Chemotherapy-induced cellular senescence promotes stemness of aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma via CCR7/ARHGAP18/IKBα signaling activation.

Background: Resistance to existing therapies is a major cause of treatment failure in patients with refractory and relapsed B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (r/r B-NHL). Therapy-induced senescence (TIS) is one of the most important mechanisms of drug resistance.

Methods: This study used single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze doxorubicin-induced senescent B-NHL cells.

Immune isolation-enabled nanoencapsulation of donor T cells: a promising strategy for mitigating GVHD and treating AML in preclinical models.

Background: In allogeneic-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), donor T cells combat leukemia through the graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect, while they also pose a risk of triggering life-threatening graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) by interacting with recipient cells. The onset of GVHD hinges on the interplay between donor T cells and recipient antigen-presenting cells (APCs), sparking T-cell activation. However, effective methods to balance GVHD and GVL are lacking.

DNT cells mediate resistance to CAR-T cells therapy in a pediatric patient with relapsed and refractory B-ALL.

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells therapy is a milestone achievement in the immunotherapy of relapsed and refractory (R/R) B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). However, some patients treated with CAR-T cells do not achieve complete remission, the mechanisms of which have not been elucidated. In the present study, we report a 9-year-old pediatric patient with refractory B-ALL received a triple infusion of autologous CD19 CAR-T cells therapy after the second relapse.

Lenalidomide Treatment of Isolated Central Nervous System Relapse in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy.

Introduction: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell are effective treatments for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Various forms of intra- and extramedullary relapses have been reported after HSCT and CAR-T-cell therapy for ALL; however, no reports have investigated isolated central nervous system (CNS) relapse after HSCT and CAR-T-cell therapy. Hence, no clinical treatment has been established for such rare patients.

Quartic CAR-T Cell Bridging to Twice Allo-HSCT Therapy in a Patient with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Introduction: Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy is an effective bridging treatment for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, repetitive CAR-T cell therapy and allo-HSCT can only be performed in a few patients because of technical difficulties and patients' physical, economic, and social conditions.

Case Presentation: A 23-year-old female patient with second relapsed B-cell ALL (B-ALL) underwent human-murine chimeric CD19 CAR-T cell therapy twice, human-murine chimeric CD22 CAR-T cell therapy once, and humanized CD19 CAR-T cell therapy once.

SRRM2 may be a potential biomarker and immunotherapy target for multiple myeloma: a real-world study based on flow cytometry detection.

Serine/arginine repetitive matrix 2 (SRRM2) has been implicated in tumorigenesis, cancer development, and drug resistance through aberrant splicing; however, its correlation with multiple myeloma (MM) has not been reported. We investigated the potential of SRRM2 as a biomarker and immunotherapeutic target in MM by examining its expression in MM cells using flow cytometry. Our study included 95 patients with plasma cell disease, including 80 MM cases, and we detected SRRM2 expression on plasma cells and normal blood cells to analyze its relationship with clinical profiles.

[miR-181b-5p promotes cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in human acute myeloid leukemia by targeting PAX9].

Objective To investigate the effects of miR-181b-5p on cells proliferation and apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) by targeting paired box 9 (PAX9). Methods The relationship between expression level of PAX9 and prognosis in AML patients was analyzed by gene expression profiling interactive analysis (GEPIA) database and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Kasumi-1 and AML5 cells were transfected with empty vector (Vector group) or PAX9 (PAX9 group).

Cladribine, cytarabine, and filgrastim based regimen in relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: To ascertain the efficacy and safety of cladribine, cytarabine, and filgrastim-based regimen in relapsed or refractory (R/R) AML patients.

Methods: Clinical studies were searched in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase data. We selected available factors including complete remission (CR), overall response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS) to evaluate the efficacy, and early death (ED), and adverse events to evaluate safety.

Platelet is an unfavorable prognostic biomarker and associated with leukemia stem cells and immunomodulatory factors in acute myeloid leukemia.

Many clinical features, besides cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities, can affect the prognosis of the patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Within this context it remains unclear if and how platelet counts affect the outcome of AML patients. In the present study, we examined the platelet counts at diagnosis in 633 newly diagnosed adult patients with AML from January 2010 to April 2021, and divided the cases into the group with low level of platelet counts (≤30×10/L, n=316) and high level of platelet counts (>30×10/L, n=317) according to the median platelet counts.

Prognostic value of the WT-1 gene combined with recurrent cytogenetic genes in acute myeloid leukemia.

Wilms tumor gene 1 (WT-1 gene) is overexpressed in most patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and is an indicator for minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring, but because the WT-1 gene has relatively low specificity, further studies of the prognostic value of a combination of the WT-1 and other genes are needed. The aim of this study was to explore the prognostic value of the WT-1 gene combined with recurrent cytogenetic genes in AML. In AML, the transcript expression of the WT-1 gene was closely related to leukemic tumor burden and acted as an accurate molecular indicator for MRD detection.

