Progress in enzyme-powered micro/nanomotors in diagnostics and therapeutics.

Enzyme-powered micro/nanomotors (EMNMs) represent cutting-edge research taking advantage of enzymes as biocatalysts to provide a driving force for micro/nanomotors. Up to now, EMNMs have been designed to be powered by catalase, urease, lipase, collagenase, compound enzymes, . They not only have good biocompatibility and biosafety but also possess the unique ability to utilize physiologically relevant fuel to achieve autonomous propulsion through catalytic reactions.

Bacterial cellulose-based scaffold modified with anti-CD29 antibody to selectively capture urine-derived stem cells for bladder repair.

Acellular cellulose-based biomaterials hold promising potential for treating bladder injuries. However, the compromised cellular state surrounding the wound impedes the complete reconstruction of the bladder. This necessitates the development of a bio-instructive cellulose-based biomaterial that actively controls cell behavior to facilitate effective bladder regeneration.

A dataset profiling the multiomic landscape of the prefrontal cortex in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common motor neuron disease, which still lacks effective disease-modifying therapies. Similar to other neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer and Parkinson disease, ALS pathology is presumed to propagate over time, originating from the motor cortex and spreading to other cortical regions. Exploring early disease stages is crucial to understand the causative molecular changes underlying the pathology.

Exosomes derived from adipose mesenchymal stem cells promote corneal injury repair and inhibit the formation of scars by anti-apoptosis.

In the corneal wound healing process, epithelial cell re-epithelialization and migration are the critical first steps following an injury. As the disease progresses, orderly regeneration of corneal stromal collagen and mild corneal stromal fibrosis are vital for corneal function reconstruction. Exosomes derived from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs-Exos) have emerged as a promising therapy due to their anti-oxidant, anti-apoptosis, and tissue repair properties.

Fucoidan-derived carbon dots as nanopenetrants of blood-brain barrier for Parkinson's disease treatment.

Parkinson's Disease (PD) stands as a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder. However, current pharmacotherapies for PD face challenges due to inadequate penetration through the blood-brain barrier (BBB), posing limitations on their therapeutic efficacy. Considering the potential of negatively charged carbon dots (CDs) in retaining functional groups from precursor molecules and vertically crossing the BBB, this study focuses on the utilization of fucoidan (FD), a promising pharmaceutical candidate with neuroprotective effects on dopamine-active neurons, for the development of negatively charged CDs through a one-step hydrothermal method, aiming to achieve efficient BBB penetration for PD treatment.

Nanocrystal hydroxyapatite carrying traditional Chinese medicine for osteogenic differentiation.

Developing biomaterials with high osteogenic properties is crucial for achieving rapid bone repair and regeneration. This study focuses on the application of nanocrystal hydroxyapatite (nHAp) as a drug carrier to load Fu Yuan Huo Xue Decoction (FYHXD), a traditional Chinese medicine derived from Angelica sinensis, aiming to achieve improved efficacy in treating bone diseases such as osteoporosis. Through a facile physical adsorption approach, the FTIR result emerges new characteristic absorption peaks in the range of 1200-950 cm, proving the successful absorption of FYHXD onto the nHAp with a loading efficiency of 39.

A mosquito proboscis-inspired cambered microneedle patch for ophthalmic regional anaesthesia.

Introduction: One of the methods for pain management involves the use of local anesthesia, which numbs sensations in specific body regions while maintaining consciousness.

Objectives: Considering the certain limitations (e.g.

Functionalized Blood Small Extracellular Vesicles with Polydopamine Nanoparticles for Chemo-Thermal Therapy.

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) hold considerable promise for drug delivery due to their natural origin and inherent qualities. However, their clinical application is impeded by two main challenges: low yield and potential side effects. Therefore, it is crucial to obtain substantial quantities of sEVs that adhere to rigorous biosafety standards to ensure successful translation into clinical practice.

Poly(Lysine)-Derived Carbon Quantum Dots Conquer Biofilm-Induced Persistent Endodontic Infections.

Introduction: Persistent endodontic infections (PEIs) mediated by bacterial biofilm mainly cause persistent periapical inflammation, resulting in recurrent periapical abscesses and progressive bone destruction. However, conventional root canal disinfectants are highly damaging to the tooth and periodontal tissue and ineffective in treating persistent root canal infections. Antimicrobial materials that are biocompatible with apical tissues and can eliminate PEIs-associated bacteria are urgently needed.

Multiomic ALS signatures highlight subclusters and sex differences suggesting the MAPK pathway as therapeutic target.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a debilitating motor neuron disease and lacks effective disease-modifying treatments. This study utilizes a comprehensive multiomic approach to investigate the early and sex-specific molecular mechanisms underlying ALS. By analyzing the prefrontal cortex of 51 patients with sporadic ALS and 50 control subjects, alongside four transgenic mouse models (C9orf72-, SOD1-, TDP-43-, and FUS-ALS), we have uncovered significant molecular alterations associated with the disease.

