Artificial Intelligence in the Training of Radiology Residents: a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.

The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of AI-assisted training and conventional human training in clinical practice. This was a multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial conducted in five national-level residency training hospitals. Residents from five hospitals participated, divided into three groups: conventional training (Group A), conventional plus specialty training (Group B), and conventional plus AI-assisted training (Group C).

Sensitive detection of choline and nicotine in real samples by switching upconversion luminescence.

Nicotine (3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)pyridine) is one of the most common addictive substances, causing the trace detection of nicotine to be very necessary. Herein, we designed and prepared a functionalized nanocomposite CS-PAA (NaYF:19.5%Yb,0.

Optical Upconversion in Mononuclear Lanthanide Co-Crystal Assemblies.

In this work, we developed two kinds of co-crystal assemblies systems, consisting of discrete mononuclear Yb and Er and mononuclear Yb and Pr, which can achieve Er and Pr upconversion luminescence, respectively, by Yb sensitization under 980 nm excitation. The structure and composition of two co-crystal assemblies were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. By investigation of the series of two assemblies, respectively, it is found that the strongest upconversion luminescence is both obtained when the molar ratio of Yb and Ln (Ln=Er or Pr) is 1 : 1.

Assessing Swallowing Dysfunction Aggravation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients Using Ultrasonic Measurements With Swallowing Movement Parameters.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between ultrasonic measurements of swallowing movement parameters and aggravation of swallowing dysfunction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods: COPD patients with swallowing dysfunction (n = 120) and COPD patients with normal swallowing function (n = 100) treated in our hospital between January 2020 and January 2023 were included in observation and control groups, respectively. The correlation between ultrasonic measurements of swallowing movement parameters and COPD with swallowing dysfunction was analyzed.

Shear wave elastography combined with two-dimensional ultrasonography for detecting optic nerve sheath: An effective tool for assessing preeclampsia.

Purpose/objective: This study aimed to investigate two-dimensional ultrasound and shear-wave elastography (SWE) in evaluating optic neuropathy in preeclampsia.

Methods: Ninety-one singleton pregnant women (51 with preeclampsia [observation group]; 40 without complications [control group]) admitted between January 2022 and April 2022 participated in this study. Optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) and optic nerve stiffness measurement (ONSM) were measured using two-dimensional ultrasound and SWE, respectively, and compared between the two groups.

A Method for Expanding the Training Set of White Blood Cell Images.

In medicine, the count of different types of white blood cells can be used as the basis for diagnosing certain diseases or evaluating the treatment effects of diseases. The recognition and counting of white blood cells have important clinical significance. But the effect of recognition based on machine learning is affected by the size of the training set.

Recognition of Thyroid Ultrasound Standard Plane Images Based on Residual Network.

Ultrasound is one of the critical methods for diagnosis and treatment in thyroid examination. In clinical application, many reasons, such as large outpatient traffic, time-consuming training of sonographers, and uneven professional level of physicians, often cause irregularities during the ultrasonic examination, leading to misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis. In order to standardize the thyroid ultrasound examination process, this paper proposes using a deep learning method based on residual network to recognize the Thyroid Ultrasound Standard Plane (TUSP).

Diagnostic Performance of Ultrasound Computer-Aided Diagnosis Software Compared with That of Radiologists with Different Levels of Expertise for Thyroid Malignancy: A Multicenter Prospective Study.

The aim of the work described here was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of ultrasound thyroid computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) software. This multicenter prospective study included 494 patients (565 thyroid nodules) who underwent surgery or biopsy after ultrasonography at four hospitals from January 2019 to September 2019. The diagnostic performance metrics of different readers were calculated and compared with the pathologic results.

A Benign and Malignant Breast Tumor Classification Method via Efficiently Combining Texture and Morphological Features on Ultrasound Images.

The classification of benign and malignant based on ultrasound images is of great value because breast cancer is an enormous threat to women's health worldwide. Although both texture and morphological features are crucial representations of ultrasound breast tumor images, their straightforward combination brings little effect for improving the classification of benign and malignant since high-dimensional texture features are too aggressive so that drown out the effect of low-dimensional morphological features. For that, an efficient texture and morphological feature combing method is proposed to improve the classification of benign and malignant.

Biodiversity Survey of Flower-Visiting Spiders Based on Literature Review and Field Study.

Many arthropods exhibit flower-visiting behavior, including a variety of spider species. However, as spiders are assumed to be strictly predatory, flower-visiting spiders are an often neglected group. We conducted a systematic biodiversity study of flower-visiting spiders based on published papers and field surveys.

Methylome and transcriptome analyses reveal insights into the epigenetic basis for the good survival of hypomethylated ER-positive breast cancer subtype.

Background: Breast cancer (BRCA) is a heterogeneous disease, characterized by different histopathological and clinical features and responses to various therapeutic measures. Despite the research progress of DNA methylation in classification and diagnosis of BRCA and the close relationship between DNA methylation and hormone receptor status, especially estrogen receptor (ER), the epigenetic mechanisms in various BRCA subtypes and the biomarkers associated with diagnostic characteristics of patients under specific hormone receptor status remain elusive.

Results: In this study, we collected and analyzed methylation data from 785 invasive BRCA and 98 normal breast tissue samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.

Combined effects of elevated CO concentration and on (Araneae: Linyphiidae).

The increasing concentration of carbon dioxide in atmosphere is not only a major cause of global warming, but it also adversely affects the ecological diversity of invertebrates. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of elevated CO concentration (ambient, 400 ppm and high, 800 ppm) and (-infected, W and -uninfected, W) on . The total survival rate, developmental duration, carapace width and length, body weight, sex ratio, net reproductive rate, nutrition content, and enzyme activity in were examined under four treatments: W 400 ppm, W 800 ppm, W 400 ppm, and W 800 ppm.

Transcriptome responses to elevated CO level and Wolbachia-infection stress in Hylyphantes graminicola (Araneae: Linyphiidae).

Hylyphantes graminicola is a resident spider species found in maize and cotton fields and is an important biological control agent of various pests. Previous studies have demonstrated that stress from elevated CO and Wolbachia infection can strongly affect spider species. Thus, based on CO levels (400 ppm, current atmospheric CO concentration and 800 ppm, high CO concentration) and Wolbachia status (Wolbachia-infected, W and Wolbachia-uninfected, W ), we divided H.

Contrast enhanced ultrasound in diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma and endometrial hyperplasia.

The present study was aimed to compare application of contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma (EC) and endometrial hyperplasia (EH). A total of 81 patients with EC and simple EH were selected in this study. Among all patients, 39 cases were diagnosed as EC and 42 cases were diagnosed with EH.

Relationship between survivin expression and recurrence, and prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Aim: To study the expression of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein survivin in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and its correlation with clinicopathological factors, cell proliferation, recurrence and prognosis after hepatectomy.

Methods: Immunohistochemical staining of survivin and Ki-67 was performed by the standard streptavidin-peroxidase technique on paraffin sections of 55 cases of HCC.

Results: The positive rate of survivin in HCC was 52.