Photocurrent-polarity switching between methylene blue-loaded liposome and iodine-doped BiOCl for in-situ amplified immunoassay.

This work designed a liposome-mediated photocurrent polarity switching immunosensor depending on the reversed photocurrent of iodine-doped BiOCl (I-BOC) nanoflowers induced by the released methylene blue (MB) for the detection of prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Initially, MB-loaded liposomes as indicators were confined within the microplates to participate in the sandwiched immunoreaction and lysed under the treatment of Triton X-100 to release numerous MB. Owing to the host-guest recognition between β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and MB, the released MB was immobilized on the β-CD-modified I-BOC/FTO electrode and triggered the photocurrent polarity reversal from cathodic photocurrent to anodic photocurrent.

Cation Exchange Reaction-Mediated Photothermal and Polarity-Switchable Photoelectrochemical Dual-Readout Biosensor.

Cation exchange (CE) is a burgeoning method for controlled crystal synthesis; however, its applications in bioanalysis are still in their infancy. Herein, we explored the transformation of ZnInS in properties after the CE reaction with Cu ions; furthermore, the discrepancy was employed to design a dual-readout detection system of photothermal and polarity-switchable photoelectrochemical (PEC) immunoassays to realize reliable detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). In the presence of CEA, the CuO nanoparticles (CuO NPs) employed as dual-signal response probes would bond to the microplates and be acidolyzed by HCl to release Cu, which could replace Zn and In via the CE reaction.

Budesonide, an anti-inflammatory drug, exacerbate clostridioides difficile colitis in mice.

Background And Aims: Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) induces intense acute inflammatory responses through toxin release. A combination of antibiotic and anti-inflammatory agents is sometimes recommended in severe, non-responsive cases, although clinical trials have been inconclusive, raising concerns about potential complications. This study aims to investigate the effect of budesonide and mesalamine in the treatment of CDI in a murine model, by evaluating the combination of fidaxomicin and these anti-inflammatory drugs.

Linked mutations within the pathogenicity locus of increase virulence.

Background: The clinical manifestations of infections range from diarrhoea to pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) and death. We evaluated the association between gene content in clinical isolates and disease severity.

Methods: Fifty-three isolates were subjected to Sanger sequencing, clinical data were used to analyse the association of gene content with disease severity, and 83 non-duplicate isolates were collected to confirm the results.

Self-assembled p-n AgO@BiOS nanoflower heterojunctions for sensitive photoelectrochemical immunoassay.

A new photoelectrochemical immunoassay based on self-assembled p-n AgO@BiOS nanoflower heterojunction was designed and developed for quantitative monitoring of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in biological fluids. Primarily, self-assembled p-n AgO@BiOS nanoflower heterojunctions were served as the photoactive materials and coated onto the surface of electrodes. Subsequently, the glucose oxidase (GOx) was bound to the detection antibody (mAb) labeled gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and then were employed to accomplish a sandwich-like immunoreaction to generate HO on a microplate incubated with monoclonal anti-PSA antibodies.

Inflammatory bowel disease is causally related to irritable bowel syndrome: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are lifelong digestive diseases that severely impact patients' quality of life. The existence of a causal association between IBS and IBD remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the direction of causality between IBD and IBS by quantifying their genome-wide genetic associations and performing bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses.

Ag/MoO-Pd-mediated gasochromic reaction: An efficient dual-mode photoelectrochemical and photothermal immunoassay.

Herein, we presented a dual-readout gasochromic immunosensing platform for accurate and sensitive detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) based on Ag-doped/Pd nanoparticles loaded MoO nanorods (Ag/MoO-Pd). Initially, the presence of analyte CEA would prompt the formation of sandwich-type immunoreaction, accompanied by the introduction of Pt NPs labeled on detection antibody. Upon the addition of NHBH, the product hydrogen (H) will interact with Ag/MoO-Pd as a bridge between the sensing interface and the biological assembly platform.

Smartphone-based photoelectrochemical immunoassay of prostate-specific antigen based on Co-doped BiOS nanosheets.

Portable and on-site detection of target biomarker is of great significance in early diagnosis of diseases. Herein, we designed a portable smartphone-based PEC immunoassay platform to detect prostate specific antigen (PSA) adopting Co-doped BiOS nanosheets as photoactive materials. The fast photocurrent response under visible light and excellent electrical transport rate invest Co-doped BiOS with the property of being effectively excited even under a weak light source.

