Highly efficient ultraviolet materials and host materials for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have been gaining increasing attention in recent years. In this study, three donor-acceptor (D-A) molecules with different HLCT properties were designed and synthesized using oxadiazole as an electron acceptor. Not only does the molecule -PIOXZ exhibit efficient ultraviolet electroluminescence, but it can also serve as the host material for high-efficiency phosphorescent OLEDs (PhOLEDs) with low roll-off.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF-(-Cyanophenyl)carbazole can be dimerized at different positions, which may change excited state behaviors. Herein, 2,3'-dicyano-3,4'-di(carbazol-9-yl)biphenyl (D34C) is designed and synthesized and doped into polymers. However, we find that D34C does not exhibit room temperature phosphorescence but emits fluorescence (FL) and bright thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) with lifetimes of hundreds of milliseconds, which is observed in diverse matrices such as PMMA, MBS, ABS, PS, HIPS, and SIS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe internal rotation of triplet-generating molecules is detrimental to room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) radiation, and this rotation is usually mitigated by doping into rigid microenvironments. The chemical locking of internal rotation units in advance should be an effective strategy but is rarely studied in comparison. Herein, a triplet-generating molecule with two rotatable phenyls (DIA) was designed, synthesized, and then cyclized using two types of bonding bridges.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Increasing evidence has shown that the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGB) is involved in the mechanism of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the relationship between the gut microbiome and brain function in MDD patients has not been determined. Here, we intend to identify specific changes in the gut microbiome and brain function in first-episode, drug-naïve MDD patients and then explore the associations between the two omics to elucidate how the MGB axis plays a role in MDD development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEfficient electron-transporting materials (ETMs) are critical to achieving excellent performance of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), yet developing such materials remains a major long-term challenge, particularly ETMs with high electron mobilities (s). Herein, we report a short conjugated ETM molecule (PICN) with a dipolar phenanthroimidazole group, which exhibits an electron mobility of up to 1.52 × 10 cm (V s).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrganic deep-red (DR) and near-infrared (NIR) emitters with high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) are rare due to the strong non-radiative () decay. Here, we report two DR/NIR emitters with high PLQY, TPANZPyPI and TPANZ3PI. Interestingly, the TPANZPyPI film exhibits 46.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNearly a quarter of bipolar disorder (BD) patients were misdiagnosed as major depressive disorder (MDD) patients, which cannot be corrected until mania/hypomania develops. It is important to recognize these obstacles so that the appropriate treatment can be initiated. Thus, we sought to distinguish patients with BD from MDD, especially to identify misdiagnosed BD before mania/hypomania, and further explore potential trait features that allow accurate differential diagnosis independent of state matters.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Bipolar disorder (BD) is difficult to discriminate from major depressive disorder (MDD) before the appearance of mania or hypomania. This study was designed to identify whether patients with MDD and those who converted to BD are distinguishable using dynamic amplitude low-frequency fluctuations (dALFF) and describe the sex effects on the identification of the two disorders.
Methods: We compared the dALFF values of 35 BD patients who converted from MDD during the 2-year follow-up, 99 MDD patients, and 130 healthy controls (HCs) using two-way ANOVA.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most disabling illnesses that profoundly restricts psychosocial functions and impairs quality of life. However, the treatment rate of MDD is surprisingly low because the availability and acceptability of appropriate treatments are limited. Therefore, identifying whether and how treatment delay affects the brain and the initial time point of the alterations is imperative, but these changes have not been thoroughly explored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrganic-doped polymers and room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) mechanisms have been widely reported. However, RTP lifetimes >3 s are rare and RTP-enhancing strategies are incompletely understood. Herein, we demonstrate a rational molecular doping strategy to obtain ultralong-lived, yet bright RTP polymers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTuning the metal-support interaction of supported metal catalysts has been found to be the most effective approach to modulating electronic structure and improving catalytic performance. But practical understanding of the charge transfer mechanism at the electronic level of catalysis process has remained elusive. Here, it is reported that ruthenium (Ru) nanoparticles can self-accommodate into Fe O and carbon support (Ru-Fe O /C) through the electronic metal-support interaction, resulting in robust catalytic activity toward the alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe mental disorder characterized by reduced gray matter volume (GMV). To date, the pathogenesis of MDD remains unclear, but neurotrophic factors play an essential role in the pathophysiological alterations of MDD during disease development. In particular, plasma glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) has been suggested as a potential biomarker that may be associated with disease activity and neurological progression in MDD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Bipolar disorder is a chronic and highly recurrent mental disorder that can be classified as bipolar type I (BD I) and bipolar type II (BD II). BD II is sometimes taken as a milder form of BD I or even doubted as an independent subtype. However, the fact that symptoms and severity differ in patients with BD I and BD II suggests different pathophysiologies and underlying neurobiological mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: It is challenging to differentiate major depressive disorder (MDD) from bipolar disorder (BD) in depression and remission. To exclude the potential influence of depressive episodes, we compared the white matter (WM) network between MDD and BD patients in remission to find disease-specific alterations in MDD and BD, and then distinguish these two affective disorders.
