Activation of P2Y1R impedes intestinal mucosa repair during colitis.

Delayed intestinal mucosal healing is one of the pathogenic bases for the recurrence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but how the IBD inflammatory environment impedes intestinal mucosa repair remains unclear. Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) is an endogenous ligand of P2Y1R that is highly produced at sites of inflammation. We herein identify a novel role of ADP to directly facilitate inflammation-induced epithelial permeability, delay wound healing, and disrupt tight junction integrity, and we found that P2Y1R, a receptor preferentially activated by ADP, was significantly upregulated in the colonic mucosa of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients and in colonic epithelial cells of colitis mice.

Extracellular vesicle-circEHD2 promotes the progression of renal cell carcinoma by activating cancer-associated fibroblasts.

Background: The encapsulation of circular RNAs (circRNAs) into extracellular vesicles (EVs) enables their involvement in intercellular communication and exerts an influence on the malignant advancement of various tumors. However, the regulatory role of EVs-circRNA in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains elusive.

Methods: The in vitro and in vivo functional experiments were implemented to measure the effects of circEHD2 on the phenotype of RCC.

Long Noncoding RNA PCED1B-AS1 Promotes the Warburg Effect and Tumorigenesis by Upregulating HIF-1α in Glioblastoma.

Accumulating evidence suggests that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) functions as a critical regulator in cancer biology. Here, we characterized the role of lncRNA PCED1B antisense RNA 1 (PCED1B-AS1) in glioblastoma (GBM). PCED1B-AS1 was notably upregulated in GBM tissues and cell lines and closely associated with larger tumor size and higher grade.

Long non-coding RNA LINC00473 promotes glioma cells proliferation and invasion by impairing miR-637/CDK6 axis.

LINC00473 has been reported to be aberrantly expressed in diverse kinds of human malignancy. However, the function and underlying mechanisms of LINC00473 in glioma still remain unclear. In the present study, LINC00473 was notably elevated in glioma tissues and cell lines.

Growth Differentiation Factor 5 Improves Neurogenesis and Functional Recovery in Adult Mouse Hippocampus Following Traumatic Brain Injury.

The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of growth differentiation factor 5 (GDF-5) on traumatic brain injury (TBI) in mice. We utilized a controlled cortical impact to establish a mouse TBI model, and then stereotaxically administered 25 or 100 ng GDF-5 into the bilateral hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) of each of the animals. Seven days after the injury, some of the animals were sacrificed for immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence examination of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU), Sox-2, doublecortin (DCX) and phosphorylated cAMP response element binding protein (p-CREB).

Association of insulin-like growth factors with lung development in neonatal rats.

To explore the relationship between Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I , -II and lung development in neonatal rats. 80 timed pregnant Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=20): group A (Control group), group B (Dexamethasone (DEX) 1 group), group C (DEX 2 group), group D (retinoic acid (RA) group). 20 pregnant rats in group A, B and D were injected subcutaneously or intraperitoneally with vehicle (NS), DEX, or RA respectively during gestational day 16 to 18.