Silencing of the Gene via dsRNA Affects Root Development and Growth in the Invasive Weed .

("mile-a-minute" weed) is a global invasive alien weed that can cause severe damage to agroforestry ecosystems and significant agricultural losses worldwide. Although chemical, manual, or mechanical control methods are widely used to control , RNA interference (RNAi)-based biocontrol methods have rarely been reported for this species. The () gene, encoding an auxin response factor, plays an essential role in embryonic root initiation in .

Mining, Identification, and Fermentation Optimization of Chitin Deacetylase from a Novel Strain Enterobacter sp. ZCDA27.

Chitin, a natural organic compound with content slightly lower than cellulose, is also known for chitosan, a substance derived from chitin through deacetylation. In this experiment, preliminary screening was conducted using the plate discoloration circle method, leading to the selection of a high-yield CDA-producing strain from 28 candidates through rescreening. Morphological characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis revealed 99.

Constructing phylogenetic trees for microbiome data analysis: A mini-review.

As next-generation sequencing technologies advance rapidly and the cost of metagenomic sequencing continues to decrease, researchers now face an unprecedented volume of microbiome data. This surge has stimulated the development of scalable microbiome data analysis methods and necessitated the incorporation of phylogenetic information into microbiome analysis for improved accuracy. Tools for constructing phylogenetic trees from 16S rRNA sequencing data are well-established, as the highly conserved regions of the 16S gene are limited, simplifying the identification of marker genes.

Demyelination in cuprizone mice is ameliorated by calycosin mediated through astrocyte Nrf2 signaling pathway.

Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in multiple sclerosis (MS), triggering demyelination predominantly through excessive peroxide production and the depletion of antioxidants. The accumulation of oxidative damage can be caused by dysregulation of astrocytes, which are the brain's main regulators of oxidative homeostasis. Calycosin, an essential bioactive component extracted from Astragalus, is recognized for its neuroprotective properties.

A chromosome-level genome assembly of the Brontispa longissima.

Brontispa longissima is a highly destructive pest that affects coconut and ornamental palm plants. It is widely distributed across Southeast and East Asia and the Pacific region, causing production losses of up to 50-70%. While control methods and ecological phenomena have been the primary focus of research, there is a significant lack of studies on the molecular mechanisms underlying these ecological phenomena.

CD8+T cell infiltration-associated barrier function of brain endothelial cells is enhanced by Astragalus polysaccharides via inhibiting PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Pathogenic CD8+T cells play an essential role in neuroinflammation and neural injury, which leads to the progression of inflammatory neurological disorders. Thus, blocking the infiltration of CD8+T cells is necessary for the treatment of neuroinflammatory diseases. Our previous study demonstrated that Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) could significantly reduce the infiltration of CD8+T cells in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice.

Modulation of PD-L1 by Astragalus polysaccharide attenuates the induction of melanoma stem cell properties and overcomes immune evasion.

Background: Melanoma is a highly aggressive form of skin cancer. The existence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and tumor immune evasion are two major causes of melanoma progression, but no effective treatment has been found at present. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) is a principal active component derived from Astragalus membranaceus, showing anti-tumor effects in various tumors including melanoma.

Obinutuzumab as Initial or Second-Line Therapy in Patients With Primary Membranous Nephropathy.

Introduction: B-cell lymphocytes have been demonstrated to play a key role in the pathogenesis underlying membranous nephropathy (MN). The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of Obinutuzumab, a glycoengineered type II anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody in individuals with MN.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from 59 consecutive patients with primary MN who provided consent to receive Obinutuzumab and were followed for at least 6 months.

The U-shape relationship between insulin resistance-related indexes and chronic kidney disease: a retrospective cohort study from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2016.

Background: There is ongoing debate on the correlation between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and insulin resistance (IR)-related indices. Our objective was to explore the prognostic ability of IR-related indexes for the prevalence of CKD, as well as the mortality from all causes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in CKD patients.

Methods: The data used in this study came from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Antibiotics suppress the expression of antimicrobial peptides and increase sensitivity of Cydia pomonella to granulosis virus.

Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CpGV) is a highly specific and environmentally friendly pathogenic virus successfully used as a biological insecticide against codling moth larvae. Continuous application of CpGV has led to high levels of resistance in codling moth, Cydia pomonella (C. pomonella).

Causal relationship between infection and IgA nephropathy: a bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization study.

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is one of the most common primary glomerulonephritis, and serum () antibody levels are increased in patients with IgA N, but the role of infection in the pathogenesis of IgAN is unclear. In this study, we investigated whether there is a causal relationship and reverse causality between IgAN and infection by using a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. This study was estimated using inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger and weighted median methods, with the IVW method having the strongest statistical efficacy.

