Impact of Molecular Chlorine Production from Aerosol Iron Photochemistry on Atmospheric Oxidative Capacity in North China.

Elevated levels of atmospheric molecular chlorine (Cl) have been observed during the daytime in recent field studies in China but could not be explained by the current chlorine chemistry mechanisms in models. Here, we propose a Cl formation mechanism initiated by aerosol iron photochemistry to explain daytime Cl formation. We implement this mechanism into the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model and investigate its impacts on the atmospheric composition in wintertime North China where high levels of Cl as well as aerosol chloride and iron were observed.

Consecutive soybean (Glycine max) planting and covering improve acidified tea garden soil.

Planting soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) in tea gardens decreased soil pH in theory but increased it in practice.

Yap1-2 Isoform Is the Primary Mediator in TGF-β1 Induced EMT in Pancreatic Cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most aggressive human malignancy and intrinsically resistant to conventional therapies. YAP1, as a key downstream effector of the Hippo pathway, plays an important role in tumorigenesis including PDAC. Alternative mRNA splicing of YAP1 results in at least 8 protein isoforms, which are divided into two subgroups (YAP1-1 and YAP1-2) based on the presence of either a single or double WW domains.

Erratum: The WW domains dictate isoform-specific regulation of YAP1 stability and pancreatic cancer cell malignancy: Erratum.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7150/thno.42795.

Effects of Sea Salt Aerosol Emissions for Marine Cloud Brightening on Atmospheric Chemistry: Implications for Radiative Forcing.

Marine cloud brightening (MCB) is proposed to offset global warming by emitting sea salt aerosols to the tropical marine boundary layer, which increases aerosol and cloud albedo. Sea salt aerosol is the main source of tropospheric reactive chlorine (Cl ) and bromine (Br ). The effects of additional sea salt on atmospheric chemistry have not been explored.

The WW domains dictate isoform-specific regulation of YAP1 stability and pancreatic cancer cell malignancy.

YAP1 is a key mediator of the Hippo pathway capable of exerting a profound effect on organ size as well as tumorigenesis. Alternative mRNA splicing of human YAP1 results in at least 8 protein isoforms that differ within the 2 WW motif and the transcriptional activation domain. : To investigate the isoform-specific differences in their mRNA expression, transcriptional activity and tumor-promoting function, we cloned cDNA encoding all of the eight YAP1 protein isoforms.

Acid-induced unfolding mechanism of recombinant human endostatin.

Endostatin is a potent angiogenesis inhibitor. The structure of endostatin is unique in that its secondary structure is mainly irregular loops and beta-sheets and contains only a small fraction of alpha-helices with two pairs of disulfide bonds in a nested pattern. We choose human endostatin as a model system to study the folding mechanism of this kind.