Novel metal oxides partially derived perovskite-structured hydroxides for room temperature trace NO gas sensors under UV irradiation.

Perovskite-structured materials are used as gas-sensitive materials due to their wide bandgap and controllable morphology, but large initial resistance and low response limit their development. In this work, ZnSn(OH)/ZnO composites derived from ZnO were synthesized by hydrothermal method. The gas-sensitive results show that all sensors show significantly improved response to NO under UV irradiation compared with without UV irradiation.

LaF@SiO yolk-shell heterostructure nanofiber-modified separator enhances the long-cycling performance of lithium-sulfur batteries.

High-energy-density lithium-sulfur (Li-S) cells are identified as one of the most prospective next-generation energy storage appliances owing to their numerous advantages. Nonetheless, their widespread applications are restricted by the unwanted shuttling effect and tardy conversion reaction kinetics of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). To address these puzzles, we present an innovative strategy for the one-pot synthesis of LaF@SiO yolk-shell heterostructure nanofibers (YSHNFs) through a straightforward uniaxial electrospinning process coupled with fluorination, avoiding the complexities of traditional methods.

Soluble Proteins From Conventional and Organic Eggshell Membranes With Different Proteomic Profiles Show Similar In Vitro Biofunctions.

The eggshell membrane (ESM), resembling the extracellular matrix (ECM), acts as a protective barrier against bacterial invasion and offers various biofunctions due to its porous structure and protein-rich composition, such as ovalbumin, ovotransferrin, collagen, soluble protein, and antimicrobial proteins. However, the structure of ESM primarily comprises disulfide bonds and heterochains, which poses a challenge for protein solubilization/extraction. Therefore, the method of dissolving and extracting bioactive protein components from ESM has significant potential value and importance for exploring the reuse of egg waste and environmental protection.

Enhancing stability and physiological activity of Aronia melanocarpa L. anthocyanin by polysaccharides.

Background: The existence of multiple phenolic hydroxyl groups in anthocyanins makes their structure unstable and leads to the degradation of anthocyanins. At present, there are few studies on the stability and physiological activity of Aronia melanocarpa L. anthocyanins by different polysaccharides.

Advanced soft tissue visualization in conjunction with bone structures using contrast-enhanced micro-CT.

Purpose: Micro-computed tomography (CT) analysis of soft tissues alongside bone remains challenging due to significant differences in X-ray absorption, preventing spatial inspection of bone remodeling including the cellular intricacies of mineralized tissues in developmental biology and pathology. The goal was to develop a protocol for contrast-enhanced micro-CT imaging that effectively visualizes soft tissues and cells in conjunction with bone while minimizing bone attenuation by decalcification.

Approach: Murine femur samples were decalcified in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and treated with three different contrast agents: (i) iodine in ethanol, (ii) phosphotungstic acid in water, and (iii) Lugol's iodine.

Isolated Liner Exchange and Bone Grafting for the Management of Periacetabular Osteolysis in Well-Fixed Cups with an Intact Locking Mechanism at Short-Term to Medium-Term Follow-Up: A Systematic Review.

Polyethylene liner exchange and bone grafting is an effective surgical option for the management of periacetabular osteolysis following total hip arthroplasty with well-fixed cups and intact liner locking mechanisms. We aimed to evaluate the revision-free survivorship and radiographic lesion progression after polyethylene liner exchange and bone grafting is performed for periacetabular osteolysis. A systematic review of the literature was performed.

Improved visualisation of ACP-engineered osteoblastic spheroids: a comparative study of contrast-enhanced micro-CT and traditional imaging techniques.

This study investigates osteoblastic cell spheroid cultivation methods, exploring flat-bottom, U-bottom, and rotary flask techniques with and without amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) supplementation to replicate the 3D bone tissue microenvironment. ACP particles derived from eggshell waste exhibit enhanced osteogenic activity in 3D models. However, representative imaging of intricate 3D tissue-engineered constructs poses challenges in conventional imaging techniques due to notable scattering and absorption effects in light microscopy, and hence limited penetration depth.

[Structural Characteristics of Phytoplankton Communities and Its Relationship with Environmental Factors in Different Habitats of Hedi Reservoir].

To explore the characteristics of phytoplankton communities and their relationship with environmental factors in different habitats of Hedi Reservoir, the inflow rivers, estuaries, and reservoir area of Hedi Reservoir were investigated in February （recession period）, April （flood period）, July （flood period）, and December （recession period） of 2022. During the investigation, 231 species of phytoplankton that belong to seven phyla were identified, and the cell density of phytoplankton ranged from 2.94 × 10 - 8.

Tunable electronic and optical properties of BAs/InS heterojunction based on first-principles calculations.

The geometric structure, electronic properties, and optical characteristics of BAs/InS heterostructures are investigated in the present study through the first-principles calculations of Density Functional Theory. The analysis shows that H1-stacking BAs/InS heterostructures with an interlayer distance of 3.6 Å have excellent stability compared with monolayer materials.

Network meta-analysis on the efficacy and safety of management for resectable stage IIIA-N2 non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: There is controversy regarding the optimal treatment for stage IIIA-N2 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We aimed to address this crucial issue through a frequentist network meta-analysis.

Methods: We conducted a literature database search for randomized controlled trials comparing the following treatment modalities before March 1st, 2023: surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and various combinations of these treatments.

