Multimodal ultrasound: a non-invasive method for identifying dedifferentiation of papillary thyroid carcinoma during active surveillance.

Objectives: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of multimodal ultrasound in differentiating anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) from papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and to evaluate its capability in detecting thyroid carcinoma (TC) aggressiveness.

Methods: Sixty nude mice were randomly assigned to ATC and PTC groups and injected subcutaneously with KHM-5M and TPC-1 cell lines, respectively. Tumors were analyzed using B-mode ultrasound (B-US), Color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI), elastography, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS).

High Prevalence of 5'UTR Mutations in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer.

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare but one of the most lethal types of human cancer. Although increasing evidence demonstrated that ATC tumors had a high mutation burden, little is known about the aberrancy of the noncoding genome of ATC except the well-investigated () promoter mutations. The mutational statuses of 5' untranslated region (5'UTR), intron 6, and promoters, as well as the promoter and mutations were determined using Sanger sequencing in 28 patients with ATC (19 women and 9 men) with a median (interquartile range) age of 64 (55-71) years, 14 thyroid cancer cell lines and a normal thyroid cell line.