Development of an inducible DNA barcoding system to understand lineage changes in Arabidopsis regeneration.

Plants demonstrate a high degree of developmental plasticity, capable of regenerating entire individuals from detached somatic tissues-a regenerative phenomenon rarely observed in metazoa. Consequently, elucidating the lineage relationship between somatic founder cells and descendant cells in regenerated plant organs has long been a pursuit. In this study, we developed and optimized both DNA barcode- and multi-fluorescence-based cell-lineage tracing toolsets, employing an inducible method to mark individual cells in Arabidopsis donor somatic tissues at the onset of regeneration.

The roles of epigenetic regulators in plant regeneration: Exploring patterns amidst complex conditions.

Plants possess remarkable capability to regenerate upon tissue damage or optimal environmental stimuli. This ability not only serves as a crucial strategy for immobile plants to survive through harsh environments, but also made numerous modern plant improvements techniques possible. At the cellular level, this biological process involves dynamic changes in gene expression that redirect cell fate transitions.

An inducible CRISPR activation tool for accelerating plant regeneration.

The inducible CRISPR activation (CRISPR-a) system offers unparalleled precision and versatility for regulating endogenous genes, making it highly sought after in plant research. In this study, we developed a chemically inducible CRISPR-a tool for plants called ER-Tag by combining the LexA-VP16-ER inducible system with the SunTag CRISPR-a system. We systematically compared different induction strategies and achieved high efficiency in target gene activation.

Dual-mode vortex beam transmission metasurface antenna based on linear-to-circular polarization converter.

The generation of multi-mode vortex beams at the same aperture is currently emerging as a research hotspot. In this paper, a method based on a linearly polarized-circularly polarized translational transmission metasurface (TM) is proposed to enable a dual-circularly polarized dual-mode vortex beam generation. Through the judicious implementation of an additional rotational phase and the combination of the initial transmission phase, the phases of the left-hand circularly polarized (LHCP) and right-hand circularly polarized (RHCP) waves can be manipulated arbitrarily and independently.

DDT-RELATED PROTEIN4-IMITATION SWITCH alters nucleosome distribution to relieve transcriptional silencing in Arabidopsis.

DNA methylation is a conserved epigenetic modification that is typically associated with silencing of transposable elements and promoter methylated genes. However, some DNA-methylated loci are protected from silencing, allowing transcriptional flexibility in response to environmental and developmental cues. Through a genetic screen in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), we uncovered an antagonistic relationship between the MICRORCHIDIA (MORC) protein and the IMITATION SWITCH (ISWI) complex in regulating the DNA-methylated SUPPRESSOR OF DRM1 DRM2 CMT3 (SDC) reporter.

Mesenchymal stem cells shuttling miR-503 extracellular vesicles enhance glioma immune escape.

Glioma is emerging as an aggressive type of glioma characterized by invasive growth pattern and dismal oncologic outcomes. microRNAs (miRNAs) have been attracting research attention in tumorigenesis. Herein, the aim of the current investigation was to explore the functional role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing miR-503 in glioma.

miR-31 from Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Alleviates Intervertebral Disc Degeneration by Inhibiting NFAT5 and Upregulating the Wnt/-Catenin Pathway.

In this study, we explored the regulatory mechanism of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) that involves miR-31 shuttled by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (BMSC-EVs) and its downstream signaling molecules. Nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) were isolated and treated with TNF- to simulate IDD . The TNF--exposed NPCs were then cocultured with hBMSCs or hBMSC-EVs to detect the effects of hBMSC-EVs on NPC viability, apoptosis, and ECM degradation.

Long-term results of trans-scaphoid perilunate fracture dislocations treated by open reduction and internal fixation.

Purpose: The paper holds the research purpose of confirming the long-term results of trans-scaphoid perilunate fracture dislocations (TSPFD) under the treatment of open reduction and internal fixation.

Methods: Anteroposterial-lateral radiographs of the patient's wrist were taken before and after surgery. We use a dorsal approach for all cases.

Oncologic and functional outcomes of different reconstruction modalities after resection of chondrosarcoma of the scapula: a medium- to long-term follow-up study.

Objectives: To evaluate the oncologic and functional results of scapular reconstruction after partial or total scapulectomy for chondrosarcoma.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-one patients with chondrosarcoma who underwent partial or total scapulectomy between January 2005 and July 2019 were reviewed retrospectively.

Results: At a mean follow-up of 62.

Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Carrying circ_0050205 Attenuate Intervertebral Disc Degeneration.

Objective: It has been reported that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are a potential source of autologous stem cells to support the nucleus pulposus (NP) regeneration in intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Herein, we aim to study the mechanism underlying the effects of BMSC-derived extracellular vesicles (BMSC-EVs) on nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) in IDD.

Methods: EVs were isolated from BMSCs.

circ_0072464 Shuttled by Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Secreted Extracellular Vesicles Inhibits Nucleus Pulposus Cell Ferroptosis to Relieve Intervertebral Disc Degeneration.

Ferroptosis, as an iron-dependent form of necrotic cell death, has been reported to affect activities of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs). However, its role in the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is largely unknown. Notably, our bioinformatics analysis predicted that circ_0072464 was downregulated in nucleus pulposus of IDD mice.

Dumbbell-type tenosynovial giant cell tumor of the buttocks: a report of two cases.

