The trans-differentiation promotion of parietal epithelial cells by magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate to improve podocyte injury induced by high fructose consumption.

Background: Podocytes have limited proliferative capacity, which leads to irreversible glomerular injury in diverse kidney diseases. Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate (MgIG), a hepatoprotective agent in clinic, has been reported to improve glomerular podocyte injury. However, the underlying mechanism of MgIG in ameliorating podocyte injury remains unclear.

Immune Checkpoint-Modulating Photosensitizer That Targets BRD4 for Cancer Photoimmunotherapy.

Photodynamic therapy is an efficient approach to promote cytotoxic T lymphocyte tumor infiltration to convert immunologically cold tumors into hot tumors through the induction of immunogenic cell death . However, tumors usually overexpress immune checkpoints such as PD-L1 to suppress T lymphocyte antitumor activity and evade immune surveillance. Therefore, the design of efficient photosensitizers to overcome checkpoint-mediated immune evasion is highly necessary.

Ligand-Directed Photodegradation of Interacting Proteins: Oxidative HER2/HER3 Heterodimer Degradation with a Lapatinib-Derived Photosensitizer.

In this work, we described a photocatalytic approach, termed ligand-directed photodegradation of interacting proteins (LDPIP), for efficient protein-protein heterodimer degradation. This LDPIP approach utilizes a combination of a photosensitizing protein ligand and appropriate light and molecular oxygen to induce oxidative damage to the ligand-binding protein as well as its interacting protein partner. As a showcase study, a photosensitizing HER2 ligand was rationally designed based on the FDA-approved HER2 inhibitor lapatinib to efficiently degrade HER2 together with its interacting protein partner HER3, which is thought to induce HER2-targeted therapy resistance and difficult to target by small molecules.

Vertical distribution of dissimilatory iron reducing communities in the sediments of Taihu Lake.

The reduction of Fe(III) coupled with the oxidation of organic matter, primarily stimulated by dissimilatory iron-reducing bacteria (DIRB) under anoxic conditions, is a critical biogeochemical process in lacustrine sediments. Many single strains have been recovered and investigated, however, the changes in the diversity of culturable DIRB communities with sedimentary depth have not been fully revealed. In this study, 41 DIRB strains affiliated to ten genera of phylum Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria were isolated from the sediments of Taihu Lake at three depths (0-2 cm, 9-12 cm, and 40-42 cm), referring to distinct nutrient conditions.

Lysosome-targeting phenalenones as efficient type I/II photosensitizers for anticancer photodynamic therapy.

Development of safe and effective photosensitizers is important for enhancing the efficacy of photodynamic cancer therapy. Phenalenone is a type II photosensitizer with a high singlet oxygen quantum yield; however, its short UV absorption wavelength hinders its application in cancer imaging and in vivo photodynamic therapy. In this study, we report a new redshift phenalenone derivative, 6-amino-5-iodo-1H-phenalen-1-one (SDU Red [SR]), as a lysosome-targeting photosensitizer for triple-negative breast cancer therapy.

[Indoor Formaldehyde and Benzene Series in Shanghai Residences and Their Associations with Building Characteristics and Lifestyle Behaviors].

From March 2013 to December 2014, we on-site inspected indoor concentrations of formaldehyde and a benzene series in 454 children's bedrooms that were decorated earlier than one year before our inspection. Large differences existed in the formaldehyde and benzene-series concentrations among individual bedrooms. Bedrooms that were inspected in winter had significantly higher concentration of formaldehyde than bedrooms that were inspected in other seasons (<0.