Prospective observational study on the prognosis of ureteral lesions caused by impacted stones via dual-energy spectral computed tomography.

Objective: Ureteral lesions caused by impacted ureteral stones are likely to result in postoperative ureteral stricture. On this basis, the study aimed to investigate if dual-energy spectral computed tomography can predict ureteral hardening caused by impacted stones and to explore the relationship between different types of ureteral lesions and the risk of ureteral stricture.

Methods: This prospective study collected data of 93 patients with impacted stones from hospital automation system during January 2018 to October 2019.

New model of PIRADS and adjusted prostatespecific antigen density of peripheral zone improves the detection rate of initial prostate biopsy: a diagnostic study.

This study explored a new model of Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PIRADS) and adjusted prostate-specific antigen density of peripheral zone (aPSADPZ) for predicting the occurrence of prostate cancer (PCa) and clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). The demographic and clinical characteristics of 853 patients were recorded. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), PSA density (PSAD), PSAD of peripheral zone (PSADPZ), aPSADPZ, and peripheral zone volume ratio (PZ-ratio) were calculated and subjected to receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.

Comparison of MRI/US Fusion Targeted Biopsy and Systematic Biopsy in Biopsy-Naïve Prostate Patients with Elevated Prostate-Specific Antigen: A Diagnostic Study.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the detection rate of prostate cancer (PCa) between targeted biopsy and systematic biopsy.

Patients And Methods: A total of 671 patients who underwent both targeted biopsy and systematic biopsy were included in this study. The stratified analysis was conducted based on Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PIRADS) scores, region of interest load (ROI-load).

Resection of adult polycystic kidney with retroperitoneal laparoscopic technique assisted by arterial embolization.

Background: Traditional surgical methods have high complication rate and large injury in the resection of adult polycystic kidney. We investigated the effect of retroperitoneal laparoscopic resection of adult polycystic kidney assisted by arterial embolization.

Methods: The data of adult polycystic kidney patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery assisted by arterial embolization from November 2015 to November 2018 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed, and the data of patients who underwent open surgery during the same period were collected.

High Concentration of Calcium Stimulates Calcium Oxalate Crystal Attachment to Rat Tubular Epithelial NRK Cells Through Osteopontin.

Objective: To address whether hypercalciuria can stimulate calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal deposition in kidney through osteopontin (OPN).

Materials And Methods: Rat tubular epithelial NRK cells were exposed to calcium. The cell viability, the cellular malondialdehyde content as a marker of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the release of lactate dehydrogenase as markers of injury were detected.

The Wnt11 Signaling Pathway in Potential Cellular EMT and Osteochondral Differentiation Progression in Nephrolithiasis Formation.

The molecular events leading to nephrolithiasis are extremely complex. Previous studies demonstrated that calcium and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) may participate in the pathogenesis of stone formation, but the explicit mechanism has not been defined. Using a self-created genetic hypercalciuric stone-forming (GHS) rat model, we observed that the increased level of serous/uric TGF-β1 and elevated intracellular calcium in primary renal tubular epithelial cells (PRECs) was associated with nephrolithiasis progression in vivo.

Effect of silencing VDR gene in kidney on renal epithelial calcium transporter proteins and urinary calcium excretion in genetic hypercalciuric stone-forming rats.

Objective: To address the molecular mechanisms that the vitamin D receptor (VDR) in the kidney might contribute to decreased renal calcium reabsorption in idiopathic hypercalciuria using genetic hypercalciuric stone-forming (GHS) rats.

Methods: We silenced the VDR gene in the GHS and normal control (NC) rat kidney in vivo using adenovirus vector-delivered microRNA targeting VDR through renal venous transduction. On days 3-21 after injection with adenovirus, the expression levels of the VDR, calcium-sensing receptor, and epithelial calcium transporters in the kidney were detected.

Subcapsular renal haematoma after holmium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser ureterolithotripsy.

Objective: To report the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of subcapsular renal haematoma (SRH) after ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URSL) using holmium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Ho:YAG) laser to treat ureteric stones.

Patients And Methods: Prospective data from 2848 URSLs performed between January 2003 and September 2010 were retrospectively analysed. In all 11 patients were identified as having a SRH after URSL if they had persistent severe ipsilateral flank pain or a palpable mass within a day of surgery, or presented with radiographic evidence of a SRH.

Logistic regression model for predicting stone-free rate after minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Objectives: To investigate the prognostic factors associated with the treatment efficacy of minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL) and develop a preoperative logistic regression model for predicting the stone-free rate after the initial procedure.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the records of 865 patients who had undergone MPCNL in our department from January 2006 to September 2009. Patient age, sex, body mass index, degree of hydronephrosis, and stone side, number, size, and location were the investigated variables.

