Gut microbiota profiles of sympatric snub-nosed monkeys and macaques in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau show influence of phylogeny over diet.

The unique environment of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau provides a great opportunity to study how primate intestinal microorganisms adapt to ecosystems. The 16S rRNA gene amplicon and metagenome analysis were conducted to investigate the correlation between gut microbiota in primates and other sympatric animal species living between 3600 and 4500 m asl. Results showed that within the same geographical environment, Macaca mulatta and Rhinopithecus bieti exhibited a gut microbiome composition similar to that of Tibetan people, influenced by genetic evolution of host, while significantly differing from other distantly related animals.

Nitrate-Anion-Induced Formation of a 2D Metal-Organic Framework with an Unconventional Kagomé Lattice Exhibiting Methanol-Mediated Ketone Catalysis.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with kagomé lattice are attractive for their unique physical and chemical properties, but little attention has been paid to their catalytic properties. Herein, we report a 2D MOF based on a phosphonato-amino-carboxylate ligand (NaHL), i. e.

ALKBH5-mediated N6-methyladenosine modification of HO-1 mRNA regulates ferroptosis in cobalt-induced neurodegenerative damage.

The utilization of Cobalt (Co) has surged due to it is critical role in renewable energy technologies and other high-tech applications. Concurrently, the potential health risks associated with Co exposure have raised concerns. Previous studies, including our own, have shown that Co can impair learn and memory functions as an epigenetic hazard, even at low concentrations.

Understanding of Lanthanide-Doped Core-Shell Structure at the Nanoscale Level.

The groundbreaking development of lanthanide-doped core-shell nanostructures have successfully achieved precise optical tuning of rare-earth nanocrystals, leading to significant improvements in energy transfer efficiency and facilitating multifunctional integration. Exploring the atomic-level structural, physical, and optical properties of rare-earth core-shell nanocrystals is essential for advancing our understanding of their fundamental principles and driving the development of emerging applications. However, our knowledge of the atomic-level structural details of rare-earth nanocrystal core-shell structures remains limited.

Luminescence enhancement through co-sensitization in lanthanide composites for efficient photocatalysis.

Lanthanide-doped nanocrystals that convert near-infrared (NIR) irradiation into shorter wavelength emission (ultraviolet-C) offer many exciting opportunities for biomedicine, bioimaging, and environmental catalysis. However, developing lanthanide-doped nanocrystals with high UVC brightness for efficient photocatalysis is a formidable challenge due to the complexity of the multiphoton process. Here, we report a series of heterogeneous core-multishell structures based on a co-sensitization strategy with multi-band enhanced emission profiles under 980 nm excitation.

Systematical identification of key genes and regulatory genetic variants associated with prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) stands as a highly lethal malignancy characterized by pronounced recurrence and metastasis, resulting in a bleak 5-year survival rate. Despite extensive investigations, encompassing genome-wide association studies, the identification of robust prognostic markers has remained elusive. In this study, leveraging four independent data sets comprising 404 ESCC patients, we conducted a systematic analysis to unveil pivotal genes influencing overall survival.

Neurotoxic effects of heavy metal pollutants in the environment: Focusing on epigenetic mechanisms.

The pollution of heavy metals (HMs) in the environment is a significant global environmental issue, characterized by its extensive distribution, severe contamination, and profound ecological impacts. Excessive exposure to heavy metal pollutants can damage the nervous system. However, the mechanisms underlying the neurotoxicity of most heavy metals are not completely understood.

Measurement of enzyme activity of insoluble substrates based on ordered porous layer interferometry and the application in evaluation of thrombolytic drugs.

The development of innovative methods for real-time surveillance of enzymatic activity determination processes is essential, particularly for insoluble substrate enzymatic assessments. In this work, a novel method for enzymatic activity determination was devised by assembling a 190 nm silica colloidal crystal (SCC) film onto a glass slide, coupled with Ordered Porous Layer Interferometry (OPLI) technology. By fixing the substrate of the enzyme on the surface of the silica sphere, a solid-liquid interface can be formed for monitoring enzymatic activity.

Lipidomic analysis of facial skin surface lipids in acne in young women.

Background: Alterations in the secretion and composition of skin surface lipids (SSL) are closely associated with the development of acne. Lipidomics is a useful tool to analyse the SSL of different types of acne. Our previous study found that phosphatidylserine and triacylglycerols dominate SSL changes in male acne and infantile acne, respectively.

Molecular evolution of Toll-like receptors in rodents.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs), the key sensor molecules in vertebrates, trigger the innate immunity and prime the adaptive immune system. The TLR family of rodents, the largest order of mammals, typically contains 13 TLR genes. However, a clear picture of the evolution of the rodent TLR family has not yet emerged and the TLR evolutionary patterns are unclear in rodent clades.

Characterization of a reassortant H11N9 subtype avian influenza virus isolated from spot-billed duck in China.

H11N9 viruses in wild birds might have provided the NA gene of human H7N9 virus in early 2013 in China, which evolved with highly pathogenic strains in 2017 and caused severe fatalities. To investigate the prevalence and evolution of the H11N9 influenza viruses, 16,781 samples were collected and analyzed during 2016-2020. As a result, a novel strain of influenza A (H11N9) virus with several characteristics that increase virulence was isolated.

The deficiency of N6-methyladenosine demethylase ALKBH5 enhances the neurodegenerative damage induced by cobalt.

