[Research progress in Cup-cage reconstruction for patients with chronic pelvic discontinuity after total hip arthroplasty].

Objective: To summarize research progress on application of Cup-cage reconstruction in revision of chronic pelvic discontinuity (CPD) in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Methods: Relevant literature at home and abroad in recent years was reviewed to summarize the principles of the Cup-cage reconstruction, preoperative patient assessment, intraoperative skills, clinical and radiological effectiveness, limitations, and postoperative complications.

Results: For the treatment of CPD, the Cup-cage reconstruction achieved long-term acetabular cup bone ingrowth, CPD healing, and biologic fixation of the prosthesis by restoring pelvic continuity.

Efficacy of Different Doses of Intra-Articular Tranexamic Acid for Reducing Blood Loss and Lower Limb Swelling After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Trial.

Objective: Both blood loss and lower extremity swelling after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can affect a patient's postoperative recovery. The aim of this trial was to investigate whether different doses of intra-articular tranexamic acid (TXA) can reduce blood loss and postoperative lower limb swelling.

Methods: In a prospective, randomized-controlled trial, a total of 225 patients were randomly assigned to three groups from September 2020 through January 2021: intra-articular injections of 3 g, 1 g of TXA, or placebo (saline solution).

Insights into the mechanisms of serplulimab: a distinctive anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody, in combination with a TIGIT or LAG3 inhibitor in preclinical tumor immunotherapy studies.

With more than 20 anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies currently marketed, anti-PD-1 therapy has become a cornerstone of tumor immunotherapy. These agents, however, exhibit notable disparities in their characteristics and clinical performance. For instance, in the field of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) where the majority of anti-PD-1 antibodies have yielded limited success, serplulimab produced impressive survival improvements and was approved for this indication by China's National Medical Products Administration.

A randomized controlled trial comparing carbazochrome sodium sulfonate and tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss and inflammatory response after simultaneous bilateral total hip arthroplasty.

Purpose: A drug known as carbazochrome sodium sulfonate (CSS) can reduce blood loss. But, it is not known how it can prevent the development of hemostatic and inflammatory conditions in patients who undergo bilateral simultaneous total hip arthroplasty (SBTHA). This study will analyze the safety and effectiveness of combining this drug with SBTHA.

Efficacy and Safety of Bone Wax Application at Different Time Points to Reduce Postoperative Blood Loss in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: In addition to the surface hemorrhage of cancellous bone after large-area osteotomy, the intramedullary hemorrhage after the reamed knee joint is also a major cause of postoperative bleeding after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of bone wax application at different time points of prone hemorrhage to reduce perioperative blood loss.

Methods: From August 2023 to December 2023, 150 patients undergoing primary unilateral TKA were included in this prospective, randomized controlled trial, patients were randomly divided into three groups: group A, after autogenous osteotomy plug was used to fill the femoral medullary cavity, the residual space was sealed with bone wax and the exposed cancellous bone surface around the prosthesis was coated with bone wax after the prosthesis adhesion; group B, only the exposed cancellous bone surface around the prosthesis was coated with bone wax; and group C, no bone wax was used.

Dual targeting non-overlapping epitopes in HER2 domain IV substantially enhanced HER2/HER2 homodimers and HER2/EGFR heterodimers internalization leading to potent antitumor activity in HER2-positive human gastric cancer.

Background: Trastuzumab and pertuzumab combination has been approved for the treatment of patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. However, trastuzumab and pertuzumab combination did not show improvement in overall survival in patients with HER2-positive metastatic gastric cancer.

Methods: We developed a new HER2-targeted monoclonal antibody, HLX22, targeting HER2 subdomain IV as trastuzumab but with non-overlapping epitopes.

Effects of a Modified Long-Acting Cocktail on Analgesia and Enhanced Recovery After Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Double-Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: We compared the efficacy and safety of a modified cocktail for postoperative analgesia and early functional rehabilitation in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Methods: Magnesium sulfate and sodium bicarbonate were added to a cocktail of ropivacaine, epinephrine, and dexamethasone. Primary outcome measures were visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores at various intervals after surgery, morphine consumption for rescue analgesia after surgery, and time to first rescue analgesia.

Hypobaric hypoxia aggravates osteoarthritis via the alteration of the oxygen environment and bone remodeling in the subchondral zone.

A high prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) has been observed among individuals living at high altitudes, and hypobaric hypoxia (HH) can cause bone mass and strength deterioration. However, the effect of HH on OA remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to explore the impact of HH on OA and its potential mechanisms.

Immune regulation enhances osteogenesis and angiogenesis using an injectable thiolated hyaluronic acid hydrogel with lithium-doped nano-hydroxyapatite (Li-nHA) delivery for osteonecrosis.

Osteonecrosis is a devastating orthopedic disease in clinic that generally occurs in the femoral head associating with corticosteroid use up to 49 % in patients. In particular, glucocorticoids induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head is closely related to the local immune response that characterized by abnormal macrophage activation and inflammatory cell infiltration at the necrotic site, forming a pro-inflammatory microenvironment dominated by M1 macrophages, and thus leads to failure of bone repair and regeneration. Here, we report a bone regeneration strategy that constructs an immune regulatory biomaterial platform using an injectable thiolated hyaluronic acid hydrogel with lithium-doped nano-hydroxyapatite (Li-nHA@Gel) delivery for osteonecrosis treatment.

Comparison between Ultrasound-Guided Pericapsular Nerve Group Block and Local Infiltration Analgesia for Postoperative Analgesia after Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: Pericapsular nerve group (PENG) blocking is a novel nerve block modality for analgesia after total hip arthroplasty (THA); however, its analgesic efficacy is unclear. We aimed to compare the analgesic effect of ultrasound-guided PENG blocking and periarticular local infiltration analgesia after THA.

