Moisture Distribution and Ice Front Identification in Freezing Soil Using an Optimized Circular Capacitance Sensor.

As the interface between frozen and unfrozen soil, the ice front is not only a spatial location concept, but also a potentially dangerous interface where the mechanical properties of soil could change abruptly. Accurately identifying its spatial position is essential for the safe and efficient execution of large-scale frozen soil engineering projects. Electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) is a promising method for the visualization of frozen soil due to its non-invasive nature, low cast, and rapid response.

Multi-mode resonance of bound states in the continuum in dielectric metasurfaces.

Bound states in the continuum (BIC) represent distinct non-radiative states endowed with infinite lifetime and vanishing resonance linewidth. Introducing asymmetric perturbation to the system can convert true BICs into high quality leaky modes which is useful in many photonic applications. Previously, such perturbation and resonance of interest is only limited to a single factor.

Contact neuro-endoscopy-assisted cerebral hematoma evacuation under direct vision.

Neuro-endoscopic hematoma evacuation is a crucial therapeutic approach for intracerebral hemorrhage. Our research team has developed a portable and contact neuro-endoscopy technique to enhance the conventional endoscopy procedure. compared to traditional endoscopy, this innovative approach involves miniaturizing the lens, light source, and camera system.

Influence of silver doping on pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrogenic effects of nano-titanium dioxide in murine lung.

Silver is usually loaded on nano-titanium dioxide (TiO ) through photodeposition method to enhance visible-light catalytic functions for environment purification. However, little is known about how the toxicity changes after silver doping and how the physicochemical properties of loaded components affect nanocomposite toxicity. In this study, Ag-TiO with different sizes and contents of silver particles were obtained by controlling photodeposition time (PDT) and silver addition amount.

S-methyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide as a characteristic marker for rape royal jelly: Insights from untargeted and targeted metabolomic analysis.

Among the varieties of royal jelly (RJ), often referred to as "liquid gold", rape royal jelly (RRJ) is popular because of its superior nutritional value. However, existing physicochemical indicators fall short in identifying different types of RJ. Utilizing a UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS technique combined with metabolomics, this study was the first to identify S-methyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide (SMCSO) in RRJ, thereby it from other types of RJ.

Characterization of Evodia rutaecarpa (Juss) Benth honey: volatile profile, odor-active compounds and odor properties.

Background: Aroma is one of the most important quality criterion of different honeys and even defines their merchant value. The composition of volatile compounds, especially the characteristic odor-active compounds, contributes significantly to the aroma of honey. Evodia rutaecarpa (Juss) Benth honey (ERBH) is a special honey in China with unique flavor characteristics.

Effects of different floral periods and environmental factors on royal jelly identification by stable isotopes and machine learning analyses during non-migratory beekeeping.

It is crucial to monitor the authenticity of royal jelly (RJ) because the qualities of RJs produced by different floral periods vary substantially. In the context of non-migratory beekeeping, this study aims to identify rape RJ (RRJ), chaste RJ (CRJ), and sesame RJ (SRJ) based on δC, δN, δH, and δO combined with machine learning and to evaluate environmental effect factors. The results showed that δC (-27.

Pavement crack detection based on point cloud data and data fusion.

The three-dimensional detection in point cloud data for pavement cracks has drawn the attention of many researchers recently. In the field of pavement surface point cloud detection, the key tasks include the identification of pavement cracks and the extraction of the location and size information of pavement cracks. Based on the point cloud data of pavement surface, we developed two methods to directly extract and detect cracks, respectively.

Introduction to 'Artificial intelligence in failure analysis of transportation infrastructure and materials'.

Transportation infrastructures, including roads, bridges, tunnels, stations, airports and subways, play fundamental roles in modern society. Engineering failures of transportation infrastructures may result in significant damage to the public. The traditional methods are to monitor, store and analyse the information during the infrastructure and material design, testing, construction, numerical simulations, evaluation, operation, maintenance and preservation, using mechanistic-based, material-based and statistics-based approaches.

Autophagy regulation by inorganic, organic, and organic/inorganic hybrid nanoparticles: Organelle damage, regulation factors, and potential pathways.

The rapid development of nanotechnology requires a more thorough understanding of the potential health effects caused by nanoparticles (NPs). As a programmed cell death, autophagy is one of the biological effects induced by NPs, which maintain intracellular homeostasis by degrading damaged organelles and removing aggregates of defective proteins through lysosomes. Currently, autophagy has been shown to be associated with the development of several diseases.

Inverse design of photonic crystal filters with arbitrary correlation and size for accurate spectrum reconstruction.

Spectroscopic technique based on nanophotonic filters can recover spectral information through compressive sensing theory. The spectral information is encoded by nanophotonic response functions and decoded by computational algorithms. They are generally ultracompact, low in cost, and offer single-shot operation with spectral resolution better than 1 nm.

All dissolvable and transient plasmonic device enabled by nanoimprint lithography.

