Threshold migration conditions of (micro) plastics under the action of overland flow.

Surface runoff is a major pathway for the transport of plastics. However, most previous studies focus on the transport of microplastics in aquatic environment, whereas the migration of plastics from terrestrial environment to aquatic ecosystems receives limited attention. In this work, we investigated the migration of plastic on different surfaces via surface runoff.

Low-Temperature Fluoro-Borosilicate Glass for Controllable Nano-Crystallization in Glass Ceramic Fibers.

A fluorosilicate (FS) nano-crystallized glass ceramic (NGC) is one of the most commonly used gain materials for applications in optical devices due to its excellent thermal stability as well as high-efficiency luminescence. However, FS glass can hardly be used to prepare NGC fibers due to its high preparation temperature. Here, a series of low-temperature fluoro-borosilicate (FBS) glasses were designed for the fabrication of active NGC fibers.

Application of Vacuum-Formed Cyst Plug-in Conservative Treatment of Jaw Cyst in Children.

Fenestration decompression, which can protect important anatomic structures and reduce surgical risk is the most preferred way for the treatment of jaw cysts in children, and wearing a cyst plug after the operation is the key to success. To enhance the retention of the cyst plug and promote the healing of the cyst, our team designed the vacuum-formed cyst plug to replace the classic one. This article presents a case of a jaw cyst in a 6-year-old girl who wore the vacuum-formed cyst plug after the fenestration decompression.

The Inhibition of Return of Sanda Athletes in Three Dimensional Static and Dynamic Scenes.

Sanda is a combat sport in which athletes adopt offensive and defensive techniques for barehanded confrontations. Inhibition of return (IOR) describes a phenomenon in which an individual's response time to a target appearing at a previously cued location is slower than to a target appearing at an un-cued location. Because Sanda requires attention skills and fast response times in dynamic situations, a good understanding of IOR among Sanda athletes is important for enhancing their performance.

The global landscape of approved antibody therapies.

Antibody therapies have become an important class of therapeutics in recent years as they have exhibited outstanding efficacy and safety in the treatment of several major diseases including cancers, immune-related diseases, infectious disease and hematological disease. There has been significant progress in the global research and development landscape of antibody therapies in the past decade. In this review, we have collected available data from the Umabs Antibody Therapies Database (Umabs-DB, https://umabs.

Characteristics of (micro)plastic transport in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.

Many studies focus on the transport of plastic from rivers to oceans while little attention was paid to the plastic transport in the upper reaches of rivers. Transport process of plastic from upstream to downstream in the whole river basin scale is still poorly understood. In this work, five sections in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River were investigated to characterize the features of plastic transport.

Horizontal transport of macro- and microplastics on soil surface by rainfall induced surface runoff as affected by vegetations.

Surface runoff is considered as an important pathway that transport of plastic waste from terrestrial environment into the aquatic environment but the process is still poorly understood. In this work, runoff plot experiment was carried out to study the horizontal transport of macro- and microplastics between 50 mm and 0.25 mm in size on the soil surface by rain induced runoff.

The Heterogeneity of Inflammatory Response and Emphysema in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic inflammation, emphysema, airway remodeling, and altered lung function. Despite the canonical classification of COPD as a neutrophilic disease, blood and airway eosinophilia are found in COPD patients. Identifying the tools to assess eosinophilic airway inflammation in COPD models during stable disease and exacerbations will enable the development of novel anti-eosinophilic treatments.

The complete chloroplast genome of Yishui Lily 140 (Liliaceae ) yielded by next-generation sequencing.

Yishui Lily 140 () is a hybrid lily species which was bred from wild lily varieties due to its edible and medicinal value. In this study, we have sequenced the complete chloroplast (cp) of . The complete cp sequence is 152,643 bp long, with a large single copy (LSC) region of 82,084 bp, a small single copy (SSC) region of 17,513 bp, and two inverted repeat (IR) regions of 26,492 bp each.

Efficient white upconversion luminescence in Yb/Eu doubly-doped transparent glass ceramic.

Efficient white upconversion (UC) luminescence is obtained in Yb/Eu doubly-doped optical glass ceramic (GC) for the first time. KYbF nanocrystals are controllably precipitated from the amorphous networks via the inducing of Yb. Yb ions are spontaneously confined within the compact fluoride crystal structures to produce efficient blue UC emissions of Yb-Yb pairs.

Used disposable face masks are significant sources of microplastics to environment.

The consumption of disposable face masks increases greatly because of the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Inappropriate disposal of wasted face masks has already caused the pollution of the environment. As made from plastic nonwoven fabrics, disposable face masks could be a potential source of microplastics for the environment.

Nano-Crystallization of Ln-Fluoride Crystals in Glass-Ceramics via Inducing of Yb for Efficient Near-Infrared Upconversion Luminescence of Tm.

Transparent glass-ceramic composites embedded with Ln-fluoride nanocrystals are prepared in this work to enhance the upconversion luminescence of Tm. The crystalline phases, microstructures, and photoluminescence properties of samples are carefully investigated. KYbF nanocrystals are proved to controllably precipitate in the glass-ceramics via the inducing of Yb when the doping concentration varies from 0.

Ionic liquid functionalized carbon nanotubes as metal-free catalyst for efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction.