Methods: This study involved patients undergoing unilateral primary THA at our institution between October 2022 and December 2022.

Comparative study of carbazochrome sodium sulfonate and tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss and inflammatory response following direct anterior total hip arthroplasty: a prospective randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: Carbazochrome sodium sulfonate (CSS) is a haemostatic agent. However, its hemostatic and anti-inflammatory effects in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) via a direct anterior approach (DAA) are unknown. We investigated the efficacy and safety of CSS combined with tranexamic acid (TXA) in THA using DAA.

Activated intestinal microbiome-associated tryptophan metabolism upregulates aryl hydrocarbon receptor to promote osteoarthritis in a rat model.

Objective: To evaluate the role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA) and its association with intestinal microbiome-related tryptophan metabolism.

Methods: Cartilage was isolated from OA patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty and analyzed for expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and cytochrome P450 of family 1, subfamily A, and polypeptide 1 (CyP1A1). To gain mechanistic insights, OA model was induced in Sprague Dawley rats after antibiotic pretreatment combined with a tryptophan-rich diet (or not).

Improving target-disease association prediction through a graph neural network with credibility information.

Identifying effective target-disease associations (TDAs) can alleviate the tremendous cost incurred by clinical failures of drug development. Although many machine learning models have been proposed to predict potential novel TDAs rapidly, their credibility is not guaranteed, thus requiring extensive experimental validation. In addition, it is generally challenging for current models to predict meaningful associations for entities with less information, hence limiting the application potential of these models in guiding future research.

Does living at high altitude increase the risk of bleeding events after total knee arthroplasty? A retrospective cohort study.

Objective: Post-operative bleeding after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a frequent cause of post-operative complications. This study compared blood loss and indicators of coagulation and fibrinolysis between TKA patients living at low or high altitudes.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 120 patients at our institution who underwent primary TKA from May 2019 to March 2020, and we divided them into those living in areas about 500 m or > 3000 m above sea level.

Imbalanced T-Cell Subsets May Facilitate the Occurrence of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head.

Background: Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a complex disease resulting in degeneration of the hip joint. The pathogenesis of ONFH is largely unknown, but alterations in immunological factors have been proposed to play a role.

Methods: We included 109 patients with ONFH and 109 age-, sex-, and body mass index-matched healthy controls in this study.

Copper-Lithium-Doped Nanohydroxyapatite Modulates Mesenchymal Stem Cells Homing to Treat Glucocorticoids-Related Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head.

tissue regeneration has been demonstrated to promote bone repair. To identify a better approach for treating osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH), we prepared scaffolds using copper-lithium-doped nanohydroxyapatite (Cu-Li-nHA), which has the potential to modulate mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) homing. The scaffold was fabricated using the gas foaming method and the migration, angiogenesis, and osteogenesis activities of MSCs were detected using Transwell assays, tube formation assays, alkaline phosphatase and alizarin red S staining, respectively.

The effects of body mass index on insulin resistance in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty: a pilot study.

Purpose: We aimed to examine the effects of body mass index (BMI) on insulin resistance (IR), glycaemic control and adverse events in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Methods: A total of 118 patients undergoing THA were enrolled in this prospective cohort study and divided into two groups based on their BMI: Group A (n = 50, 18.5 ≤ BMI < 24 kg/m) and Group B (n = 68, BMI ≥ 24 kg/m).

Porous tantalum shell and augment for acetabular defect reconstruction in revision total hip arthroplasty: a mid-term follow-up study.

Aim: The use of porous tantalum trabecular metal (TM) shell and augment to reconstruct acetabular defects in revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a reliable technique. We evaluated the mid-term implant survival, clinical, and radiological outcomes of our first 48 revisions using this technique.

Patients And Methods: A total of 45 patients (48 hips) who had acetabular revision of THA between 2011 and 2017 using TM shell and augment with possible mid-term follow-up were included.

Intrahepatic microbes govern liver immunity by programming NKT cells.

The gut microbiome shapes local and systemic immunity. The liver is presumed to be a protected sterile site. As such, a hepatic microbiome has not been examined.

Different Doses of Intravenous Tranexamic Acid in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Study.

Purpose:  This article assessed the efficacy and safety of different doses of intravenous tranexamic acid (TXA) in revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Methods:  We retrospectively identified 122 patients in our institution who underwent revision TKA with a history of perioperative intravenous TXA utilization. According to the sum of intravenous TXA documented, all patients were divided into three groups: 1 g intravenous TXA, 2 g intravenous TXA, and equal or greater than 3 g intravenous TXA.

Additional nerve blocks are not superior to multiple-site infiltration analgesia in total knee arthroplasty under adductor canal block.

Background: Adductor canal block (ACB) with additional nerve blocks (ANBs) is reported to provide adequate analgesia and enhanced functional rehabilitation in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The present study aims to evaluate whether ANBs are superior to multiple-site infiltration analgesia (MIA) in patients undergoing TKA under ACB.

Methods: We enrolled 530 patients undergoing primary TKA from 2015 to 2019 at our institution in this retrospective cohort study.

Tranexamic acid attenuates early post-operative systemic inflammatory response and nutritional loss and avoids reduction of fibrinogen in total hip arthroplasty within an enhanced recovery after surgery pathway.

Purpose: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is an intervention with significant inflammatory response. The impact of additional doses of tranexamic acid (TXA) on inflammatory response, trauma and nutrition parameters, and coagulation and fibrinolysis changes has rarely been reported.

Methods: A prospective double-blind randomized trial was performed on elective primary THA.