Structure Models of Metal Melts: A Review.

Nowadays, metallic materials are subject to increasingly high performance requirements, particularly in the context of energy efficiency and environmental sustainability, etc. Researchers typically target properties such as enhanced strength, hardness, and reduced weight, as well as superior physical and chemical characteristics, including electrochemical activity and catalytic efficiency. The structure of metal melts is essential for the design and synthesis of advanced metallic materials.

Low-Cycle Fatigue Damage Mechanism and Life Prediction of High-Strength Compacted Graphite Cast Iron at Different Temperatures.

Tensile and low-cycle fatigue tests of high-strength compacted graphite cast iron (CGI, RuT450) were carried out at 25 °C, 400 °C, and 500 °C, respectively. The results show that with the increase in temperature, the tensile strength decreases slowly and then decreases rapidly. The fatigue life decreases, and the life reduction increases at high temperature and high strain amplitude.

Attenuation of photosynthesis in nanosilver-treated is inherently linked to the particulate nature of silver.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are known to affect the physiology and morphology of plants in various ways, but the exact mechanism by which they interact with plant cells remains to be elucidated. An unresolved question of silver nanotoxicology is whether the interaction is triggered by the physical features of the particles, or by silver ions leached from their surface. In this study, we germinated and grew seedlings in synthetic medium supplemented with sub-morbid concentrations (4 μg/mL) of AgNPs and silver nitrate (AgNO).

Case report of scrub typhus complicated by hypokalemia and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.

Context: Scrub typhus, caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, has a wide range of clinical manifestations, including meningoencephalitis, acute renal failure, pneumonitis, myocarditis, and septic shock. However, there are no documented cases of scrub typhus with hypokalemia. In this report, we present a case of scrub typhus with hypokalemia and multiple organ failure syndrome, highlighting the importance of electrolyte imbalance in patients with scrub typhus.

A deep-learning-based framework for identifying and localizing multiple abnormalities and assessing cardiomegaly in chest X-ray.

Accurate identification and localization of multiple abnormalities are crucial steps in the interpretation of chest X-rays (CXRs); however, the lack of a large CXR dataset with bounding boxes severely constrains accurate localization research based on deep learning. We created a large CXR dataset named CXR-AL14, containing 165,988 CXRs and 253,844 bounding boxes. On the basis of this dataset, a deep-learning-based framework was developed to identify and localize 14 common abnormalities and calculate the cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) simultaneously.

Biochar Mitigates the Negative Effects of Microplastics on Sugarcane Growth by Altering Soil Nutrients and Microbial Community Structure and Function.

Microplastic pollution in sugarcane areas of China is severe, and reducing the ecological risks is critical. Biochar has been widely used in soil remediation. This study aims to explore the effects and mechanisms of microplastics combined with or without biochar on sugarcane biomass, soil biochemical properties in red soil through a potted experiment.

Heat stress suppresses MnSOD expression via p53-Sp1 interaction and induces oxidative stress damage in endothelial cells: Protective effects of MitoQ10 and Pifithrin-α.

Aim: To investigate the mechanism of p53-mediated suppression of heat stress-induced oxidative stress damage by manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) in endothelial cells (ECs).

Methods: Primary ECs isolated from mouse aortas were used to examine the effects of heat stress on vascular ECs viability and apoptosis. We measured MnSOD expression, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, p53 expression, viability, and apoptosis of heat stress-induced ECs.

Interactions between Quantum Dots and G-Actin.

Quantum dots (QDs) are a type of nanoparticle with excellent optical properties, suitable for many optical-based biomedical applications. However, the potential of quantum dots to be used in clinical settings is limited by their toxicity. As such, much effort has been invested to examine the mechanism of QDs' toxicity.

A nanoscale MOF-based heterogeneous catalytic system for the polymerization of N-carboxyanhydrides enables direct routes toward both polypeptides and related hybrid materials.

Synthetic polypeptides have emerged as versatile tools in both materials science and biomedical engineering due to their tunable properties and biodegradability. While the advancements of N-carboxyanhydride (NCA) ring-opening polymerization (ROP) techniques have aimed to expedite polymerization and reduce environment sensitivity, the broader implications of such methods remain underexplored, and the integration of ROP products with other materials remains a challenge. Here, we show an approach inspired by the success of many heterogeneous catalysts, using nanoscale metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as co-catalysts for NCA-ROP accelerated also by peptide helices in proximity.

Study on the Gas Release of 3D-Printed Furan Resin Sand Core during the Casting Process.

In sand casting, gas porosity is a common defect that can result in decreased strength, leakage, rough surfaces, or other problems. Although the forming mechanism is very complicated, gas release from sand cores is often a significant contributor to the formation of gas porosity defects. Therefore, studying the gas release behavior of sand cores is crucial to solving this problem.

Red CdSe/ZnS QDs' Intracellular Trafficking and Its Impact on Yeast Polarization and Actin Filament.

Quantum dots are nanoparticles (2-10 nm) that emit strong and tunable fluorescence. Quantum dots have been heavily used in high-demand commercialized products, research, and for medical purposes. Emerging concerns have demonstrated the negative impact of quantum dots on living cells; however, the intracellular trafficking of QDs in yeast cells and the effect of this interaction remains unclear.

Corrigendum: Investigating the effects of Liushen Capsules (LS) on the metabolome of seasonal influenza: A randomized clinical trial.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.

