Bacteriophage-derived depolymerase: a review on prospective antibacterial agents to combat Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative bacterium that colonizes mucosal surfaces and is a common cause of nosocomial infections. The emergence of antimicrobial resistance in K. pneumoniae, particularly carbapenem-resistant strains, poses a significant threat to human health, with high mortality rates and healthcare costs.

Preparation and structure-function relationships of homogalacturonan-rich and rhamnogalacturonan-I rich pectin: A review.

Pectin has multiple functions and is widely used in the food industry. It is an acidic heteropolysaccharide found in most plants, mainly consisting of two regions: homogalacturonan (HG) and rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I). HG and RG-I rich pectin have unique structures and functional properties, which can be obtained through specific preparation methods.

Risk factors for growth retardation in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a case-control study.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the role of various factors contributing to growth retardation, including nutritional intake, disease duration, and treatment history, and further identify key risk factors that may influence growth outcomes in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).

Methods: Clinical data from 155 JIA children who were treated at our hospital between January 2019 and December 2022 were analyzed. The children were divided into the growth retardation group (n = 40) and the non-growth retardation group (n = 115) based on the height Z-score < -2 SD or not.

Review on application of silk fibroin hydrogels in the management of wound healing.

Wounds are regarded as disruptions in the integrity of human skin tissues, and the process of wound healing is often characterized as protracted and complex, primarily due to the potential infection or inflammation caused by microorganisms. The quest for innovative solutions that accelerate wound healing while prioritizing patient safety and comfort has emerged as a focal point. Within this pursuit, silkworm silk fibroin-a natural polymer extracted from silk cocoons-exhibits a distinctive combination of properties including biocompatibility, biodegradability, superior mechanical strength, water absorption, and low immunogenicity, which align closely with the demands of contemporary wound care.

Modular Synthesis of -Difluorotetrahydrocarbazolone Scaffolds via Copper-Catalyzed Cascade Reaction of Bromodifluoroacetyl Indoles and Olefins.

A novel and efficient modular synthesis of -difluorotetrahydrocarbazolone scaffolds via copper-catalyzed radical cascade cyclization of bromodifluoroacetyl indoles and olefins has been reported. This operationally simple protocol provides straightforward and practical access to a series of privileged -difluorotetrahydrocarbazolone scaffolds from readily available starting materials, with the feature of broad functional group tolerance and mild reaction conditions. Moreover, the method could be used for the late-stage functionalization of bioactive molecules, which opens up the possibility for practical applications.

Acupuncture and moxibustion intervention in functional dyspepsia: Gastric and duodenal regulation.

Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a brain-gut interaction disorder located in the stomach and duodenum, which has complex pathophysiological mechanisms, and there is no effective treatment for FD. Acupuncture and moxibustion have been proven to have definite and significant efficacy on FD. Focusing on the affected area and combined with the potential pathophysiology of FD, here we discuss the possible mechanisms of acupuncture and moxibustion in treating FD to guide future clinical and experimental research.

Cotransport of 6PPD-Q and pristine/aged microplastics in porous media: An insight based on transport forms and mechanisms.

The environmental fate and risks of microplastics (MPs) and their associated contaminants have attracted increasing concern in recent years. In this study, the cotransport of six kinds of pristine and aged MPs and the antiager ozonation product N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine-quinone (6PPD-Q) were investigated via a series of batch and transport experiments, and characteristic analysis (e.g.

Construction of cyclobutane-fused tetracyclic skeletons substrate-dependent EnT-enabled dearomative [2+2] cycloaddition of benzofurans (benzothiophenes)/maleimides.

Herein, a novel and facile organic photosensitizer (thioxanthone)-mediated energy-transfer-enabled (EnT-enabled) dearomative [2+2] cycloaddition of aromatic heterocycles/maleimides for green synthesis of cyclobutane-fused polycyclic skeletons is reported. Mechanistic investigations revealed that different EnT pathways by triplet thioxanthone were initiated when different aromatic heterocycles participated in the reaction, giving the corresponding excited intermediates, which underwent the subsequent intermolecular [2+2] cycloaddition to access the desired highly functionalized cyclobutane-fused polycyclic skeletons.

Photomediated Hydro(deutero)acylation of Olefins by Decarboxylative Addition of α-Oxocarboxylic Acids.

Acyl radicals have been generated from the decarboxylation of α-oxocarboxylic acids by using a readily accessible organic pyrimidopteridine photoredox catalyst under ultraviolet-A (UV-A) light irradiation. These reactive acyl radicals were smoothly added to olefins such as styrenes and diverse Michael acceptors, with the assistance of HO/DO as hydrogen donors, enabling easy access to a diverse range of ketones/β-deuterio ketones. A wide range of α-oxocarboxylic acids are compatible with this reaction, which shows a reliable, atom-economical, and eco-friendly protocol.

Siloxane-Modified UV-Curable Castor-Oil-Based Waterborne Polyurethane Superhydrophobic Coatings.

In recent years, superhydrophobic coatings with self-cleaning abilities have attracted considerable attention. In this study, we introduced hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (OH-PDMS) into castor-oil-based waterborne polyurethanes and synthesized silicone-modified castor-oil-based UV-curable waterborne polyurethanes (SCWPU). Further, we identified the optimal amount of OH-PDMS to be added and introduced different amounts of micro- and nanoscale heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane-modified SiO particles (FAS-SiO) to prepare rough-surface SCWPU coatings with dense micro- and nanostructures, thus realizing waterborne superhydrophobic coatings.

Lactobacillus melliventris promotes hive productivity and immune functionality in Bombus terrestris performance in the greenhouse.