Single-Atom Iridium Nanozyme-Based Persistent Luminescence Nanoparticles for Multimodal Imaging-Guided Combination Tumor Therapy.

Persistent luminescence nanoparticles (PLNPs) can achieve autofluorescence-free afterglow imaging, while near-infrared (NIR) emission realizes deep tissue imaging. Nanozymes integrate the merits of nanomaterials and enzyme-mimicking activities with simple preparation. Here PLNPs are prepared of ZnGaGeO:Cr with NIR emission at 700 nm.

3D micro-CT and O-PTIR spectroscopy bring new understanding of the influence of filler content in dental resin composites.

Background: Dental resin composites' performance is intricately linked to their polymerisation shrinkage characteristics. This study compares polymerisation shrinkage using advanced 3D micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and traditional 2D linear assessments. It delves into the crucial role of filler content on shrinkage and the degree of conversion in dental resin composites, providing valuable insights for the field.

Emerging technologies for the evaluation of spatio-temporal polymerisation changes in flowable vs. sculptable dental resin-based composites.

Background: This study presents a novel multi-technique approach that integrates micro-CT and optical photothermal infrared spectroscopy (O-PTIR) to evaluate polymerisation differences, so-called spatio-temporal polymerisation properties, between flowable and sculptable dental resin-based composites.

Methods: Ten commercially available dental composites were investigated, including flowable and sculptable counterparts from the same manufacturer. Eight parameters were evaluated: short-term polymerisation characteristics (degree of conversion after 5 min, maximum polymerisation rate, time to reach maximum polymerisation rate) was measured using ATR-FTIR with real-time monitoring; changes in the degree of conversion with depth were evaluated with O-PTIR, 3D visualisation of shrinkage patterns, overall volumetric shrinkage, depth-specific shrinkage, and porosity were measured using micro-CT; surface morphology with detailed measurements of elemental composition was characterised using SEM/EDX; light transmittance was analysed with a NIST-referenced spectrometer.

The role of collagen and crystallinity in the physicochemical properties of naturally derived bone grafts.

Xenografts are commonly used for bone regeneration in dental and orthopaedic domains to repair bone voids and other defects. The first-generation xenografts were made through sintering, which deproteinizes them and alters their crystallinity, while later xenografts are produced using cold-temperature chemical treatments to maintain the structural collagen phase. However, the impact of collagen and the crystalline phase on physicochemical properties have not been elucidated.

A lipidomic and volatilomic approach to map the lipid profile and related volatile compounds in roasted quail meat using circulating non-fried roast technology.

Lipids play a significant role in aroma formation. However, lipid variations and their impact on aroma during the processing of quail meat remain unknown. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis of lipids and aroma compounds was conducted in circulating non-fried roasted quail meat.

Exploring the effects of whey protein components on the interaction and stability of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside.

Background: Anthocyanins are susceptible to degradation due to external factors. Despite the potential for improved anthocyanin stability with whey protein isolate (WPI), the specific effects of individual components within WPI on the stability of anthocyanins have yet to be studied extensively. This study investigated the interaction of WPI, β-lactoglobulin (β-Lg), bovine serum albumin (BSA), and lactoferrin (LF) with cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G), and also considered their effects on stability.

Neural Operator Variational Inference Based on Regularized Stein Discrepancy for Deep Gaussian Processes.

Deep Gaussian process (DGP) models offer a powerful nonparametric approach for Bayesian inference, but exact inference is typically intractable, motivating the use of various approximations. However, existing approaches, such as mean-field Gaussian assumptions, limit the expressiveness and efficacy of DGP models, while stochastic approximation can be computationally expensive. To tackle these challenges, we introduce neural operator variational inference (NOVI) for DGPs.

Quality of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Information on the Chinese Internet: Website Evaluation Study.

Background: The development of internet technology has greatly increased the ability of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to obtain health information, giving patients more initiative in the patient-physician decision-making process. However, concerns about the quality of website health information will affect the enthusiasm of patients' website search behavior. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the current situation of Chinese internet information on COPD.

Relationship between thrombus composition and prognosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke undergoing mechanical thrombectomy.

Background: Mechanical thrombectomy has emerged as the primary endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke. Numerous studies have investigated the relationship between thrombus composition and factors such as pharmacological thrombolysis, stroke etiology, mechanical thrombectomy, and radiological imaging. However, limited research has explored the association between thrombus composition and clinical outcomes.

FGF13 deficiency ameliorates calcium signaling abnormality in heart failure by regulating microtubule stability.

Calcium signaling abnormality in cardiomyocytes, as a key mechanism, is closely associated with developing heart failure. Fibroblast growth factor 13 (FGF13) demonstrates important regulatory roles in the heart, but its association with cardiac calcium signaling in heart failure remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of FGF13 on calcium mishandling in heart failure.

Recent advances of small molecule detection in nanopore sensing.

Due to its advantages of label-free and highly sensitive, the resistive pulse sensing with a nanopore has recently become even more potent for the discrimination of analytes in single molecule level. Generally, a transient interruption of ion current originated from the captured molecule passing through a nanopore will provide the rich information on the structure, charge and translocation dynamics of the analytes. Therefore, nanopore sensors have been widely used in the fields of DNA sequencing, protein recognition, and the portable detection of varied macromolecules and particles.