Three-in-one strategy via anchored MoSe for construct stable conversion-type Na-Se batteries: Chemisorption, catalytic conversion and stress dispersion.

Conversion-type selenium cathodes are considered a highly promising alternative to sulfur cathodes due to their high conductivity and similar theoretical capacity. However, stress-diffusion and shuttle effects during the conversion process remain significant challenges that urgently need to be addressed. Herein, a composite matrix of MoSe anchored on the surface of N-doped hollow mesoporous carbon nanospheres (NHMCNS) was designed as a Se host to construct Se/C cathodes (Se/MoSe@NHMCNS).

Global landscape of COVID-19 vaccination programmes for older adults: a descriptive study.

Background: To minimise severe cases and deaths from COVID-19 among high-risk populations such as older adults (aged 60 years and older), it is crucial to monitor and update vaccination strategies. In this study, we aim to provide a global profile of the current COVID-19 vaccination programmes for older adults, including vaccination policies, coverage rates, and vaccine demand.

Methods: We used publicly available data on the COVID-19 vaccines used, vaccination schedules, indicated age groups, and age-specific country-level vaccine coverage, updated through to July 20, 2024.

Assessment of neutralizing antibody response as a correlate of protection against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections after administration of two doses of the CoronaVac inactivated COVID-19 vaccine: A phase III randomized controlled trial.

Background: The emergence of variants of concerns of SARS-CoV-2 highlights the need for comprehensively elucidating the correlates of protection for different COVID-19 vaccine types. Inactivated COVID-19 vaccines are currently amongst the most widely administered vaccines globally. However, investigations into the correlates of protection for inactivated COVID-19 vaccines are relatively rare.

Inhibition of Salmonella typhimurium and Listeria monocytogenes in coconut juice by graphene-doped photocatalyst rGO/TiO.

This research used the photocatalyst rGO/TiO prepared by hydrothermal method to inhibit the growth of these microorganisms in water and coconut juice. In coconut juice, the initial count of Salmonella typhimurium decreased from 3 × 10 CFU /mL to 6.3 × 10 CFU /mL, and the initial count of L.

Corrigendum to "Counterfactual analysis of the 2023 Omicron XBB wave in China" [Infect. Dis. Model. 9 (2024) 195-203].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.idm.

Counterfactual analysis of the 2023 Omicron XBB wave in China.

Background: China has experienced a COVID-19 wave caused by Omicron XBB variant starting in April 2023. Our aim is to conduct a retrospective analysis exploring the dynamics of the outbreak under counterfactual scenarios that combine the use of vaccines, antiviral drugs, and nonpharmaceutical interventions.

Methods: We developed a mathematical model of XBB transmission in China, which has been calibrated using SARS-CoV-2 positive rates per week.

A proteomic study on gastric impairment in rats caused by microcystin-LR.

Microcystins (MCs) are the most common cyanobacterial toxins. Epidemiological investigation showed that exposure to MCs can cause gastro-intestinal symptoms, gastroenteritis and gastric cancer. MCs can also accumulate in and cause histopathological damage to stomach.

Prospective, multi-center post-marketing surveillance cohort study to monitor the safety of the human papillomavirus-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine in Chinese girls and women aged 9 to 45 years, 2018-2020.

Following the approval of for the immunization of girls and women in China against high-risk human papillomavirus types 16 and 18, a non-interventional post-authorization safety study was performed. A multi-center prospective cohort study assessed safety following vaccination of Chinese girls and women aged 9-45 years between 31 May 2018 and 3 December 2020. Adverse events following immunization (AEFIs), potential immune-mediated diseases (pIMDs), and pregnancy-related outcomes were collected up to 12 months from the third immunization or 24 months from the first immunization, whichever came first.

Identification and Expressional Analysis of siRNAs Responsive to Infection in Wheat.

The outbreak of Fusarium head blight (FHB) poses a serious threat to wheat production as it leads to both significant yield losses and accumulation of several mycotoxins including deoxynivalenol (DON) in the grains, which are harmful to human and livestock. To date, hundreds of FHB-resistance-related quantitative trait loci (QTLs) have been reported, but only a few of them have been cloned and used for breeding. Small interfering RNAs (siRNA) have been reported in plants to mediate host defense against pathogens, but they have rarely been reported in wheat-FHB interaction.

Safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (RQ3013) given as the fourth booster following three doses of inactivated vaccines: a double-blinded, randomised, controlled, phase 3b trial.

Background: Heterologous vaccine schedules have been recommended to provide superior immunity and protection against emergent SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. We aimed to evaluate the safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine RQ3013 compared with adenoviral vectored vaccine Ad5-nCoV and protein subunit vaccine ZF2001 as the fourth dose in adults primed with three doses of inactivated vaccines in China.

Methods: We conducted a double-blinded, randomised, controlled, phase 3b trial among healthy Chinese adults at Lancang County, Yunnan, China.

Effects of sub-chronic exposure to microcystin-LR on the endocrine system of male rats.

Microcystins (MCs) can cause reproductive and developmental toxicity and disrupt endocrine homeostasis in mammals. In the present study, male, Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were administrated 3 or 30 μg MC-LR/kg, body mass (bm) per day via intraperitoneal (i.p.

Cost and health-related quality of life for children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus in Central China.

Background: The economic burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection and its impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are not well-understood in China. This study assessed total cost and HRQoL for children hospitalized with RSV in Central China.

Methods: Based on a prospective case series study in Henan Province in 2020-2021, inpatients aged 0-59 months with RSV-related acute respiratory infections (ARIs) were included into analysis.

