy density of a Cu─Co oxide nanosheet (CuCoO NS), which is used to catalyze the glycerol electrooxidation reaction (GOR).