Adenovirus-delivered microRNA targeting the vitamin D receptor reduces intracellular Ca²⁺ concentrations by regulating the expression of Ca²⁺-transport proteins in renal epithelial cells.

Unlabelled: What’s known on the subject? and What does the study add? Experimental data have shown that VDR overexpression in the duodenum and kidney cortex is a biological characteristic of genetic hypercalciuric stone-forming rats (GHS rat), and a link between idiopathic calcium stone formation and the microstatellite marker D12S339 (near the VDR locus) has been proven in humans. Our study shows that VDR can positively regulate the mRNA and protein expression of TRPV5, calbindin-D28k and PMCA1b in NRK cell lines. VDR knockdown results in a decrease in intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration in NRK cell lines.

Pure retroperitoneoscopic surgery versus minimal incision-assisted retroperitoneoscopic surgery for upper urinary tract diseases.

Objectives: We developed minimal incision-assisted retroperitoneoscopic surgery (MARP) in an attempt to pursue optimized patient-related benefits. We evaluated the clinical value of MARP for upper urinary tract diseases compared with pure retroperitoneoscopic surgery (PRPS).

Patients And Methods: Between January 2003 and September 2008, PRPS and MARP were carried out in 338 and 85 patients, respectively.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy for proximal ureteral calculi with severe hydronephrosis: assessment of different lithotriptors.

Purpose: We compared the efficacy and safety of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) with different intracorporeal lithotriptors for proximal ureteral stones in patients with severe hydronephrosis.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the records of 192 patients with proximal ureteral calculi and severe hydronephrosis who underwent PCNL between February 2003 and December 2007. Calculi were fragmented with a pneumatic lithotriptor in 44 patients (group 1), Swiss Lithoclast Master in 54 (group 2), low-power holmium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (YAG) laser in 56 (group 3) and high-power holmium:YAG laser in 38 (group 4).

Characterization of circulating CD4+CD25high regulatory T cells in men with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome.

Objectives: To identify the characteristics of circulating CD4(+)CD25(high) regulatory T cells in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS). We sought to discover the possible mechanism underlying induction of CP/CPPS by autoimmune factors.

Methods: A total of 69 men with CP/CPPS and 25 age-matched, asymptomatic controls underwent quantification of peripheral blood CD4(+)CD25(high) regulatory T cells, using flow cytometry, followed by measurement of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGFbeta1) in serum, and forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) mRNA level in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, respectively.

Combined removal of stones with resection of concurrent pathologic ureter may be a preferred treatment for impacted ureteral stones with stricture lesions.

Purpose: We investigated ureteral lesions associated with impacted stones and compared the long-term outcomes after ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URSL) with a holmium laser with open ureterolithotomy, resection of concurrent pathologic ureter, and ureteroureterostomy (OUU) for patients with impacted ureteral stone.

Patients And Methods: Between January 2004 and December 2007, 86 patients with impacted ureteral stones were treated with URSL (61) or OUU (25) because of tortuous ureter or failed access to stones. The stone size, location, impaction, ureteral lesions, and long-term outcomes were recorded.

[The role of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in the pathogenesis of chronic abacterial prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome].

Objective: To explore the role of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in the pathogenesis of chronic abacterial prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CAP/CPPS).

Methods: Peripheral blood samples were collected from 45 CAP/CPPS patients and 18 healthy age-matched male persons. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated.

[Expression of calbindin-D28k in genetic hypercalciuric stone-forming rats kidney and its role in pathogenesis of idiopathic hypercalciuria].

Objective: To study the expression level of calbindin-D28k, a kind of calcium binding protein, in the kidneys of genetic hypercalciuric stone-forming (GHS) rats and to investigate its role in idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH).

Methods: Kidneys were taken out from 16 GHS rats and 6 normal control (NC) rats. Western blotting and real time quantitative PCR were used to detect the protein and mRNA expression levels of calbindin-D28k respectively.

The expression and implication of TRPV5, Calbindin-D28k and NCX1 in idiopathic hypercalciuria.

The expression of calcium epithelium TRPV5, alcium binding protein Calbindin-D28k and Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger NCX1 was detected in renal distal convoluted tubule, and their effects on urine calcium reabsorption and the possible pathogenic mechanism in idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH) were investigated. Genetic hypercalciuric stone-forming (GHS) rats were chosen as animal models to study urine calcium reabsorption and IH. The cognate female and male rats that had maximal urine calcium were matched to breed next generation.