Cross-tissue comparison of epigenetic aging clocks in humans.

Epigenetic clocks are a common group of tools used to measure biological aging-the progressive deterioration of cells, tissues, and organs. Epigenetic clocks have been trained almost exclusively using blood-based tissues, but there is growing interest in estimating epigenetic age using less-invasive oral-based tissues (i.e.

Parental age at birth, telomere length, and autism spectrum disorders in the UK Biobank cohort.

Older parental age at birth is associated with increased risk of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in offspring. Independently, shorter telomere length (TL) has also been shown to be associated with ASD in children. However, older paternal age at birth, with or without controlling for maternal age, has been associated with longer TL, a seemingly contradictory finding.

Cross-Tissue Comparison of Epigenetic Aging Clocks in Humans.

Epigenetic clocks are a common group of tools used to measure biological aging - the progressive deterioration of cells, tissues and organs. Epigenetic clocks have been trained almost exclusively using blood-based tissues but there is growing interest in estimating epigenetic age using less-invasive oral-based tissues (i.e.

Early life adversity is associated with differential gene expression in immune cells: A cluster-based analysis across an acute psychosocial stressor.

Elucidating mechanisms by which early-life adversity (ELA) contributes to increased disease risk is important for mitigating adverse health outcomes. Prior work has found differences in immune cell gene expression related to inflammation and mitochondrial activity. Using a within-person between-group experimental design, we investigated differences in gene expression clusters across acute psychosocial stress and no-stress conditions.

Effect of long-term caloric restriction on telomere length in healthy adults: CALERIE™ 2 trial analysis.

Caloric restriction (CR) modifies lifespan and aging biology in animal models. The Comprehensive Assessment of Long-Term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy (CALERIE™) 2 trial tested translation of these findings to humans. CALERIE™ randomized healthy, nonobese men and premenopausal women (age 21-50y; BMI 22.

Cross-tissue comparison of telomere length and quality metrics of DNA among individuals aged 8 to 70 years.

Telomere length (TL) is an important biomarker of cellular aging, yet its links with health outcomes may be complicated by use of different tissues. We evaluated within- and between-individual variability in TL and quality metrics of DNA across five tissues using a cross-sectional dataset ranging from 8 to 70 years (N = 197). DNA was extracted from all tissue cells using the Gentra Puregene DNA Extraction Kit.

Telomere length and chronological age across the human lifespan: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 414 study samples including 743,019 individuals.

Telomere attrition is a proposed hallmark of aging. To evaluate the association of telomere length (TL) with chronological age across the human lifespan, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 414 study samples comprising 743,019 individuals aged 0-112 years. We examined both cross-sectional and longitudinal data, and evaluated the impact of various biological and methodological factors including sex, health status, tissue types, DNA extraction procedures, and TL measurement methods.

Biological stability of DNA methylation measurements over varying intervals of time and in the presence of acute stress.

Identifying factors that influence the stability of DNA methylation measurements across biological replicates is of critical importance in basic and clinical research. Using a within-person between-group experimental design ( = 31, number of observations = 192), we report the stability of biological replicates over a variety of unique temporal scenarios, both in the absence and presence of acute psychosocial stress, and between individuals who have experienced early life adversity (ELA) and non-exposed individuals. We found that varying time intervals, acute stress, and ELA exposure influenced the stability of repeated DNA methylation measurements.

Investigating the effects of maltreatment and acute stress on the concordance of blood and DNA methylation methods of estimating immune cell proportions.

Background: Immune cell proportions can be used to detect pathophysiological states and are also critical covariates in genomic analyses. The complete blood count (CBC) is the most common method of immune cell proportion estimation, but immune cell proportions can also be estimated using whole-genome DNA methylation (DNAm). Although the concordance of CBC and DNAm estimations has been validated in various adult and clinical populations, less is known about the concordance of existing estimators among stress-exposed individuals.

Population Pharmacokinetics of Enteric-Coated Mycophenolate Sodium in Children after Renal Transplantation and Initial Dosage Recommendation Based on Body Surface Area.

Objective: Enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium (EC-MPS) is widely used in renal transplant recipients. There is a lack of study on the pharmacokinetics of this drug in children. This study is aimed at developing a population pharmacokinetic model of mycophenolic acid in children who were treated with EC-MPS after renal transplantation and to recommend initial dosage.

Intercepting Medication Errors in Pediatric In-patients Using a Prescription Pre-audit Intelligent Decision System: A Single-center Study.

Objectives: Medication errors can happen at any phase of the medication process at health care settings. The objective of this study is to identify the characteristics of severe prescribing errors at a pediatric hospital in the inpatient setting and to provide recommendations to improve medication safety and rational drug use.

Methods: This descriptive retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary pediatric hospital using data collected from Jan.

Exposure levels of mycophenolic acid are associated with comorbidities in children with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Introduction: Little is known about the relationship between exposure levels of mycophenolic acid (MPA), the active metabolite of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), and comorbidities of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in children. This study aims to explore this association.

Methods: Longitudinal data from SLE children, who were taking MMF for immunosuppression and under therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), were retrospectively collected.

Mycophenolic Acid Exposure Optimization Based on Vitamin D Status in Children with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.

Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can affect bone metabolism and homeostasis of serum electrolytes that are associated with abnormal levels of vitamin D. Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is a commonly used immunosuppressant with the active metabolite mycophenolic acid (MPA). The area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of MPA is often monitored during the treatment to assess the exposure levels.

Population Pharmacokinetics and Initial Dose Optimization of Sirolimus Improving Drug Blood Level for Seizure Control in Pediatric Patients With Tuberous Sclerosis Complex.

The purposes of this study were to explore the population pharmacokinetics and initial dose optimization of sirolimus improving drug blood level for seizure control in pediatric patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Eighty pediatric patients diagnosed with TSC-related epilepsy were included for analysis. Sirolimus concentrations, physiological and biochemical indexes, and drug combination were collected to build a nonlinear mixed effect (NONMEM) model.

Vancomycin-related convulsion in a pediatric patient with neuroblastoma: A case report and review of the literature.

Background: Vancomycin is often used as an anti-infective drug in patients receiving anti-tumor chemotherapy. There are concerns about its adverse drug reactions during treatment, such as nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, hypersensitivity reactions, However, potential convulsion related to high plasma concentrations of vancomycin in children receiving chemotherapy has not been reported.

Case Summary: A 3.

Safety survey by clinical pharmacists on COVID-19 vaccination from a single center in China.

This study explored the safety of COVID-19 vaccine (Aikewei) and the role of clinical pharmacists in the implementation of COVID-19 vaccination. A total of 2305 hospital employees in Children's Hospital of Fudan University in Shanghai, China received the COVID-19 vaccine. The whole process of vaccination was monitored by clinical pharmacists, and the occurrence, types, severity of adverse reactions were recorded in detail.

Low-dose oral hydroxychloroquine led to impaired vision in a child with renal failure: Case report and literature review.

Introduction: Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has received much attention in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 recently. However, it can cause irreversible vision loss. Few cases have been reported in pediatric patient with HCQ-related adverse reactions.

Population pharmacokinetics of mycophenolic acid in pediatric patients with juvenile dermatomyositis and optimization of limited sampling strategy.

Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is a rare systemic autoimmune disease specifically affecting children. Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is an immunosuppressant used to treat JDM. Mycophenolic acid (MPA) is an active metabolite of MMF.

Population pharmacokinetics and initial dosing regimen optimization of cyclosporin in pediatric hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis patients.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is induced by various triggers, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune diseases, lymphoma or other malignancies. Cyclosporin is one of the clinical treatments for HLH. However, cyclosporin has considerable inter- and intra-individual variabilities in pharmacokinetics and also displays a narrow therapeutic window, making it difficult to define an optimal dose for HLH treatment.

Shengmai injection alleviates HO‑induced oxidative stress through activation of AKT and inhibition of ERK pathways in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Shengmai injection (SMI) is a classical traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) officially recorded in Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (version 2015) and has long been used to treat heart failure in China. However scientific evidence for the anti-oxidative stress potential of SMI used in traditional medicine is lacking.

Aim Of Study: The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of SMI in alleviating HO‑induced Oxidative Stress the underlying mechanisms MATERIALS AND METHODS: HO-induced oxidative stress model of cardiomyocytes was established with primary cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes.

Traditional Chinese medicine's intervention in endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation and nitric oxide synthesis in cardiovascular system.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most dangerous diseases which has become a major cause of human death. Many researches evidenced that nitric oxide (NO)/endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) system plays a significant role in the occurrence and development of CVD. NO, an important signaling molecule, closely associated with the regulation of vasodilatation, blood rheology, blood clotting and other physiological and pathological processes.

Effects of Shenfu injection and its main components on the contraction of isolated rat thoracic aortic rings.

Background And Purpose: Shenfu injection (SFI), derived from the ancient traditional Chinese medicine (Red Radix Ginseng and Radix Aconitum Carmichaeli), has been widely used in the clinical for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases for more than 20 years. The present study aims to investigate the effects of SFI and its main components on the contraction of isolated rat thoracic aorta rings and the potential mechanisms of this action.

Methodology/principal Findings: The isolated rat thoracic aorta rings were initially treated with different concentrations of SFI, Hongshen injection (HSI, mainly containing ginsenoside) or Fupian injection (FPI, mainly containing aconite total alkaloids) separately.

A meta-analysis of Chinese herbal medicines for vascular dementia.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicines in the treatment of patients with vascular dementia.

Data Retrieval: We retrieved publications from Cochrane Library (2004 to July 2011), PubMed (1966 to July 2011), the Chinese Science and Technique Journals Database (1977 to July 2011), the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (1979 to July 2011), Google Scholar (July 2011), and the Chinese Biomedical Database (1977 to July 2011) using the key words "Chinese medicine OR Chinese herbal medicine" and "vascular dementia OR mild cognition impair OR multi-infarct dementia OR small-vessel dementia OR strategic infarct dementia OR hypoperfusion dementia OR hemorrhagic dementia OR hereditary vascular dementia".

Selection Criteria: Randomized controlled trials comparing Chinese herbal medicines with placebo/western medicine in the treatment of patients with vascular dementia were included.