A kidney protection nanoparticle based on Alpinia oxyphylla fructus polysaccharide by modulating macrophage polarization.

The use of natural polysaccharides from traditional Chinese medicine as carrier materials has great potentiality in drug delivery. Nootkatone (NKT) demonstrated good pharmacological activity in treating kidney injury, but its solubility and bioavailability are not very good which may affect the effectiveness of its therapeutic effect. Alpinia oxyphylla fructus polysaccharide (AOP), as a plant polysaccharide, has multiple pharmacological activities and may help to provide synergy for NKT.

Melatonin promotes the proliferation and differentiation of antler chondrocytes via RUNX2 dependent on the interaction between NOTCH1 and SHH signaling pathways.

Melatonin (MT), an endogenous hormone secreted by pineal gland, has the sedative, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant functions. However, there are few studies on whether MT affects the proliferation and differentiation of antler chondrocytes. The present study investigated the influences of MT on the proliferation and differentiation of antler chondrocytes, explored its regulation on runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), NOTCH1 and sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling, and elucidated their interplays.

Interleukin-22 promotes endometrial carcinoma cell proliferation and cycle progression via ERK1/2 and p38 activation.

Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is one of the most common gynecological malignant tumors, but its underlying pathogenic mechanisms are largely obscure. Interleukin-22 (IL-22), one cytokine in the tumor immune microenvironment, was reported to be associated with carcinoma progression. Here, we aimed to investigate the regulation of IL-22 in endometrial carcinoma.

Wild rice GL12 synergistically improves grain length and salt tolerance in cultivated rice.

The abounding variations in wild rice provided potential reservoirs of beneficial genes for rice breeding. Maintaining stable and high yields under environmental stresses is a long-standing goal of rice breeding but is challenging due to internal trade-off mechanisms. Here, we report wild rice GL12 improves grain length and salt tolerance in both indica and japonica genetic backgrounds.

Natural medicine can substitute antibiotics in animal husbandry: protective effects and mechanisms of rosewood essential oil against Salmonella infection.

Aniba rosaeodora essential oil (RO) has been traditionally used in natural medicine as a substitute for antibiotics due to its notable antidepressant and antibacterial properties. Salmonella, a prevalent pathogen in foodborne illnesses, presents a major challenge to current antibiotic treatments. However, the antibacterial efficacy and mechanisms of action of RO against Salmonella spp.

Gelsevirine ameliorates sepsis-associated encephalopathy by inhibiting the STING signalling-mediated pyroptosis pathway in microglia.

Background: Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is among the most prevalent and deadly complications associated with sepsis, but satisfactory treatments and therapeutic agents are lacking. Gelsevirine, an active ingredient derived from Gelsemium elegans Benth., has shown promising effects in animal models of anxiety, ischaemic stroke and osteoarthritis.

Reference values for exhaled nitric oxide in healthy children aged 6-18 years in China: a cross-sectional, multicenter clinical study.

Background: The reference values of eNO have certain differences among people of different countries and races. We aimed to obtain the reference value of eNO in healthy children and adolescents (6-18 years old) in China and to explore the associations between the reference values with ages, gender, heights, BMI, and regions.

Methods: We measured FeNO levels in 5949 healthy Chinese children and adolescents, FeNO and CaNO levels in 658 participants from 16 provinces of 7 administrative areas in China aged 6-18.

Study on the key ecological factors for the reproduction of in the upper reaches of the Yellow River.

The development of hydroelectric projects has adversely affected the reproductive activities of downstream fish species. To facilitate the natural reproduction of fish and restore spawning grounds post-dam construction, it is imperative to explore the ecological factors crucial for their reproduction. Currently, various research methods with different advantages and limitations are employed for this purpose.

CD248-expressing cancer-associated fibroblasts induce non-small cell lung cancer metastasis via Hippo pathway-mediated extracellular matrix stiffness.

Metastasis is a crucial stage in tumour progression, and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) support metastasis through their participation in extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness. CD248 is a possible biomarker for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)-derived CAFs, but its role in mediating ECM stiffness to promote NSCLC metastasis is unknown. We investigated the significance of CD248 CAFs in activating the Hippo axis and promoting connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) expression, which affects the stromal collagen I environment and improves ECM stiffness, thereby facilitating NSCLC metastasis.

Carrier-Free Photodynamic Bioregulators Inhibiting Lactic Acid Efflux Combined with Immune Checkpoint Blockade for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Immunotherapy.

Abnormal tumor metabolism creates a complex tumor immune microenvironment that plays a dominant role in the metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). TNBC is insensitive to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy because of insufficient cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) infiltration and a hyper-lactic acid-suppressive immune microenvironment caused by abnormal glycolysis. Herein, we propose an amplified strategy based on lactic acid regulation to reprogram the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ITM) and combine it with ICB therapy to achieve enhanced antitumor immunotherapy effects.

Quantitative determination of flow rate variations in reservoir Eco-scheduling: A case study of Yangqu dam in the upper yellow river.

Accurate quantification of flow dynamics during reservoir ecological scheduling hinders the maintenance of normal reproductive activities in downstream riverine fish. This study proposed a quantitative method for determining the flow rate changes in reservoir ecological scheduling. The approach utilized the daily flow rate and daily flow-rate increment to characterize the flow process.

Associations between a normal-range free thyroxine concentration and ovarian reserve in infertile women undergoing treatment via assisted reproductive technology.