Severe drought exposure in utero associates to children's epigenetic age acceleration in a global climate change hot spot.

The goal of this study is to examine the association between in utero drought exposure and epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) in a global climate change hot spot. Calculations of EAA in adults using DNA methylation have been found to accurately predict chronic disease and longevity. However, fewer studies have examined EAA in children, and drought exposure in utero has not been investigated.

Risk factors and early prediction of cardiorenal syndrome type 3 among acute kidney injury patients: a cohort study.

Background: Type 3 cardiorenal syndrome (CRS type 3) triggers acute cardiac injury from acute kidney injury (AKI), raising mortality in AKI patients. We aimed to identify risk factors for CRS type 3 and develop a predictive nomogram.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 805 AKI patients admitted at the Department of Nephrology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from 1 January 2017, to 31 December 2021, were categorized into a study cohort (406 patients from 2017.

Management and Clinical Outcomes of Membranous Nephropathy, IgA Nephropathy, and Minimal Change Disease Two Years Post-Kidney Biopsy.

Introduction: This study evaluated the phenotypic and pathology characteristics of patients undergoing kidney biopsy at a single center, while also determining the frequency and factors associated with clinical outcomes.

Methods: The incidence and distribution of biopsy-proven kidney diseases in 2000-2019 were surveyed. Consecutive individuals diagnosed with membranous nephropathy (MN), immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN), and minimal change disease (MCD) between August 2015 and December 2019 were enrolled in the prospective 2-year follow-up study.

Reciprocal relationship between cancer stem cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells: implications for tumor progression and therapeutic strategies.

Recently, there has been an increased focus on cancer stem cells (CSCs) due to their resilience, making them difficult to eradicate. This resilience often leads to tumor recurrence and metastasis. CSCs adeptly manipulate their surroundings to create an environment conducive to their survival.

Surface Patterning of Metal Zinc Electrode with an In-Region Zincophilic Interface for High-Rate and Long-Cycle-Life Zinc Metal Anode.

The undesirable dendrite growth induced by non-planar zinc (Zn) deposition and low Coulombic efficiency resulting from severe side reactions have been long-standing challenges for metallic Zn anodes and substantially impede the practical application of rechargeable aqueous Zn metal batteries (ZMBs). Herein, we present a strategy for achieving a high-rate and long-cycle-life Zn metal anode by patterning Zn foil surfaces and endowing a Zn-Indium (Zn-In) interface in the microchannels. The accumulation of electrons in the microchannel and the zincophilicity of the Zn-In interface promote preferential heteroepitaxial Zn deposition in the microchannel region and enhance the tolerance of the electrode at high current densities.

Corrigendum: Cardiac tamponade, a rare complication of gastric cardia cancer resection after neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy: a case report and literature review.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.

MYLK and CALD1 as molecular targets in bladder cancer.

Bladder cancer (BC) is a malignant tumor that occurs in bladder mucosa. However, relationship between myosin light chain kinase (MYLK) and CALD1 and BC remains unclear. The BC datasets GSE65635 and GSE100926 were downloaded from gene expression omnibus by GPL14951 and GPL14550.

Overexpression of Corin Ameliorates Kidney Fibrosis through Inhibition of Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in Mice.

The Wnt/β-catenin pathway represents a promising therapeutic target for mitigating kidney fibrosis. Corin possesses the homologous ligand binding site [Frizzled-cysteine-rich domain (Fz-CRD)] similar to Frizzled proteins, which act as receptors for Wnt. The Fz-CRD has been found in eight different proteins, all of which, except for corin, are known to bind Wnt and regulate its signal transmission.

Transcriptome analysis used to identify and characterize odorant binding proteins in Agasicles hygrophila (Coleoptera: Chryspmelidae).

The transcriptomes of Agasicles hygrophila eggs and first instar larvae were analyzed to explore the olfactory mechanism of larval behavior. The analysis resulted in 135,359 unigenes and the identification of 38 odorant-binding proteins (OBPs), including 23 Minus-C OBPs, 8 Plus-C OBPs, and 7 Classic OBPs. Further analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) revealed 10 DEG OBPs, with 5 (AhygOBP5, AhygOBP9, AhygOBP12, AhygOBP15 and AhygOBP36) up-regulated in first instar larvae.

Physical and mental health impairments experienced by operating surgeons and camera-holder assistants during laparoscopic surgery: a cross-sectional survey.

Introduction: Surgeons may experience physical and mental health problems because of their jobs, which may lead to chronic muscle damage, burnout, or even withdrawal. However, these are often ignored -holder assistants during laparoscopic surgery. We aimed to analyze the differences between operating surgeons and camera-holder assistants.