Stability evaluation of reference genes for gene expression analysis by RT-qPCR in soybean under different conditions.

Real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR is a sensitive and widely used technique to quantify gene expression. To achieve a reliable result, appropriate reference genes are highly required for normalization of transcripts in different samples. In this study, 9 previously published reference genes (60S, Fbox, ELF1A, ELF1B, ACT11, TUA5, UBC4, G6PD, CYP2) of soybean [Glycine max (L.

Genetic analysis and molecular mapping of resistance gene to Phakopsora pachyrhizi in soybean germplasm SX6907.

In this study, Rpp6907, a novel resistance gene/allele to Phakopsora pachyrhizi in soybean, was mapped in a 111.9-kb region, including three NBS-LRR type predicted genes, on chromosome 18. Soybean rust caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi Sydow has been reported in numerous soybean-growing regions worldwide.

ZnS quantum dots derived a reagentless uric acid biosensor.

A reagentless amperometric uric acid biosensor based on zinc sulfide (ZnS) quantum dots (QDs) was firstly developed. It could detect uric acid without the presence of an electron mediator. The carboxyl group functionalized ZnS QDs were synthesized, and they were soluble biocompatible and conductive.

[The metabolites of cyclic peptides from three endophytic mangrove fungi].

Nine secondary metaboites of cyclic peptide were isolated from three mangrove endophytic fungi Paecilomyces sp. (treel-7), 4557,ZZF65. They were viscumamide(1),cyclo(Pro-Iso)(2),cyclo(Phe-Gly)(3),cyclo(Phe-Ana)(4),cyclo(Gly-Pro) (5),cyclo(Gly-Leu)(6), cyclo(Trp-Ana)(7),neoechinulin A(8),cyclo(Pro-Thr)(9).

Effects of drug relief hospital-based AIDS educational methods on drug users.

The objective of this study is to explore a potentially effective training method for the hospital professionals to educate drug users and to enhance their knowledge of HIV infection. One hundred and sixty one subjects, who came from 13 different provinces and were admitted in a drug relief hospital in Beijing, were recruited for this study. The average age of these subjects was 35.

Assay for uric acid level in rat striatum by a reagentless biosensor based on functionalized multi-wall carbon nanotubes with tin oxide.

A novel reagentless amperometric uric acid biosensor based on functionalized multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with tin oxide (SnO2) nanoparticles has been developed. This was successfully applied to assay uric acid levels from an in vivo microdialysis sampling. Compared with unfunctionalized or traditional carboxylic acid (-COOH)-functionalized MWCNTs, the MWCNTs-SnO2 electrode exhibited higher electrocatalytic oxidation to uric acid.

Simultaneous assay of glucose, lactate, L-glutamate and hypoxanthine levels in a rat striatum using enzyme electrodes based on neutral red-doped silica nanoparticles.

An electrochemical method suitable for the simultaneous measurement of cerebral glucose, lactate, L-glutamate and hypoxanthine concentrations from in vivo microdialysis sampling has been successfully performed for the first time using a neutral red-doped silica (NRDS) nanoparticle-derived enzyme sensor system. These uniform NRDS nanoparticles (about 50 +/- 3 nm) were prepared by a water-in-oil (W/O) microemulsion method, and characterized by a TEM technique. The neutral red-doped interior maintained its high electron-activity, while the exterior nano-silica surface prevented the mediator from leaching out into the aqueous solution, and showed high biocompability.