Mouse CD8+ T cell subsets differentially generate IL-17-expressing cells in the colon epithelium and lamina propria.

Colon-resident CD8+ T cells actively contribute to gut homeostasis and the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. However, their heterogeneity in generating IL-17-expressing CD8+ T cells, i.e.

Development and validation of a three-dimensional deep learning-based system for assessing bowel preparation on colonoscopy video.

Background: The performance of existing image-based training models in evaluating bowel preparation on colonoscopy videos was relatively low, and only a few models used external data to prove their generalization. Therefore, this study attempted to develop a more precise and stable AI system for assessing bowel preparation of colonoscopy video.

Methods: We proposed a system named ViENDO to assess the bowel preparation quality, including two CNNs.

Real-time use of artificial intelligence for diagnosing early gastric cancer by magnifying image-enhanced endoscopy: a multicenter diagnostic study (with videos).

Background And Aims: Endoscopy is a pivotal method for detecting early gastric cancer (EGC). However, skill among endoscopists varies greatly. Here, we proposed a deep learning-based system named ENDOANGEL-ME to diagnose EGC in magnifying image-enhanced endoscopy (M-IEE).

Real-time artificial intelligence for detecting focal lesions and diagnosing neoplasms of the stomach by white-light endoscopy (with videos).

Background And Aims: White-light endoscopy (WLE) is the most pivotal tool to detect gastric cancer in an early stage. However, the skill among endoscopists varies greatly. Here, we aim to develop a deep learning-based system named ENDOANGEL-LD (lesion detection) to assist in detecting all focal gastric lesions and predicting neoplasms by WLE.

Evaluation of the effects of an artificial intelligence system on endoscopy quality and preliminary testing of its performance in detecting early gastric cancer: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is a prerequisite for detecting upper gastrointestinal lesions especially early gastric cancer (EGC). An artificial intelligence system has been shown to monitor blind spots during EGD. In this study, we updated the system (ENDOANGEL), verified its effectiveness in improving endoscopy quality, and pretested its performance in detecting EGC in a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Puerarin Exerts the Hepatoprotection from Chronic Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury via Inhibiting the Cyclooxygenase-2 and the 5-Lipoxygenase Pathway in Rats.

Background: Puerarin (PR) as one of the main ingredients of the root of the traditional herb Kudzu has been suggested to improve chronic alcohol-induced liver injury. We explore the specific mechanisms of PR on hepatocellular changes after administration of alcohol.

Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with 55% alcohol for 12 weeks to induce a chronic alcoholic liver damage model.

Anti-inflammation Effects of Sinomenine on Macrophages through Suppressing Activated TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

Sinomenine (SN) has been used in the clinical treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis for many years. Studies showed that SN held protective effects such as anti-inflammation, scavenging free radicals and suppressing immune response in many autoimmune diseases. The purpose of the present study is to explore the mechanism of anti-inflammation of SN on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophages activation and investigate whether the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway participated in.

Repression of Death Receptor-Mediated Apoptosis of Hepatocytes by Hepatitis B Virus e Antigen.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) e antigen (HBeAg) is associated with viral persistence and pathogenesis. Resistance of HBV-infected hepatocytes to apoptosis is seen as one of the primary promotors for HBV chronicity and malignancy. Fas receptor/ligand (Fas/FasL) and the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) system plays a key role in hepatic death during HBV infection.

Anti-inflammatory effect of fucoxanthin on dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice.

The anti-inflammatory activities of fucoxanthin, a marine carotenoid derived from the macroalgae and microalgae, have been demonstrated in the previous studies. However, the effect of fucoxanthin on ulcerative colitis (UC), an inflammatory bowel disease, was still unclear. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of fucoxanthin on dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis in mice.

Oncological consequence of emergent resection of perforated colon cancer with complete obstruction after stent insertion as a bridge to surgery.

Purpose: Colonic perforation is a life-threatening complication after colonic stent insertion as a bridge to surgery for acute obstruction caused by colorectal cancer. The oncological consequence of colonic perforation after emergent surgical intervention was unknown. The aim of this short communication was to investigate whether or not the perforation and emergent surgery had obviously impact on the peritoneal recurrence and long-term survival of patients.

Hepatitis B virus core protein promotes hepatocarcinogenesis by enhancing Src expression and activating the Src/PI3K/Akt pathway.

Hepatitis B virus core protein (HBc) is expressed preferentially in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HBc can function as an oncogene arising from its gene regulatory properties, but how it contributes functionally to hepatocarcinogenesis remains unclear. In this study, we determined the molecular and functional roles of HBc during HBV-associated hepatocellular tumorigenesis.

Effects and mechanism of changes of local neurotransmitters in rats' pylorus and bile reflux to the stomach with stress ulcer.

Stress ulcer occurs primarily in severe conditions, with a high incidence and mortality in intensive care units. However, studies on the association between stress ulcer and bile reflux to the stomach with stress ulcer are still inconclusive. Therefore, our research aimed to determine whether or not bile reflux exists during stress ulcer and then to investigate the effects and mechanism of changes of pyloric local neurotransmitters on bile reflux in such circumstances so as to provide a new pathway for clinical intervention.