Cobalt exposure, even at low concentrations, induces neurodegenerative damage, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The specific underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Our previous study demonstrated that mA methylation alteration is involved in cobalt-induced neurodegenerative damage, such as in AD.

A voltammetric sensor for bisphenol A using gold nanochains and carbon nanotubes.

Gold nanochains (AuNCs) were prepared, and this novel material was combined with carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (cMWCNTs) to be a nanocomposite for the first time. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-Vis spectra were used to characterize the successful preparation of AuNCs and AuNC-cMWCNT composite. Based on this hybrid material, a voltammetric sensor of bisphenol A (BPA) was established.

Vocal signals with different social or non-social contexts in two wild rodent species (Mus caroli and Rattus losea).

The ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) of rodents play a substantial role in the communication and interaction between individuals; exhibit a high degree of complexity; and are influenced by a multitude of developmental, environmental, and phylogenetic factors. The functions of USVs are mainly studied in laboratory mice or rats. However, the behavioral relevance of USVs in wild rodents is poorly studied.

Alternative splicing signatures of congenital heart disease and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes from congenital heart disease patients.

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most serious congenital defect in newborns with higher mortality. Alternative splicing (AS) plays an essential role in numerous heart diseases. However, our understanding of the link between mRNA splicing and CHD in humans is limited.

Circ_0000775 promotes the migration, invasion and EMT of hepatic carcinoma cells by recruiting IGF2BP2 to stabilize CDC27.

Background: Hepatic carcinoma (HC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death, and the incidence keeps high in the world. The vital role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in HC development has been revealed to some extent. Circ_0000775, a novel circRNA, has never been thoroughly studied regarding HC.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related genes in coronary artery disease.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is critical in the development of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, landscapes of EMT-related genes have not been fully established in CAD. We identified the differentially expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) from the Gene Expression Omnibus database.

Intensifying Upconverted Ultraviolet Emission towards Efficient Reactive Oxygen Species Generation.

Multiphoton upconversion that can convert near-infrared irradiation into ultraviolet emission offers many unique opportunities for photocatalysis and phototherapy. However, the high-lying excited states of lanthanide emitters are often quenched by the interior lattice defects and deleterious interactions among different lanthanides, resulting in weak ultraviolet emission. Here, we describe a novel excitation energy lock-in approach to boost ultraviolet upconversion emission in a new class of multilayer core-shell nanoparticles with a gadolinium-rich core domain.

Paraquat-induced oxidative stress regulates N6-methyladenosine (mA) modification of long noncoding RNAs in Neuro-2a cells.

Paraquat (PQ) is a ubiquitously applied herbicide. Long-term PQ exposure with low dose has been reported to induce abnormal expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in brain nerve cells, which could further lead to Parkinson's disease (PD). N6-methyladenosine (mA) modification has recently been identified as having an important role in regulating the function of lncRNAs.

Blockade of the P2Y2 Receptor Attenuates Alcoholic Liver Inflammation by Targeting the EGFR-ERK1/2 Signaling Pathway.

Purpose: It is well known that inflammation plays a key role in complex pathological progressions of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). To date, effective therapy for ALD is lacking. P2Y2 receptor (P2Y2R), a G protein-coupled P2Y purinergic receptor, represents a novel pharmacological target in many inflammations.

[Effects of Earthworms/Biochar on Bacterial Diversity and Community in As-contaminated Red Soil].

Cerium-manganese modified biochar (MBC) combined with earthworms ( can immobilize arsenic (As) in red soils. In this study, high-throughput sequencing technology was used to explore the combined effects of MBC and on bacterial diversity and community structure in As-contaminated red soils. The results showed that the single earthworm treatment had the highest diversity index, whereas the diversity index decreased in the single biochar or MBC treatment, indicating that earthworms can boost the growth of bacteria in the soil, and the addition of biochar/MBC all decreased the bacterial diversity of soils.

Simultaneous ultraviolet-C and near-infrared enhancement in heterogeneous lanthanide nanocrystals.

Lanthanide-doped nanocrystals that simultaneously convert near-infrared (NIR) irradiation into emission of shorter (ultraviolet-C, UVC) and longer wavelengths (NIR) offer many exciting opportunities for application in drug release, photodynamic therapy, deep-tissue bioimaging, and solid-state lasing. However, a formidable challenge is the development of lanthanide-doped nanocrystals with efficient UVC and NIR emissions simultaneously due to their low conversion efficiency. Here, we report a dye-sensitized heterogeneous core-multishell architecture with enhanced UVC emission and NIR emission under 793 nm excitation.

Luminescent Lifetime Regulation of Lanthanide-Doped Nanoparticles for Biosensing.

Lanthanide-doped nanoparticles possess numerous advantages including tunable luminescence emission, narrow peak width and excellent optical and thermal stability, especially concerning the long lifetime from microseconds to milliseconds. Differing from other shorter-lifetime fluorescent nanomaterials, the long lifetime of lanthanide-doped nanomaterials is independent with background fluorescence interference and biological tissue depth. This review presents the recent advances in approaches to regulating the lifetime and applications of bioimaging and biodetection.

N6-methyladenosine(mA) demethylase FTO regulates cellular apoptosis following cobalt-induced oxidative stress.

Cobalt is an environmental toxicant that is known to damage human health. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying cobalt-induced neurotoxicity have not been elucidated in detail. In the present research, we used human neuroglioma H4 cells as an in vitro model.