Multifunctional all-in-one adhesive hydrogel for the treatment of perianal infectious wounds.

Postoperative wound of perianal infectious disease represents a common but unique refractory wound in clinical practice. The reasons that hinder the wound healing process include not only the severe bacterial infection of the wound itself and the narrow and deep shape of the wound, but also its frequent bacterial contact. Therefore, the development of biofunctional dressings to aid in therapy is essential.

Integrated dynamic probabilistic material flow analysis of engineered materials in all European countries.

Uncertainties remain regarding the potential environmental risks of engineered nanomaterials, reflecting missing information on both the exposure and the hazard sides. Probabilistic material flow analysis (PMFA) is a useful exposure assessment tool that maps the flows of a substance through its lifecycle towards the environment, taking into account the uncertainties associated with the input data. In the last years, several refinements have been made to the original PMFA method, increasing its complexity with respect to systems dynamics, fate during recycling and reprocessing and forms of release.