The development of cost-effective and high-performance catalysts for the production of hydrogen via electrocatalytic water splitting is crucial for meeting the increasing energy demand and expanding the hydrogen economy. In this study, a series of metal-free carbon nanotube (CNT) catalysts were designed and in situ functionalized by imidazolium ionic liquids (ILs) for enhanced electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The theoretical calculations and experimental results reveal that the functionalization of CNTs with imidazolium ILs facilitated the electron transfer process and exhibited superior hydrogen adsorption, thereby enhancing the performance of the HER.

The preparation of iron phosphide using ionic liquids as iron and phosphorus sources for efficient hydrogen evolution reactions.

Ionic liquids (ILs) were utilized as iron and phosphorus sources for the preparation of iron phosphide for the first time. The IL trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium tetrachloroferrate ([P(CH)CH][FeCl]) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were applied as precursors for the preparation of FeP/CNTs. This material has good catalytic activity and stability for the hydrogen evolution reaction, including a low onset overpotential (75 mV) and Tafel slope (68 mV dec).

Determination of Chemical Oxygen Demand in Water Samples Using Gas-phase Molecular Absorption Spectrometry.

Chemical oxygen demand (COD) is important for water quality assessment as it represents the level of reductive organic pollution from eutrophication in aquatic systems. For surface water quality monitoring, permanganate is usually applied as an oxidizing reagent, and the routine COD determination is mostly achieved by titration method. However, this titration method is tedious and time consuming, and the results suffer from environmental temperature fluctuations and complicated operation techniques.

The Glycosaminoglycan Content of Hip Cartilage in Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head: Evaluation with Delayed Gadolinium-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Cartilage.

Objective: Hip cartilage quality is essential for the success of joint-preserving surgery for osteonecrosis. This study aimed to characterize cartilage changes in osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH) using delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC).

Design: Fifteen asymptomatic (control) and 60 ONFH subjects were included in this study.

FTFA change under valgus stress force radiography is useful for evaluating the correctability of intra-articular varus deformity in UKA.

Objective: The aim of this observational study was to investigate the postoperative alignment change with Oxford unicompartmental knee arthroplasties (UKA), and clarify whether femoro-tibial facet angle (FTFA) is useful for evaluating alignment correctability with UKA.

Methods: This study evaluated 79 knees consecutive minimally invasive Oxford phase 3 UKAs performed between 2013 and 2014. Full-length weight-bearing radiographs of the lower limbs were obtained pre- and postoperatively to assess varus angle.

Removal of nutrients and pharmaceuticals and personal care products from wastewater using periphyton photobioreactors.

In this work, periphyton photobioreactors were built and were used for the treatment of synthetic wastewater spiked with PPCPs under different operational conditions. The removal rates of total nitrogen were relatively stable and varied from 39% to 77% overtime in different treatments. However, the removal rates of soluble reactive phosphorus decreased overtime from 42% to 68% on day 2 to 15.

Technetium-99m-labeled rituximab for use as a specific tracer of sentinel lymph node biopsy: a translational research study.

Purpose: We aimed to develop and translate a CD20-antigen-targeted radiopharmaceutical, Technetium-99 m-labeled (99mTc) rituximab, for sentinel lymph node (SLN) detection.

Methods: 99mTc-rituximab was synthesized and tested for stability in human serum. The binding affinity to CD20 was evaluated in Raji cells by flow cytometric analysis.

ROI for outlining an entire tumor is a reliable approach for quantification of lung cancer tumor vascular parameters using CT perfusion.

Objective: To investigate the effect of position and size of tumor region of interest (ROI) on the estimation of lung cancer vascular parameters using 256-slice computed tomography (CT) perfusion.

Methods: After institutional review board approval and written informed consent, 16 men and 11 women with lung cancer were enrolled in this CT perfusion study. Perfusion, blood volume, and peak enhancement were determined for 60 or 120 mm(2) circular ROIs placed at the edge, center, and around (outlining) the visible tumor.

The reduction of volume and fiber bundle connections in the hippocampus of EGR3 transgenic schizophrenia rats.

Background And Objective: There is a growing consensus that schizophrenia is ultimately caused by abnormal communication between spatially disparate brain structures. White matter fasciculi represent the primary infrastructure for long distance communication in the brain. In this study, we aimed to investigate the white matter connection in schizophrenia susceptible brain regions of early growth response factor 3 (EGR3) expressing rats.

Expression of Cry1Ab and Cry2Ab by a polycistronic transgene with a self-cleavage peptide in rice.

Insect resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) crystal protein is a major threat to the long-term use of transgenic Bt crops. Gene stacking is a readily deployable strategy to delay the development of insect resistance while it may also broaden insecticidal spectrum. Here, we report the creation of transgenic rice expressing discrete Cry1Ab and Cry2Ab simultaneously from a single expression cassette using 2A self-cleaving peptides, which are autonomous elements from virus guiding the polycistronic viral gene expression in eukaryotes.

A rapid analytical method for monitoring the enantiomeric purity of chiral molecules synthesized in ionic liquid solvents.

Ionic liquids (ILs) have been widely used as reaction solvents in asymmetric synthesis due to their interesting physical and chemical properties. However, monitoring reactant-to-product conversion and the enantiopurity of formed stereoisomers often involves a tedious extraction step before chromatographic analysis. In this study, a rapid and sensitive sampling method using headspace solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled to chiral gas chromatography was developed for the "on-line" analysis of chiral molecules in the IL solvent.