Methods: We recruited 33 patients with remitted MDD (rMDD), 54 patients with remitted BD (rBD), and 60 healthy controls (HCs).
Background: Nowadays, increasing evidence has found transdiagnostic neuroimaging biomarkers across major psychiatric disorders (MPDs). However, it remains to be known whether this transdiagnostic pattern of abnormalities could also be seen in individuals at familial high-risk for MPDs (FHR). We aimed to examine shared neuroanatomical endophenotypes and protective biomarkers for MPDs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Schizophrenia is considered a polygenic disorder. People with schizophrenia and those with genetic high risk of schizophrenia (GHR) have presented with similar neurodevelopmental deficits in hemispheric asymmetry. The potential associations between neurodevelopmental abnormalities and schizophrenia-related risk genes in both schizophrenia and those with GHR remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRoom temperature phosphorescent (RTP) polymers have advantages of strength, toughness, and processing and application flexibility over organic small molecular crystals, but the current RTP polymers are all from rigid plastics and involve chemical linkage and hydrogen and ionic bonds, and thermoplastic RTP elastomer has not been attempted and realized. Moreover, solution-processed films by simply mixing polymers and organic RTP materials can only show weak and single blue RTP. Here it is presented that such elastomer films, once thermomechanically plasticized, can emit bright and long-lived dual RTP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrace guest doping systems often show better room temperature phosphorescence (RTP), but trace guest doping role and mechanism are not recognized well. Here we cocrystallize commercial (CCZ) and self-made (LCZ) carbazole derivatives and verify that 0.2‰ isomer doping can afford the deserved crystal RTP, but further increasing the isomer amount hardly improves RTP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCortical-limbic system neural circuit abnormalities are closely related to the onset of schizophrenia (SZ). The amygdala, hippocampus, cingulate, and prefrontal lobe are important components of the loop. In this study, we compared resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) between the amygdala/hippocampus and cingulate/prefrontal regions among patients with first-episode schizophrenia (FE-SZ), high risk populations with SZ (HR-SZ), and healthy controls (HCs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConjugated organic polymers (COPs) have been excellent candidates because the conjugated structure occupied π structure that is useful to develop light-emitting materials. However, most COPs emitt weak luminescence owing to the H-aggregation effect. Light-emitting conjugated organic polymers (LCOP-1) possess rich butyl groups anchored in the skeleton to enhance light-emitting activity via reducing the H-aggregation effect.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTremendous efforts have been made on researching triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) and thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials for realizing high-efficiency blue organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) through utilizing triplet exciton conversion to the lowest singlet excited state (S) from the lowest triplet excited state (T). However, hot exciton conversion from the upper triplet energy level state (T, > 1) to the lowest singlet excited state (S) is an increasingly promising method for realizing pure-blue non-doped OLEDs with performances comparable to those of TTA and TADF materials. Herein, two pure-blue fluorescent emitters of donor (D)-π-acceptor (A) type, PIAnCz and PIAnPO, were designed and synthesized.
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