Preservation of the Innate Immune Response to Infection in Hospitalized Immunocompromised Patients.

Background: infection (CDI) immune response is influenced by the innate and adaptive (humoral) immune systems. Our prior research found attenuated humoral responses to in immunocompromised hosts (ICHs) with CDI. We sought to evaluate whether the innate immune response to CDI was influenced by ICH status.

Bio-inspired nanozyme with ultra-thin Fe-BiOS nanosheets for in-situ amplified photoelectrochemical immunoassay of cancer-related protein.

A Fe-loaded BiOS nanosheet photoanode serving as photoelectric biomonitoring platform for the detection of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) using biologically inspired prussian nanoparticle (PB)-catalyzed biocatalytic precipitation strategy was developed. Primarily, the signal probe PB-mAb obtained by electrostatic adsorption was immobilized on a microplate in the presence of target PSA, and 4-chloro-1-naphthol (4-CN) was oxidized to benzo-4-chloro-hexadienone (4-CD) with the assistance of exogenous hydrogen peroxide, which was generated by a large number of hydroxyl radicals catalyzed by PB. The generated 4-CD showed strongly low conductivity characteristics to burst the photocurrent of highly photoactive Fe-BiOS photoanode.

Integrated solar-powered MEMS-based photoelectrochemical immunoassay for point-of-care testing of cTnI protein.

Considering the fact that acute myocardial infarction has shown a trend towards younger age and has become a major health problem, it is necessary to develop rapid screening devices to meet the needs of community health care. Herein, we developed an artificial neural network-assisted solar-powered photoelectrochemical (SP-PEC) sensing platform for rapid screening of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) protein in the prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by integrating a self-powered photoelectric signal output system with low-cost screen-printed paper electrodes functionalized with ultrathin BiOS (BOS) nanosheets. An integrated solar-powered PEC immunoassay with micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) was constructed without an excitation light source.

A nomogram and risk classification system predicting esophageal stricture after endoscopic submucosal dissection of a large area for early esophageal cancer.

Background And Objectives: Esophageal stricture is a troublesome adverse effect of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early esophageal cancer. However, risk factors of post-ESD esophageal stricture formation are incomprehensive. This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive analysis of independent risk factors and provide predictive tools.

Global trends in research: A bibliometric visualization.

Background: is a member of the gut microbiome, using mucin as sources of carbon, nitrogen, and energy. Since the first discovery of this unique bacterium in 2004, has been extensively studied. It is considered a promising "next-generation beneficial microbe.

Dual-mode colorimetric-photothermal sensing platform of acetylcholinesterase activity based on the peroxidase-like activity of Fe-N-C nanozyme.

Sensors based on colorimetry, fluorescence, and electrochemistry have been widely employed to detect acetylcholinesterase and its inhibitors, however, there are only a minority of strategies for AChE detection based on photothermal method. This work reports a versatile dual-mode colorimetric and photothermal biosensing platform for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) detection and its inhibitor (paraoxon-ethyl, a model of AChE inhibitors) monitor based on Fe-N-C/HO/3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) system. The Fe-N-C with abundant active Fe-Nx sites shows outstanding peroxidase-mimicking activity and can be used to promote the generation of •OH by HO to oxidize TMB.

InO/CdInS heterojunction-based photoelectrochemical immunoassay of carcinoembryonic antigen with enzymatic biocatalytic precipitation for signal amplification.

This work reported a split-type photoelectrochemical (PEC) immunoassay for the detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) based on target-induced biocatalytic precipitation (BCP) by using InO/CdInS heterojunctions as the photosensitizers. The synthesized InO/CdInS heterojunctions improved the efficiency of charge separation and shortened the electron convey path to enhance the photocurrent, thus exhibiting high conductivity and low complexation rates of photogenerated electrons and holes. In the presence of CEA, horseradish peroxidase (HRP) catalyzed 4-chloro-1-naphthol (4-CN) to produce benzo-4-chloro-hexadienone (4-CD) through HO.

Snowflake-like CdS@ZnInS heterojunction-based photocatalyst-electrolyte effect: An innovative mode for photoelectrochemical immunoassay.