Background: Some recent studies have shown that female subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is associated with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR). In this study, we aimed to investigate whether serum-free thyroxine (fT4) concentrations within the reference range are associated with ovarian reserve in women.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 4933 infertile women with normal-range fT4 concentrations who received assisted reproductive technology treatment in our clinic.

Strictosamide alleviates acute lung injury via regulating T helper 17 cells, regulatory T cells, and gut microbiota.

Background: Nauclea officinalis (Pierre ex Pit.) Merr. & Chun (Rubiaceae) is widely used to treat respiratory diseases in China.

IL-8 from CD248-expressing cancer-associated fibroblasts generates cisplatin resistance in non-small cell lung cancer.

Chemotherapy-resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) presents a substantial barrier to effective care. It is still unclear how cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) contribute to NSCLC resistance to chemotherapy. Here, we found that CD248 CAFs released IL-8 in NSCLC, which, in turn, enhanced the cisplatin (CDDP) IC50 in A549 and NCI-H460 while decreasing the apoptotic percentage of A549 and NCI-H460 in vitro.

Brain-derived extracellular vesicles mediate systemic coagulopathy and inflammation after traumatic brain injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can induce systemic coagulopathy and inflammation, thereby increasing the risk of mortality and disability. However, the mechanism causing systemic coagulopathy and inflammation following TBI remains unclear. In prior research, we discovered that brain-derived extracellular vesicles (BDEVs), originating from the injured brain, can activate the coagulation cascade and inflammatory cells.

Recent advances in integrated solar cell/supercapacitor devices: Fabrication, strategy and perspectives.

Background: Solar cell/supercapacitor integrated devices (SCSD) have made some progress in terms of device structure and electrode materials, but there are still many key challenges in controlling electrode performance and improving the efficiency of integrated devices.

Aim Of Review: It is necessary to study how to balance the photoelectric conversion process and the storage process. From the microscopic mechanism of different functional unit materials to the mechanism of macroscopic devices, it is essential to conduct in-depth research.

[Research progress of interaction between CAFs and M2 macrophages to promote tumor progression].

Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are one of the main components of tumor microenvironment (TME). In TME, the interaction between tumor cells and non-tumor cells or among non tumor cells can promote the occurrence and development of tumors. CAFs can interact with a variety of immune cells and promote the occurrence and development of tumors by inhibiting the function of adaptive immune cells and reshaping the immune microenvironment in TME.

Plastid genome and its phylogenetic implications of Asiatic Spiraea (Rosaceae).

Background: Spiraea L. is a genus comprising approximately 90 species that are distributed throughout the northern temperate regions. China is recognized as the center of species diversity for this genus, hosting more than 70 species, including 47 endemic species.

Comprehensive Analysis Reveals the Potential Roles of CDKN3 in Pancancer and Verification in Endometrial Cancer.

Background: Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 3 (CDKN3) has been studied in many cancers. However, the comprehensive and systematic pancancer analysis of CDKN3 genes is still lacking.

Methods: Data were downloaded from online databases.

Identification of UBFD1 as a prognostic biomarker and molecular target among estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.

Estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer (BRCA) is the most commonly diagnosed molecular subtype of BRCA. It is routinely treated with endocrine therapy; however, some patients relapse after therapy and develop drug resistance, resulting in treatment failure. In the present study, we identified markers of ER-positive BRCA and evaluated their putative function in immune infiltration as well as their clinicopathological significance.

The humanin analogue (HNG) alleviates intrauterine adhesions by inhibiting endometrial epithelial cells ferroptosis: a rat model-based study.

Study Question: Does a humanin analogue (HNG) have a therapeutic effect on intrauterine adhesions (IUAs) caused by uterine cavity surgery in a rat model?

Summary Answer: HNG supplementation attenuated the development of endometrial fibrosis and IUAs, improved fertility, and contributed to the regulation of endometrial fibrosis by inhibiting endometrial ferroptosis in rats with IUAs.

What Is Known Already: IUAs, which are characterized by endometrial fibrosis, are a common cause of female infertility. Humanin (rattin in rats) is a mitochondrial-derived peptide that is widely expressed in multiple tissues.

Nasal nitric oxide in healthy Chinese children aged 6-18 years.

Objectives: To obtain the normal values of fractional concentration of nasal nitric oxide in Chinese children aged 6-18 years, so as to provide reference for clinical diagnosis.

Methods: 2,580 out of 3,200 children (1,359 males and 1,221 females), whom were included from 12 centers around China were taken tests, their height and weight were also recorded. Data were used to analyze the normal range and influencing factors of fractional concentration of nasal nitric oxide values.

Brain-derived extracellular vesicles mediate traumatic brain injury associated multi-organ damage.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can negatively impact systemic organs, which can lead to more death and disability. However, the mechanism underlying the effect of TBI on systemic organs remains unclear. In previous work, we found that brain-derived extracellular vesicles (BDEVs) released from the injured brain can induce systemic coagulation with a widespread fibrin deposition in the microvasculature of the lungs, kidney, and heart in a mouse model of TBI.

Circulating extracellular vesicles from patients with traumatic brain injury induce cerebrovascular endothelial dysfunction.

Endothelial dysfunction is a key proponent of pathophysiological process of traumatic brain injury (TBI). We previously demonstrated that extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from injured brains led to endothelial barrier disruption and vascular leakage. However, the molecular mechanisms of this EV-induced endothelial dysfunction (endotheliopathy) remain unclear.