Empagliflozin alleviates neuroinflammation by inhibiting astrocyte activation in the brain and regulating gut microbiota of high-fat diet mice.

A high-fat diet can modify the composition of gut microbiota, resulting in dysbiosis. Changes in gut microbiota composition can lead to increased permeability of the gut barrier, allowing bacterial products like lipopolysaccharides (LPS) to enter circulation. This process can initiate systemic inflammation and contribute to neuroinflammation.

Shen Qi Wan ameliorates nephritis in chronic kidney disease via AQP1 and DEFB1 regulation.

Shen Qi Wan (SQW) has been proven to exert anti-inflammatory effects in the kidneys of CKD models accompanied by unclear therapeutic mechanisms. This study aims to evaluate the kidney-protective and anti-inflammatory effects of SQW and to elucidate its fundamental mechanisms for CKD treatment. Firstly, the main active components of SQW were identified by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS technique.

Prevalence of periodontal disease in middle-aged and elderly patients and its influencing factors.

Objective: To explore the prevalence of periodontal disease in middle-aged and elderly patients and analyze its influencing factors.

Methods: A total of 521 patients admitted to the Department of Stomatology of Fuyang District Chinese Medicine Hospital of Hangzhou from January 2019 to January 2022 were retrospectively collected as study subjects, including 176 patients aged 35-44 years old, 175 patients aged 45-64 years old, and 170 patients aged 65-74 years old. Community Periodontal Index (CPI) probe was used to detect gingival bleeding, periodontal pockets and attachment loss, and the prevalence of periodontal disease and its influencing factors were analyzed.

The Food Additive β-Caryophyllene Exerts Its Neuroprotective Effects Through the JAK2-STAT3-BACE1 Pathway.

Despite extensive research on Alzheimer's disease (AD), its diagnosis and treatment remain challenging, and no effective therapies are currently available. Amyloid β (Aβ) extracellular plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles are the histological characteristics of AD that have been directly linked to neuropathological events such as synaptic and neuronal cell loss. In this study, we explored whether the "JAK2-STAT3-BACE1" pathway is involved in neuroprotection conferred by the food flavouring agent β-caryophyllene (BCP).

Developmental expression and immune role of the class B scavenger receptor cd36 in zebrafish.

CD36 is a transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the scavenger receptor class B family which plays crucial roles in innate immunity. Although CD36 is widely documented in mammals, the study of its functions in fish is still limited. Here we report the identification of a zebrafish cd36 homologue.

A medium-chain fatty acid receptor Gpr84 in zebrafish: expression pattern and roles in immune regulation.

Gpr84 was recently identified as a receptor for medium-chain fatty acids, but its functions remain to be clarified. We reported the identification of a zebrafish Gpr84 homologue (zGpr84), which has a higher gene expression in the tissues of intestine, heart and liver. During embryogenesis, zGpr84 is maternally expressed and a significant increase is observed at segmentation period, and it is mainly restricted to the head region, pectoral fins, branchial arches, intestine and lateral line neuromast.

A novel galanin receptor 1a gene in zebrafish: tissue distribution, developmental expression roles in nutrition regulation.

Galanin (Gal), a 29 (30 in human) amino acid neuropeptide, exerts its biological activities through three different G protein-coupled receptors, namely GalR1, GalR2 and GalR3. However, we previously found that only GalR1 and GalR2 exist in fish, and fish GalR1 has two genes (GalR1a and GalR1b), with GalR1a possibly representing the primitive gene form during fish evolution. To uncover the functions of GalR1a in fish, here the tissue distribution, developmental expression and the role in nutrition regulation of GalR1a were investigated in zebrafish (Danio rerio).