Circular mRNA Vaccine against SARS-COV-2 Variants Enabled by Degradable Lipid Nanoparticles.

The emergence of mRNA vaccines offers great promise and a potent platform in combating various diseases, notably COVID-19. Nevertheless, challenges such as inherent instability and potential side effects of current delivery systems underscore the critical need for the advancement of stable, safe, and efficacious mRNA vaccines. In this study, a robust mRNA vaccine (cmRNA-1130) eliciting potent immune activation has been developed from a biodegradable lipid with eight ester bonds in the branched tail (AX4) and synthetic circular mRNA (cmRNA) encoding the trimeric Delta receptor binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.

Nebulized Lipid Nanoparticles Based on Degradable Ionizable Glycerolipid for Potent Pulmonary mRNA Delivery.

As an advanced nucleic acid therapeutical modality, mRNA can express any type of protein in principle and thus holds great potential to prevent and treat various diseases. Despite the success in COVID-19 mRNA vaccines, direct local delivery of mRNA into the lung by inhalation would greatly reinforce the treatment of pulmonary pathogens and diseases. Herein, we developed lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) from degradable ionizable glycerolipids for potent pulmonary mRNA delivery via nebulization.

Superior Capacitive Energy Storage at High Temperature of All-Organic Aromatic Polymer via Enhancing Conjugate Angle between Benzene Rings.

High-temperature polymer capacitors with superior energy storage density are considerable and desirable components in advanced power pulse, electrical, and energy conversion systems. However, due to the π-π conjugated benzene ring structure, carriers migrate through polyimide (PI) chains, reducing discharge energy density () and charge-discharge efficiency (η) at high temperature. Here, the ether (-O-) and isopropylidene (-C(CH)-) groups are purposefully introduced into the position between the benzene rings to increase the conjugate angle in PI chains, and spatial folded chains are designed to impede charge transport at high temperature.

Soil Factors Key to 3,4-Dimethylpyrazole Phosphate (DMPP) Efficacy: EC and SOC Dominate over Biotic Influences.

Nitrification inhibitors like 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) are crucial in agriculture to reduce nitrogen losses. However, the efficacy of DMPP varies in different soils. This microcosm incubation study with six soils was conducted to elucidate how soil abiotic factors (physicochemical properties) and biotic factors (nitrogen-cycling microbial abundance and diversity) influence the performance of DMPP.

A meta-analysis to examine whether nitrification inhibitors work through selectively inhibiting ammonia-oxidizing bacteria.

Nitrification inhibitor (NI) is often claimed to be efficient in mitigating nitrogen (N) losses from agricultural production systems by slowing down nitrification. Increasing evidence suggests that ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) have the genetic potential to produce nitrous oxide (NO) and perform the first step of nitrification, but their contribution to NO and nitrification remains unclear. Furthermore, both AOA and AOB are probably targets for NIs, but a quantitative synthesis is lacking to identify the "indicator microbe" as the best predictor of NI efficiency under different environmental conditions.

Brain delivery of Plk1 inhibitor via chimaeric polypeptide polymersomes for safe and superb treatment of orthotopic glioblastoma.

The chemotherapy toward glioblastoma (GBM) is severely challenged by blood-brain barrier and dose-limiting toxicity. Herein, we adopt brain delivery of Plk1 inhibitor volasertib (Vol), which is highly specific and presents low off-target toxicity, as a new means to treat GBM, for which angiopep-2-docked chimaeric polypeptide polymersome (ANG-CPP) was designed and prepared from poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(L-tyrosine)-b-poly(L-aspartic acid) for loading Vol to its watery interior via electrostatic interactions. ANG-CPP loaded with 13.

Nanoagents Based on Poly(ethylene glycol)-b-Poly(l-thyroxine) Block Copolypeptide for Enhanced Dual-Modality Imaging and Targeted Tumor Radiotherapy.

Future healthcare requires development of novel theranostic agents that are capable of not only enhancing diagnosis and monitoring therapeutic responses but also augmenting therapeutic outcomes. Here, a versatile and stable nanoagent is reported based on poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(l-thyroxine) (PEG-PThy) block copolypeptide for enhanced single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) dual-modality imaging and targeted tumor radiotherapy in vivo. PEG-PThy acquired by polymerization of l-thyroxine-N-carboxyanhydride (Thy-NCA) displays a controlled M , high iodine content of ≈49.

cRGD-decorated biodegradable polytyrosine nanoparticles for robust encapsulation and targeted delivery of doxorubicin to colorectal cancer in vivo.

The clinical success of nanomedicines demands on the development of simple biodegradable nanocarriers that can efficiently and stably encapsulate chemotherapeutics while quickly release the payloads into target cancer cells. Herein, we report that cRGD-decorated biodegradable polytyrosine nanoparticles (cRGD-PTN) boost encapsulation and targeted delivery of doxorubicin (DOX) to colorectal cancer in vivo. The co-assembly of poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(L-tyrosine) (PEG-PTyr) and cRGD-functionalized PEG-PTyr (mol/mol, 80/20) yielded small-sized cRGD-PTN of 70 nm.