Background: Tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TSGCT) is a benign tumor derived from the synovium of the joints, bursa, and tendon sheaths, which is mainly located around the tendon sheath of hand and foot. Extra-articular TSGCT are relatively rare and are mainly found in the soft tissue around the large joint. They are rarer when located purely intramuscular or subcutaneous, and mostly in the lower extremities.

Bevacizumab attenuates osteosarcoma angiogenesis by suppressing MIAT encapsulated by serum-derived extracellular vesicles and facilitating miR-613-mediated GPR158 inhibition.

Targeting angiogenesis has been considered a promising treatment for a large number of malignancies, including osteosarcoma. Bevacizumab (Bev) is an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor being used for this purpose. We herein investigate the therapeutic potential of Bev in angiogenesis during osteosarcoma and the related mechanisms.

Depleted Long Noncoding RNA GAS5 Relieves Intervertebral Disc Degeneration via microRNA-17-3p/Ang-2.

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) remains a clinical challenge and requires more effective therapeutic targets. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as critical modulators of multiple biological processes, such as cell proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. Accordingly, the current study sets out to explore the influence of the lncRNA growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5) on IVDD and investigate the possible involvement of microRNA-17-3p (miR-17-3p)/Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) axis.

Risk factors for lymph node metastasis of soft tissue sarcomas of the head, neck, and extremities, and the clinical significance of negative lymph node dissection.

Background: This study sought to define the risk factors for lymph node metastasis (LNM) of soft tissue sarcomas (STS) of the head, neck, and extremities, and the clinical significance of negative lymph node dissection (NLND).

Methods: STS patient data in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 1988 to 2015 were extracted and pooled. Logistics regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for LNM, Cox proportional hazards and Fine-Grey's models were used for survival analysis, and Propensity score matching analysis (PSM) was used to assess the impact of NLND on patient prognosis.

IGF2BP2 Induces U251 Glioblastoma Cell Chemoresistance by Inhibiting FOXO1-Mediated PID1 Expression Through Stabilizing lncRNA DANCR.

Glioma is the most common type of malignant tumor of the nervous system and is characterized by high mortality and poor outcome. This study aims to investigate the mechanism underlying IGF2 mRNA-binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) and long noncoding RNA DANCR in etoposide resistance of glioblastoma (GBM) cells. Bioinformatics analysis identified the IGF2BP2-related regulators and DANCR target genes, which were subsequently evaluated by RNA pull-down and RIP assays.

The role of ATXR6 expression in modulating genome stability and transposable element repression in .

ARABIDOPSIS TRITHORAX-RELATED PROTEIN 5 (ATXR5) AND ATXR6 are required for the deposition of H3K27me1 and for maintaining genomic stability in Reduction of ATXR5/6 activity results in activation of DNA damage response genes, along with tissue-specific derepression of transposable elements (TEs), chromocenter decompaction, and genomic instability characterized by accumulation of excess DNA from heterochromatin. How loss of ATXR5/6 and H3K27me1 leads to these phenotypes remains unclear. Here we provide extensive characterization of the hypomorphic mutant by comprehensively examining gene expression and epigenetic changes in the mutant.

The characterization of Mediator 12 and 13 as conditional positive gene regulators in Arabidopsis.

Mediator 12 (MED12) and MED13 are components of the Mediator multi-protein complex, that facilitates the initial steps of gene transcription. Here, in an Arabidopsis mutant screen, we identify MED12 and MED13 as positive gene regulators, both of which contribute broadly to morc1 de-repressed gene expression. Both MED12 and MED13 are preferentially required for the expression of genes depleted in active chromatin marks, a chromatin signature shared with morc1 re-activated loci.

Genome mining and biosynthesis of a polyketide from a biofertilizer fungus that can facilitate reductive iron assimilation in plant.

Fungi have the potential to produce a large repertoire of bioactive molecules, many of which can affect the growth and development of plants. Genomic survey of sequenced biofertilizer fungi showed many secondary metabolite gene clusters are anchored by iterative polyketide synthases (IPKSs), which are multidomain enzymes noted for generating diverse small molecules. Focusing on the biofertilizer t-22, we identified and characterized a cryptic IPKS-containing cluster that synthesizes tricholignan A, a redox-active -hydroquinone.

The impact and prospect of natural product discovery in agriculture: New technologies to explore the diversity of secondary metabolites in plants and microorganisms for applications in agriculture.

Natural products from plants and microorganisms are potent bioactive molecules that have been used in medicine, agriculture and cosmetics. Genomics and synthetic biology offer new tools to further explore their diversity for applications as fungicides or herbicides. [Image: see text]

Resistance-gene-directed discovery of a natural-product herbicide with a new mode of action.

Bioactive natural products have evolved to inhibit specific cellular targets and have served as lead molecules for health and agricultural applications for the past century. The post-genomics era has brought a renaissance in the discovery of natural products using synthetic-biology tools. However, compared to traditional bioactivity-guided approaches, genome mining of natural products with specific and potent biological activities remains challenging.

Large-scale comparative epigenomics reveals hierarchical regulation of non-CG methylation in .

Genome-wide characterization by next-generation sequencing has greatly improved our understanding of the landscape of epigenetic modifications. Since 2008, whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) has become the gold standard for DNA methylation analysis, and a tremendous amount of WGBS data has been generated by the research community. However, the systematic comparison of DNA methylation profiles to identify regulatory mechanisms has yet to be fully explored.