[Effectiveness and Mechanism of Decitabine Maintenance Therapy in Patients with Medium and Low-risk Acute Myeloid Leukemia].

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and mechanism of decitabine maintenance therapy in patients with medium and low-risk acute myeloid leukemia(AML).

Methods: The newly diagnosed medium- and low-risk AML patients in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from December 2016 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Seventy-eight AML patients who were still in remission after consolidation treatment were divided into maintenance treatment group (31 cases) and control group (47 cases).

[A Real-World Study of the Effect of rhG-CSF on Clinical Efficacy and Flow Cytometry MRD after Initial Induction Therapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia].

Objective: To investigate the effect of recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) on the clinical efficacy and flow cytometry (FCM) minimal residual disease (MRD) of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after initial induction therapy in the real world.

Methods: The clinical data of 44 AML patients who were diagnosed for the first time in the Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, and received the initial induction therapy were retrospectively analyzed. According to whether rhG-CSF was used after treatment, these patients were divided into control group and therapy group.

Monocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells But Not Monocytes Predict Poor Prognosis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Objective: Some reports suggest that high absolute monocyte count (AMC) at diagnosis is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but others disagree. Monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (Mo-MDSCs) are immature monocytes. This study aimed to compare the value of monocytes and Mo-MDSCs in predicting the prognosis of AML.

CD4CD25CD127 regulatory T cells associated with the effect of CD19 CAR-T therapy for relapsed/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Background: CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has shown promising clinical outcomes in relapsed/refractory acute B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia (R/R B-ALL) patients. However, some patients did not respond to this therapy or relapsed after remission. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) have shown great importance in promoting tumor escape, but little is known about their role in R/R B-ALL patients with CAR-T therapy.

Elevated M-MDSCs in Circulation Are Indicative of Poor Prognosis in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Patients.

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are defined as negative regulators that suppress the immune response through a variety of mechanisms, which usually cluster in cancer, inflammation, and autoimmune diseases. This study aims to investigate the correlation between M-MDSCs and the clinical features of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients, as well as the possible accumulation mechanism of M-MDSCs. The level of M-MDSCs is significantly increased in newly diagnosed and relapsed DLBCL patients.

Isolated Central Nervous System Blast Crisis of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia with Dasatinib Therapy.

Background: Isolated central nervous system (CNS) blast crisis was uncommon in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).

Methods: The present study reported an interesting case of a CML patient administered with dasatinib presenting with headache and seizure unconsciousness. Imaging investigation, immunophenotyping, bone marrow cytology inspection, chromosomal analysis, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed on a 41-year-old CML patient.

Anti-CD19 CAR-T cell therapy bridge to HSCT decreases the relapse rate and improves the long-term survival of R/R B-ALL patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy improves the remission rate of refractory/relapsed B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (R/R B-ALL) patients, but the relapse rate remains high. Recent studies suggest patients who underwent post-chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (post- HSCT) would achieve durable remission and better survival, but this remains controversial. To this end, we conducted a meta-analysis to assess the role of post-HSCT in R/R B-ALL.

Circulating Monocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Are Elevated and Associated with Poor Prognosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Background: Monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSCs) characterized with the phenotype of CD14HLA-DR have attracted a lot of attention in the field of human tumor immunology. However, little is known about the roles of M-MDSCs in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) as opposed to their multiple roles in solid tumors.

Methods: We examined the frequencies of M-MDSCs identified for CD14HLA-DR by flow cytometry in the peripheral circulating blood of 109 newly diagnosed adult patients with AML and 30 healthy controls (HC).

Influence of patient characteristics on chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CD19 CAR T) therapy has shown high remission rates in patients with refractory/relapsed B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (r/r B-ALL). However, the long-term outcome and the factors that influence the efficacy need further exploration. Here we report the outcome of 51 r/r B-ALL patients from a non-randomized, Phase II clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.

Stress-induced premature senescence activated by the SENEX gene mediates apoptosis resistance of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma via promoting immunosuppressive cells and cytokines.

Background: The underlying cause of relapsed and refractory (r/r) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is usually related to apoptosis resistance to antitumor drugs. The recent years have provided lots of evidence that tumor cells may undergo stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS) in response to chemotherapy, but how SIPS affects lymphoma cells remains inconclusive.

Methods: Fifty-two DLBCL patients, including 6 newly diagnosed (ND), 17 complete remissions (CR), and 29 (r/r), were enrolled in this study.

The Predictive Value of Potential Hematological Biomarkers in Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Background: To explore the predictive value of potential hematological biomarkers in acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Methods: A total of 309 patients suffering ACS from June 2014 to June 2016 in The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University were enrolled. The clinical data was studied retrospectively.

Stress-Induced Premature Senescence Promotes Proliferation by Activating the and p16/Retinoblastoma (Rb) Pathway in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.

Objective: Cellular senescence has been thought to be an important barrier to tumor formation. Recent studies have shown that stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS) can promote partial tumor invasion, but how SIPS affects diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) remains inconclusive. This study aimed to address that issue.