Immunogenicity and Safety of Homologous Booster Doses of CoronaVac COVID-19 Vaccine in Elderly Individuals Aged 60 Years and Older: A Dosing Interval Study - Yunnan Province, China, 2021-2022.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Neutralization levels induced by inactivated vaccines rapidly wane after primary immunization, and a homologous booster can recall specific immune memory, resulting in a remarkable increase in antibody concentration. The optimal interval between primary and booster doses has yet to be determined.

What Is Added By This Report?: Booster doses given at three months or more after the two-dose regimen of the CoronaVac COVID-19 vaccine in elderly individuals aged 60 years and older triggered good immune responses.

Exopolysaccharides of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG ameliorate Salmonella typhimurium-induced intestinal inflammation via the TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK pathway.

Background: Salmonella typhimurium (S.T), as an important foodborne bacterial pathogen, can cause diarrhea and gastroenteritis in humans and animals. Numerous studies have confirmed that exopolysaccharides (EPSs) have various biological functions, but the mechanism through which EPSs improve the immunity of animals against the invasion of pathogenic bacteria is unclear.

Household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 during the Omicron wave in Shanghai, China: A case-ascertained study.

Objectives: We used a case-ascertained study to determine the features of household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in Shanghai, China.

Methods: In April 2022, we carried out a household transmission study from 309 households of 335 SARS-CoV-2 pediatric cases referred to a designated tertiary Children's Hospital. The detailed information can be collected from the 297 households for estimating the transmission parameters.

Vaccination effects on post-infection outcomes in the Omicron BA.2 outbreak in Shanghai.

Omicron and its sublineages are currently predominant and have triggered epidemiological waves of SARS-CoV-2 around the world due to their high transmissibility and strong immune escape ability. Vaccines are key measures to control the COVID-19 burden. Omicron BA.

Plasmonic enhanced photocatalytic activity of Ag/TiO tube-in-tube fibers.

Ag nanoparticle was found to significantly enhance the photocatalytic activity of self-organized TiO nanotube structures. Herein, novel Ag/TiO tube-in-tube fibers have been prepared by a facile electrospinning technology and calcination process. Employed as the photocatalyst, the composite could efficiently catalyze the photodegradation of the model organic pollutant, rhodamine B under visible light irradiation, exhibiting a superior photocatalytic activity than the undoped TiO tube-in-tube fibers.

Acute exposure to microcystins affects hypothalamic-pituitary axes of male rats.

Microcystins (MCs) produced by some cyanobacteria can cause toxicity in animals and humans. In recent years, growing evidence suggests that MCs can act as endocrine disruptors. This research systematically investigated effects of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) on endocrine organs, biosynthesis of hormones and positive/negative feedback of the endocrine system in rats.

Linearized teixobactin is inactive and after sequence enhancement, kills methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus via a different mechanism.

is a highly adaptable pathogen that can rapidly develop resistance to conventional antibiotics such as penicillin. Recently, teixobactin was discovered from uncultivated soil bacteria by using the i-chip technology. This depsipeptide forms an ester bond between the backbone C-terminal isoleucine carboxylic acid and the hydroxyl group of threonine at position 8.

Synthesis of β-Polychlorinated Alkynes Enabled by Copper-Catalyzed Multicomponent Reaction.

Functional molecules bearing polychlorinated moieties usually play versatile roles in organic synthesis and biochemistry. A copper-catalyzed multicomponent polychloro-carboalkynylation of alkenes presents an efficient and operationally simple approach for the synthesis of β-polychlorinated alkynes. Mechanistic experiments were conducted demonstrating that an generated copper acetylide complex was the real catalyst and reactive intermediate during the copper-catalytic cycle.

Six-month follow-up of a booster dose of CoronaVac in two single-centre phase 2 clinical trials.

Determining the duration of immunity induced by booster doses of CoronaVac is crucial for informing recommendations for booster regimens and adjusting immunization strategies. In two single-centre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 2 clinical trials, immunogenicity and safety of four immunization regimens are assessed in adults aged 18 to 59 years and one immunization regimen in adults aged 60 years and older, respectively. Serious adverse events occurring within 6 months after booster doses are recorded as pre-specified secondary endpoints, geometric mean titres (GMTs) of neutralising antibodies one year after the 3-dose schedule immunization and 6 months after the booster doses are assessed as pre-specified exploratory endpoints, GMT fold-decreases in neutralization titres are assessed as post-hoc analyses.

Modeling transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron in China.

Having adopted a dynamic zero-COVID strategy to respond to SARS-CoV-2 variants with higher transmissibility since August 2021, China is now considering whether, and for how long, this policy can remain in place. The debate has thus shifted towards the identification of mitigation strategies for minimizing disruption to the healthcare system in the case of a nationwide epidemic. To this aim, we developed an age-structured stochastic compartmental susceptible-latent-infectious-removed-susceptible model of SARS-CoV-2 transmission calibrated on the initial growth phase for the 2022 Omicron outbreak in Shanghai, to project COVID-19 burden (that is, number of cases, patients requiring hospitalization and intensive care, and deaths) under hypothetical mitigation scenarios.

Assessing the transition of COVID-19 burden towards the young population while vaccines are rolled out in China.

SARS-CoV-2 infection causes most cases of severe illness and fatality in older age groups. Over 92% of the Chinese population aged ≥12 years has been fully vaccinated against COVID-19 (albeit with vaccines developed against historical lineages). At the end of October 2021, the vaccination programme has been extended to children aged 3-11 years.