Sulfated Chitosan-Modified CuS Nanocluster: A Versatile Nanoformulation for Simultaneous Antibacterial and Bone Regenerative Therapy in Periodontitis.

Periodontitis, a prevalent chronic inflammatory disease worldwide, is triggered by periodontopathogenic bacteria, resulting in the progressive destruction of periodontal tissue, particularly the alveolar bone. To effectively address periodontitis, this study proposed a nanoformulation known as CuS@MSN-SCS. This formulation involves coating citrate-grafted copper sulfide (CuS) nanoparticles with mesoporous silica (MSNs), followed by surface modification using amino groups and sulfated chitosan (SCS) through electrostatic interactions.

Development and Preclinical Evaluation of a Copper-64-Labeled Antibody Targeting Glycine-Alanine Dipeptides for PET Imaging of C9orf72-Associated Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/Frontotemporal Dementia.

Aggregating poly(glycine-alanine) (poly-GA) is derived from the unconventional translation of the pathogenic intronic hexanucleotide repeat expansion in the gene, which is the most common genetic cause of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Poly-GA accumulates predominantly in neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions unique to ALS/FTD patients. Poly-GA is, therefore, a promising target for PET/CT imaging of FTD/ALS to monitor disease progression and therapeutic interventions.

Injectable bio-multifunctional hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels loaded with poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitors for ovarian cancer therapy.

The recent use of PARP inhibitors (PARPi) in the maintenance treatment of ovarian tumor has significantly improved the survival rates of cancer patients. However, the current oral administration of PARP inhibitors fails to realize optimal therapeutic effects due to the low bioavailability in cancerous tissues, and often leads to a range of systemic adverse effects including hematologic toxicities, digestive system reactions, and neurotoxicities. Therefore, the demand for an advanced drug delivery system that can ensure effective drug administration while minimizing these unfavorable reactions is pressing.

Proximity Sensing Electronic Skin: Principles, Characteristics, and Applications.

The research on proximity sensing electronic skin has garnered significant attention. This electronic skin technology enables detection without physical contact and holds vast application prospects in areas such as human-robot collaboration, human-machine interfaces, and remote monitoring. Especially in the context of the spread of infectious diseases like COVID-19, there is a pressing need for non-contact detection to ensure safe and hygienic operations.

A highly sensitive flexible capacitive pressure sensor with hierarchical pyramid micro-structured PDMS-based dielectric layer for health monitoring.

Herein, a flexible pressure sensor with high sensitivity was created using a dielectric layer featuring a hierarchical pyramid microstructure, both in simulation and fabrication. The capacitive pressure sensor comprises a hierarchically arranged dielectric layer made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with pyramid microstructures, positioned between copper electrodes at the top and bottom. The achievement of superior sensing performance is highly contingent upon the thickness of the dielectric layer, as indicated by both empirical findings and finite-element analysis.

A self-stabilized and water-responsive deliverable coenzyme-based polymer binary elastomer adhesive patch for treating oral ulcer.

Oral ulcer can be treated with diverse biomaterials loading drugs or cytokines. However, most patients do not benefit from these materials because of poor adhesion, short-time retention in oral cavity and low drug therapeutic efficacy. Here we report a self-stabilized and water-responsive deliverable coenzyme salt polymer poly(sodium α-lipoate) (PolyLA-Na)/coenzyme polymer poly(α-lipoic acid) (PolyLA) binary synergistic elastomer adhesive patch, where hydrogen bonding cross-links between PolyLA and PolyLA-Na prevents PolyLA depolymerization and slow down the dissociation of PolyLA-Na, thus allowing water-responsive sustainable delivery of bioactive LA-based small molecules and durable adhesion to oral mucosal wound due to the adhesive action of PolyLA.

Recent progress in carbon dots for anti-pathogen applications in oral cavity.

Background: Oral microbial infections are one of the most common diseases. Their progress not only results in the irreversible destruction of teeth and other oral tissues but also closely links to oral cancers and systemic diseases. However, traditional treatment against oral infections by antibiotics is not effective enough due to microbial resistance and drug blocking by oral biofilms, along with the passive dilution of the drug on the infection site in the oral environment.

Protease-Loaded CuS Nanoparticles with Synergistic Photothermal/Dynamic Therapy against -Induced Periodontitis.

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease induced by a plaque biofilm, which can lead to the destruction of the periodontal support tissue and even teeth loss. The common strategies of periodontitis treatment are to eliminate bacterial/biofilm-related inflammation and subsequently inhibit alveolar bone resorption, for which antibiotic therapy is the most traditional one. However, impenetrable polymeric substances on bacterial biofilms make it difficult for traditional antimicrobial agents to take effect.