Exploiting innovative strategies with signal amplification in photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensing systems to realize sensitive screening of low-abundance proteins has become one of the mainstream research orientations. Herein we reported a new strategy to amplify photocurrent signal employing a photocatalyst-electrolyte effect in alkaline media for the sensitive monitoring of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) using snowflake-liked CdS@ZnInS heterojunction as photosensitizer. In this strategy, both the band-edge position and surface redox reaction process were subtly altered by modulating the alkalinity of electrolyte.

Development and clinical application of a rapid and visual loop-mediated isothermal amplification test for tetM gene in Clostridioides difficile strains cultured from feces.

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to develop a rapid and visual loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay targeting the tetM gene in Clostridioides difficile strains cultured from feces.

Methods: Primers were designed to recognize the tetM gene in C. difficile by LAMP, using turbidity and visual detection.

Photoelectrochemical bioanalysis of microRNA on yolk-in-shell Au@CdS based on the catalytic hairpin assembly-mediated CRISPR-Cas12a system.

This work reports on the proof-of-concept of a photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensor with a horseradish peroxidase-single stranded DNA-encoded magnetic bead (MB-ssDNA-HRP) signal probe cleaved by the catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA)-mediated clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas12a system for the quantification of microRNA (miR-21) by using yolk-in-shell Au@CdS as a photoactive material.

Humoral Immune Response to Toxins A and B in Hospitalized Immunocompromised Patients With Infection.

Background: The humoral immune response to toxins in infection (CDI) is incompletely characterized in immunocompromised hosts (ICHs).

Methods: We conducted a prospective study of hospitalized adults with CDI, with and without immunosuppression (hematologic malignancy, active solid tumor, solid organ or stem cell transplant, inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmune disease, congenital or acquired immunodeficiency, asplenia, chronic receipt of high-dose steroids, or receipt of immunosuppressing medications within 12 months). Serum and stool antibody concentrations of immunoglobulin (Ig)M, IgG, and IgA to toxins A and B at treatment days 0, 3, and 10-14 were compared.

Integrating gut microbiome and host immune markers to understand the pathogenesis of infection.

() infection is the most common cause of healthcare-associated infection and an important cause of morbidity and mortality among hospitalized patients. A comprehensive understanding of infection (CDI) pathogenesis is crucial for disease diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Here, we characterized gut microbial compositions and a broad panel of innate and adaptive immunological markers in 243 well-characterized human subjects (including 187 subjects with both microbiota and immune marker data), who were divided into four phenotype groups: CDI, Asymptomatic Carriage, Non-CDI Diarrhea, and Control.

Fecal Mycobiota Combined With Host Immune Factors Distinguish Clostridioides difficile Infection From Asymptomatic Carriage.

Background & Aims: Although the role of gut microbiota in Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) has been well established, little is known about the role of mycobiota in CDI. Here, we performed mycobiome data analysis in a well-characterized human cohort to evaluate the potential of using gut mycobiota features for CDI diagnosis.

Methods: Stool samples were collected from 118 hospital patients, divided into 3 groups: CDI (n = 58), asymptomatic carriers (Carrier, n = 28), and Control (n = 32).

Sodium Butyrate Ameliorates Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Lupus-Like Mice.

Gut microbiota has a strong influence on the onset and development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and several studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of microbiota-derived butyrate to ameliorate SLE. However, the roles of butyrate on gut microbiota in SLE are not understood. Using MRL/lpr lupus-prone mice, we examined gut microbiota profiles after butyrate treatment by 16S rRNA sequencing.

Absence of Toxemia in Clostridioides difficile Infection: Results from Ultrasensitive Toxin Assay of Serum.

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is caused by Toxins A and B, secreted from pathogenic strains of C. difficle. This infection can vary greatly in symptom severity and in clinical presentation.

Meta-analysis of Virtual-based Chromoendoscopy Compared With Dye-spraying Chromoendoscopy Standard and High-definition White Light Endoscopy in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease at Increased Risk of Colon Cancer.

Background: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an increased risk of colorectal cancer. We sought to assess the comparative efficacy of virtual chromoendoscopy (VCE) vs high definition white light endoscopy (HDWLE) or dye-spraying chromoendoscopy (DCE) through a meta-analysis and rating the quality of evidence.

Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed through February 15, 2019.