Ammonium Sulfate to Modulate Crystallization for High-Performance Rigid and Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells.

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are attracting widespread research and attention as highly promising candidates in the field of electronic photovoltaics owing to their exceptional power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, rigid or flexible PSCs still face challenges in preparing full-coverage and low-defect perovskite films, as well as achieving highly reproducible and highly stable devices. Herein, a multifunctional additive 2-aminoethyl hydrogen sulfate (AES) is designed to regulate the film crystallization and thereby form flat and pinhole-free perovskite films.

High-Fill-Factor Perovskite Solar Cells via Pseudohalide Salt Modification of the Substrate to Mitigate Nonradiative Recombination at the Interface.

The utilization of the sol-gel method for fabricating planar SnO as the electron transport layer (ETL) induces numerous defects on the SnO layer surface and perovskite film bottom, causing considerable deterioration of the device performance. Conventional inorganic salt-doped SnO precursor solutions used for passivation may cause incomplete substrate coverage due to the presence of inorganic salt crystals, further degrading the device performance. Here, a substrate modification approach involving the pretreatment of a fluorine-doped SnO (FTO) substrate with NHPF is proposed.

Highly Stable Perovskite Solar Cells Based on the Efficient Interaction between Pb and Cyano Groups of 4-Aminophthalonitrile.

Defects present on the top surface of perovskite films have a pronounced detrimental impact on the photovoltaic performance and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Consequently, the development of effective defect passivation strategies has become key in enhancing both the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability of PSCs. In this study, a small molecule material, 4-Aminophthalonitrile (4-APN), was introduced as a means to mitigate surface defects within perovskite films.

Enhancing the Efficiency of Perovskite Solar Cells by Bidirectional Modification of the Perovskite and Electron Transport Layer.

In perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the numerous defects present on the surface of the SnO electron transport layer (ETL) and the bottom of the perovskite film limit their power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability. In view of this, a bidirectional modification strategy is designed using formamidine acetate (FAAc) to passivate the defects on the SnO ETL surface and bottom of the perovskite simultaneously. FA cations act on the harmful hydroxyl groups on the SnO ETL surface, whereas Ac anions act on the iodine vacancy defect at the bottom of the perovskite.