Dissolvable and transient devices are important for environment-friendly disposal and information security. Similar to transient electronic devices, photonic devices use dissolvable metals such as magnesium and zinc to enable tunable plasmonic resonances. However, functional nanostructured substrates made of a common photoresist and a soft substrate are not dissolvable.

Large-area silicon photonic crystal supporting bound states in the continuum and optical sensing formed by nanoimprint lithography.

Optical bound states in the continuum (BIC) are found in various dielectric, plasmonic and hybrid photonic systems. The localized BIC modes and quasi-BIC resonances can result in a large near-field enhancement and a high-quality factor with low optical loss. They represent a very promising class of ultrasensitive nanophotonic sensors.

Effector Proteins of Type IV Secretion System: Weapons of Used to Fight Against Host Immunity.

is an intracellular bacterial pathogen capable of long-term persistence in the host, resulting in chronic infections in livestock and wildlife. The type IV secretion system (T4SS) is an important virulence factor of and is composed of 12 protein complexes encoded by the VirB operon. T4SS exerts its function through its secreted 15 effector proteins.

Ultrasensitive Detection of Pathogenic by Targeting High Copy Signature Genes.

Bacterial load in clinical samples is relatively low and difficult to detect. Improvements in assay sensitivity will greatly reduce false negative results and contribute to more accurate diagnoses. In the present study, we present a new strategy to improve the sensitivity of a nucleic acid assay by detecting the presence of a multi-copy gene.

Global Landscape of m6A Methylation of Differently Expressed Genes in Muscle Tissue of Liaoyu White Cattle and Simmental Cattle.

Liaoyu white cattle (LYWC) is a local breed in Liaoning Province, China. It has the advantages of grow quickly, high slaughter ratew, high meat quality and strong anti-stress ability. N methyladenosine (m6A) is a methylation modification of N position of RNA adenine, which is an important modification mechanism affecting physiological phenomena.

Lysine Acylation Modification Landscape of Proteome and its Virulent Proteins.

The myriad of posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of proteins that occur in all living cells are crucial to all kinds of biological processes. is an intracellular parasitic bacterium that can cause chronic diseases in both humans and livestock. To reveal the relationship between PTMs and the virulence and survival of , we described the first comprehensive multiple PTM-omics atlas of 2308.

MicroRNA-155 expression with Brucella infection in vitro and in vivo and decreased serum levels of MicroRNA-155 in patients with brucellosis.

Infection with Brucella is characterized by the inhibition of host immune responses. MicroRNA-155 (miR-155) has been implicated in the immune response to many diseases. In this study, its expression during Brucella 16M infection of macrophages and mice was analyzed.

Corrigendum: Global Lysine Crotonylation Alterations of Host Cell Proteins Caused by Effector BspF.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.

Sand creep motion in slow spin-up experiment: An analog of regolith migration on asteroids.

We studied the creep motion of granular materials in a gradient potential field that is created using a slow spin-up experiment device. Natural sand confined in the acrylic box is spun up by a controlled turntable and the surface flows are captured using video-based measurements. Various spin-up accelerations were considered to understand the responses of creep motion on different accelerating paths.

Viscoelastic Damage Characteristics of Asphalt Mixtures Using Fractional Rheology.

The mechanical behavior of asphalt mixtures at high stress levels are characterized by non-linear viscoelasticity and damage evolution. A nonlinear damage constitutive model considering the existence of creep hardening and creep damage mechanisms in the entire creep process is proposed in this study by adopting the fractional rheology theory to characterize the three-stage creep process of mixtures. A series of uniaxial compressive creep tests under various stresses were conducted at different temperatures to verify the model.

Comparison of Different Neural Network Architectures for Plasmonic Inverse Design.

The merge between nanophotonics and a deep neural network has shown unprecedented capability of efficient forward modeling and accurate inverse design if an appropriate network architecture and training method are selected. Commonly, an iterative neural network and a tandem neural network can both be used in the inverse design process, where the latter is well known for tackling the nonuniqueness problem at the expense of more complex architecture. However, we are curious to compare these two networks' performance when they are both applicable.

Ubiquitin-Modified Proteome of SARS-CoV-2-Infected Host Cells Reveals Insights into Virus-Host Interaction and Pathogenesis.

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has posed a serious threat to global public health. The mechanism of pathogenesis and the host immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection are largely unknown. In the present study, we applied a quantitative proteomic technology to identify and quantify the ubiquitination changes that occur in both the virus and the Vero E6 cells during SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Global Lysine Crotonylation Alterations of Host Cell Proteins Caused by Effector BspF.

In spp., the type IV secretion system (T4SS) is essential for bacterial intracellular survival and inhibition of the host innate immune response. The T4SS secretes 15 different effectors to escape host immunity and promote intracellular replication.

Effects of tree species and topography on soil and microbial biomass stoichiometry in Funiu Mountain, China.

Background: Soil and microbial biomass stoichiometry plays an important role in understanding nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. However, studies on soil and microbial biomass stoichiometry in forests are rare. This study investigated the effect of tree species and topographic factors on the ecological stoichiometry of soil and soil microbial biomass.