Bumblebees are important pollinators in agricultural ecosystems, but their abundance is declining globally. There is an urgent need to protect bumblebee health and their pollination services. Bumblebees possess specialized gut microbiota with potential to be used as probiotics to help defend at-risk bumblebee populations.

Multimodal spatiotemporal phenotyping of human retinal organoid development.

Organoids generated from human pluripotent stem cells provide experimental systems to study development and disease, but quantitative measurements across different spatial scales and molecular modalities are lacking. In this study, we generated multiplexed protein maps over a retinal organoid time course and primary adult human retinal tissue. We developed a toolkit to visualize progenitor and neuron location, the spatial arrangements of extracellular and subcellular components and global patterning in each organoid and primary tissue.

Auricular therapy for primary dysmenorrhea: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is a common problem among women. It is defined as any degree of perceived cramping pain during menstruation without any evident pathology. Auricular therapy (AT), a widely used alternative medical treatment method as part of traditional Chinese acupuncture, lacks reliable evidence to support its safety and effectiveness for PD.

Application of fMRI techniques in the study of acupuncture for gynecological diseases: A review.

Acupuncture therapy, as a characteristic of Chinese medical therapy, has a long history and remarkable effect in the treatment of gynecological diseases, and so far, it has formed a complete treatment system, but its efficacy and mechanism of action remain unclear. Functional magnetic resonance imaging, a visual technique, provides an objective basis for the study of acupuncture in the treatment of gynecological diseases. This paper summarizes the current status of acupuncture in the treatment of gynecological diseases and summarizes the progress of functional magnetic resonance imaging research related to acupuncture in the treatment of gynecological diseases in the past 10 years, mainly including the common types of gynecological diseases in acupuncture clinics, and the commonly used acupuncture points.

EPIREGULIN creates a developmental niche for spatially organized human intestinal enteroids.

Epithelial organoids derived from intestinal tissue, called enteroids, recapitulate many aspects of the organ in vitro and can be used for biological discovery, personalized medicine, and drug development. Here, we interrogated the cell signaling environment within the developing human intestine to identify niche cues that may be important for epithelial development and homeostasis. We identified an EGF family member, EPIREGULIN (EREG), which is robustly expressed in the developing human crypt.

Acupuncture for Crohn's disease: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Background: Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic recurrent gastrointestinal disorder with a high incidence of inflammation due to intestinal inflammation. Acupuncture is commonly used as an alternative therapy for patients with CD. The aim of this study was to design a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol, to provide guidance for the establishment of systematic evaluation and meta-analysis on the efficacy and safety of acupuncture on CD.

Pectin oligosaccharides improved lipid metabolism in white adipose tissue of high-fat diet fed mice.

Unlabelled: Impacts of pectin oligosaccharide (POS) got from hawthorn fruitage on adiponectin signaling pathway and white adipose metabolism in mice fed with high-fat control. The results showed that POS significantly inhibited the levels of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6, and down-regulated expression of CD68. POS dramatically reduced gene expression contents of fatty acid composite concerning enzymes ACC and FAS, as well as TG synthesis-related enzymes SCD-1 and DGAT1 as compared to a high-fat group (HFC).

[Effect of moxibustion combined with acupoint catgut embedding on IL-6/JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway in colonic mucosa of ulcerative colitis rats].

Objective: To observe the effect of moxibustion combined with acupoint catgut embedding on the content of interleukin 6 (IL-6), and the expressions of janus activated kinase (JAK), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in colonic mucosa of rats with ulcerative colitis (UC), so as to explore its mechanism underlying improvement of UC.

Methods: Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into normal, model, acupoint catgut embedding (ACE), moxibustion and acupoint catgut embedding combined with moxibustion (combination) groups (=6 rats in each group). The UC model was established by enema of trinitro-benzene-sulfonic acid and ethanol.

[Effect of Astragali Radix-Curcumae Rhizoma compatibility combined with 5-fluorouracil on Th17/Treg balance and tumor-related mRNA and protein expression in orthotopic xenograft model mice of CT26.WT colorectal carcinoma].

Astragali Radix-Curcumae Rhizoma(AR-CR) is a combination commonly used in the clinical treatment of tumors. Based on the T helper 17(Th17)/regulatory T cell(Treg) balance, the present study explored the possible mechanism of AR-CR combined with 5-fluorouracil(5-FU) on the tumor growth of orthotopic xenograft model mice of colorectal carcinoma. Ninety male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into nine groups, i.

Pectic Oligogalacturonide Facilitates the Synthesis and Activation of Adiponectin to Improve Hepatic Lipid Oxidation.

Scope: Adiponectin (ADPN), a kind of adipokines, plays an important role in the regulation of lipid metabolism. The objective of this study is focused on the ADPN to investigate the functional mechanisms of pectin oligosaccharide (POS) from hawthorn fruit in the improvement of hepatic fatty acid oxidation.

Method And Results: High-fat fed mice are used in this experiment.

Charting human development using a multi-endodermal organ atlas and organoid models.

Organs are composed of diverse cell types that traverse transient states during organogenesis. To interrogate this diversity during human development, we generate a single-cell transcriptome atlas from multiple developing endodermal organs of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract. We illuminate cell states, transcription factors, and organ-specific epithelial stem cell and mesenchyme interactions across lineages.

Synergistic effects of carbon nanoparticle-Cr-Pb in PM cause cell cycle arrest via upregulating a novel lncRNA NONHSAT074301.2 in human bronchial epithelial cells.

Inhalation of carcinogenic PM particles is a severe threat to all the people in both developing and developed nations. However, which components of PM and how they perturb human cells to cause various diseases are still not understood. Here, employing a reductionism approach, we revealed that one of the crucial toxic and pathogenic mechanisms of PM was the blocking of human bronchial cell cycle through upregulation of a novel long non-coding RNA NONHSAT074301.