POLYDATIN AMELIORATES TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY-INDUCED SECONDARY BRAIN INJURY BY INHIBITING NLRP3-INDUCED NEUROINFLAMMATION ASSOCIATED WITH SOD2 ACETYLATION.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a kind of disease with high morbidity, mortality, and disability, and its pathogenesis is still unclear. Research shows that nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor containing pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) activation in neurons and astrocytes is involved in neuroinflammatory cascades after TBI. What is more, polydatin (PD) has been shown to have a protective effect on TBI-induced neuroinflammation, but the mechanisms remain unclear.

Mechanism of Progesterone in Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Technology.

BACKGROUND Previous studies have confirmed that progesterone has a protective effect on traumatic brain injury (TBI). In this paper, network pharmacology and molecular docking technology were used to further explore the potential mechanism of progesterone in the treatment of TBI. MATERIAL AND METHODS Based on network pharmacology, potential targets of progesterone for TBI were obtained.

Long-term fertilization has different impacts on bacterial communities and phosphorus forms in sugarcane rhizosphere and bulk soils under low-P stress.

The application of phosphorus (P) fertilizer effectively improves soil P availability, but it also affects soil microbial communities. However, the responses of soil bacterial communities and P forms to long-term P fertilization, and the relationships of bacterial communities with soil P forms remain unclear in P-deficient field. In this study, the impacts of different P fertilization treatments (chemical nitrogen and potassium (NK); chemical N, P and K (NPK); and NPK plus straw (NPKS)) on the bacterial communities and P forms in sugarcane rhizosphere (RS) and bulk soils (BS) were evaluated.

Chaihu Shugan powder alleviates liver inflammation and hepatic steatosis in NAFLD mice: A network pharmacology study and experimental validation.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common metabolic disease and is intertwined with cardiovascular disorders and diabetes. Chaihu Shugan powder (CSP) is a traditional Chinese medicine with a significant therapeutic effect on metabolic diseases, such as NAFLD. However, its pharmacological mechanisms remain to be elucidated.

The comparative effects of oral Chinese patent medicines combined with western medicine in stable angina: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of 179 trials.

Stable angina is a common condition with high morbidity and mortality rates. It has been reported that combining oral Chinese patent medicines (OCPMs) and Western medicine (WM) could potentially achieve a better effect than WM alone. However, the optimal OCPMs for stable angina remain controversial and merit further empirical research.

Investigating the effects of Liushen Capsules on the metabolome of seasonal influenza: A randomized clinical trial.

Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) are effective strategies for preventing influenza infection. Liushen Capsules can inhibit influenza virus proliferation, significantly mitigate virus-induced inflammation and improve acute lung injury or . However, the efficacy and safety of LS in clinical trials, and the role of LS in regulating metabolites in patients are not well known.

Ophiopogonin D'-induced mitophagy and mitochondrial damage are associated with dysregulation of the PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway in AC16 cells.

Shenmai injection (SMI) is a patented traditional Chinese medicine that is extracted from Panax ginseng and Ophiopogon japonicus and is commonly used to treat cardiovascular diseases and tumors. The O. japonicus extract Ophiopogonin D' (OPD') is highly cardiotoxic.

A Five-Dimensional Network Meta-Analysis of Chinese Herbal Injections for Treating Acute Tonsillitis Combined With Western Medicine.

Acute tonsillitis has high morbidity. Chinese herbal injections (CHIs) were reported to be useful in treating acute tonsillitis and might reduce the probability of antibiotic resistance. Nevertheless, the optimal strategy for combining CHIs with western medicine (WM) to treat acute tonsillitis remains unclear.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging under Image Enhancement Algorithm to Analyze the Clinical Value of Placement of Drainage Tube on Incision Healing after Hepatobiliary Surgery.

This study was aimed at exploring the application value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based on image enhancement algorithm in analyzing the placement of drainage tubes in the healing of incisions after hepatobiliary surgery. A total of 70 patients with liver cancer undergoing laparoscopic hepatobiliary surgery were selected, including 34 males and 36 females. According to the detection method of postoperative recovery, they were divided into a group A (conventional MRI detection) and a group B (MRI detection based on Retinex algorithm).

Intracellular Trafficking and Distribution of Cd and InP Quantum Dots in HeLa and ML-1 Thyroid Cancer Cells.

The study of the interaction of engineered nanoparticles, including quantum dots (QDs), with cellular constituents and the kinetics of their localization and transport, has provided new insights into their biological consequences in cancers and for the development of effective cancer therapies. The present study aims to elucidate the toxicity and intracellular transport kinetics of CdSe/ZnS and InP/ZnS QDs in late-stage ML-1 thyroid cancer using well-tested HeLa as a control. Our XTT (2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) viability assay (Cell Proliferation Kit II) showed that ML-1 cells and non-cancerous mouse fibroblast cells exhibit no viability defect in response to these QDs, whereas HeLa cell viability decreases.

Comparative Efficacy of Chinese Herbal Injections for Septic Shock: A Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Septic shock is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Studies have reported that Chinese herbal injections (CHIs) in combination with Western medicine (WM) were more favorable. However, the debate on optimal CHIs is ongoing.

Comparative efficacy of Chinese herbal injections for septic shock: A protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Septic shock is a life-threatening syndrome. Despite Western medicine guidelines being continually updated on septic shock, the disease still has a high mortality rate. Chinese herbal injections (CHIs) are injections made from effective components of traditional Chinese medicine, which have a potential therapeutic effect on septic shock and are recommended as the adjunctive treatment for septic shock in China.

A meta-analysis for Lianhua Qingwen on the treatment of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Background: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been proven to played a great important role on the treatment of COVID-19. As one of the drugs recommended in Chinese guidelines, Lianhua Qingwen Granules or Capsules (LQ) are widely used.This systematic review and meta-analysis amis to evaluate the clinical efficacy of LQ on the treatment of COVID-19.