Spatiotemporal characteristics of the pharyngeal teeth in interspecific distant hybrids of cyprinid fish: Phylogeny and expression of the initiation marker genes.

As an important feeding organ and taxonomical characteristic, the pharyngeal teeth of cyprinid fish have very high morphological diversity and exhibit species-specific numbers and arrangements. Many genes have been verified to regulate the pharyngeal teeth development and act as the initiation marker for teeth. Six initiation marker genes for pharyngeal teeth were used as RNA probes to investigate the expression pattern, and these genes were further used to construct a phylogenetic tree for cyprinid fish including some distant hybrids.

Immunoglobulin heavy-chain loci in ancient allotetraploid goldfish.

As an ancient allotetraploid species, goldfish (Carassius auratus) have two sets of subgenomes. In this study, immunoglobulin heavy-chain (IGH) genes were cloned from the red crucian carp (Carassius auratus red var.), and the corresponding loci were identified in the gynogenetic diploid red crucian carp (GRCC) genome as well as the genomes of three other goldfish strains (Wakin, G-12, and CaTCV-1).

Significant Effects of Associated Microorganisms on the Community of Photosynthetic Picoeukaryotes.

Photosynthetic picoeukaryotes (PPEs) form associations with other microorganisms. However, whether and how the associated microbes affect PPE communities remain unknown. We used flow cytometric cell sorting combined with parallel high-throughput sequencing of the 18S and 16S rRNA genes to simultaneously investigate PPEs and their associated microbial communities in the Yangtze-connected Lake Dongting.

Phylogeographic relationships and the evolutionary history of the Carassius auratus complex with a newly born homodiploid raw fish (2nNCRC).

Background: An important aspect of studying evolution is to understand how new species are formed and their uniqueness is maintained. Hybridization can lead to the formation of new species through reorganization of the adaptive system and significant changes in phenotype. Interestingly, eight stable strains of 2nNCRC derived from interspecies hybridization have been established in our laboratory.

Variations in the Mitochondrial Genome of a Goldfish-Like Hybrid [Koi Carp (♀) × Blunt Snout Bream (♂)] Indicate Paternal Leakage.

Previously, a homodiploid goldfish-like fish (2 = 100; GF-L) was spontaneously generated by self-crossing a homodiploid red crucian carp-like fish (2 = 100; RCC-L), which was in turn produced via the distant hybridization of female koi carp (, KOC, 2 = 100) and male blunt snout bream (, BSB, 2 = 48). The phenotypes and genotypes of RCC-L and GF-L differed from those of the parental species but were similar to diploid red crucian carp (2 = 100; RCC) and goldfish (2 = 100; GF), respectively. We sequenced the complete mitochondrial DNAs (mtDNAs) of the KOC, BSB, RCC-L, GF-L, and subsequent generations produced by self-crossing [the self-mating offspring of RCC-L (RCC-L-F) to the self-mating offspring of RCC-L-F (RCC-L-F) and the self-mating offspring of GF-L (GF-L-F)].

Integrated proteomic and transcriptomic analysis reveals that polymorphic shell colors vary with melanin synthesis in Bellamya purificata snail.

The snail Bellamya purificata is an ecologically and economically important freshwater gastropod species. However, limited genomic resources are available for this snail. In this study, the transcriptome of mantle tissues and proteome of shells of B.

Gene Family Revealed Genetic Variations in Autotetraploid .

The gene family encoded transcription factors that played key roles in developmental processes in vertebrates. To further understand the evolutionary fate of the gene family in teleosts, the genes were comprehensively characterized in fish of different ploidy levels, including blunt snout bream (2n = 48, , BSB), goldfish (2n = 100, red var., 2nRCC), and autotetraploid (4n = 200, 4nRCC).

Blood biochemistry profile of Qihe crucian carp Carassius auratus in different aquaponic systems.

Blood biochemical profile can be used to evaluate the health status of fish and ambient environmental conditions. However, it is not well known in the aquaponic systems, let alone their differences between hydroponic and aquatic plants. A 5-month trial was conducted to investigate the changes in the growth performance and blood index of Qihe crucian carp Carassius auratus in eight aquaponic systems (control, Ipomoea aquatica, Lactuca sativa, Lemna minor, Amaranthus tricolor, Ceratophyllum demersum, Vallisneria spiralis, and C.

Rapid genomic DNA variation in newly hybridized carp lineages derived from Cyprinus carpio (♀) × Megalobrama amblycephala (♂).

Background: Distant hybridization can generate changes in phenotypes and genotypes that lead to the formation of new hybrid lineages with genetic variation. In this study, the establishment of two bisexual fertile carp lineages, including the improved diploid common carp (IDC) lineage and the improved diploid scattered mirror carp (IDMC) lineage, from the interspecific hybridization of common carp (Cyprinus carpio, 2n = 100) (♀) × blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala, 2n = 48) (♂), provided a good platform to investigate the genetic relationship between the parents and their hybrid progenies.

Result: In this study, we investigated the genetic variation of 12 Hox genes in the two types of improved carp lineages derived from common carp (♀) × blunt snout bream (♂).

[Macrobenthic community structure and bioassessment for water quality of Banqiao Reservoir in Huaihe River basin].

In order to demonstrate macrobenthic community structure dynamics and conduct a biological evaluation of water quality in Banqiao Reservoir, we collected seasonal samples from January to November 2014 across 15 sampling sites. A total of 17 species belonging to five families, four classes, and 3 phyla were identified, including 8 chironomidae, 4 oligochaeta and 5 mollusc. Bellamya aeruginosa, Corbicula fluminea, Branchiura sowerbyi, Pelopia sp.

Analysis of genetic diversity and population structure of Bellamya quadrata from lakes of middle and lower Yangtze River.

As an endemic species of freshwater gastropods in China, Bellamya quadrata plays an important role in ecosystem service provision and commercial importance. However, the species is overharvested and its natural habitats are under severe threat due to fragmentation and loss. To estimate the genetic diversity and population structure of B.