Fluidization-melting characteristics of fly ash from municipal solid waste incineration.

Fly ash (FA) from municipal solid waste incineration contains hazardous substances such as dioxins, furans, and heavy metals. Melting FA has proved to be an effective method for reducing volume and mass, while also rendering the waste harmless. However, during the melting process, the addition of a fluxing agent with calorific value is currently necessary to increase melting capacity and reduce energy consumption, which presents a challenge.

Adjusting effects of pyrolytic volatiles interaction in char to upgrade oil by swelling waste nylon-tire.

Waste nylon-tire (WNT) is a typical solid municipal waste, pyrolysis efficiently disposes WNT to produce oil containing high-value chemicals. Upgrading the quality of oil is the key to improve WNT pyrolysis economy. Herein, swelling was applied to pretreat WNT, and swelled waste nylon-tire (SWNT) was pyrolyzed at different temperatures (400 °C-600 °C).

Heavy tar evolution characteristics during advanced sludge pyrolysis and biomass gasification integrated process.

Sludge pyrolysis and biomass gasification integrated process (SPBG) is an attractive route for the comprehensive utilization of the two materials but more tar is produced in this process compared to traditional biomass steam gasification. Nitrogen-containing compounds in the tar bring threatens to the environment and heavy components in the tar contributes to undesired coke formation. In current study, the evolution of heavy tar, especially the nitrogen-rich components, during SPBG is revealed for the first time.

Case report: An ectopic adrenocortical adenoma in the renal sinus.

Background: Ectopic adrenal tissue is rare in adults, with an incidence of only about 1%. We report a rare case of ectopic adrenocortical adenoma in the left renal sinus.

Case Preentation: A 57-year-old woman was admitted to the Department of Urology due to "a left kidney tumor" on physical examination.

A multi-birth metric learning framework based on binary constraints.

Multi-metric learning plays a significant role in improving the generalization of algorithms related to distance metrics since using a single metric is sometimes insufficient to handle complex data. Metric learning can adjust automatically the distance between samples to make the intra-class samples compact while making the inter-class distance as far as possible. To implement this intention better,in this work, we propose a novel multi-metric learning framework based on the pair constraints instead of triple constraints to reduce computational burden.

Waste tire heat treatment to prepare sulfur self-doped char via pyrolysis and KFeO-assisted activation methods.

Waste tire was heat-treated to prepare sulfur self-doped chars via pyrolysis and activation processes. Pyrolytic waste tire chars were activated at different temperatures (600 °C, 800 °C, 1000 °C, and 1200 °C) with KFeO additive ratios (mass ratio of KFeO to char) being 0.5, 1, 2, and 3, respectively.

Sulfur self-doped char with high specific capacitance derived from waste tire: Effects of pyrolysis temperature.

Preparation of sulfur self-doped char derived from waste tire (WT) was realized via two successively processes of pyrolysis and activation treatment. WT was firstly pyrolyzed at 400 °C, 600 °C, 800 °C, and 1000 °C to collect waste tire chars (WTCs) and they were subsequently activated at 800 °C with potassium ferrate (KFeO). The specific capacitance of activated waste tire chars at different pyrolysis temperatures (AWTCs-x-800) decreased from 92.

Formation of highly graphitic char derived from phenolic resin carbonization by Ni-Zn-B alloy.

The formation of highly graphitic phenolic resin chars (GPFCs) during catalytic carbonization at relatively low reaction temperature (1200-1600 °C) using novel Ni-Zn-B alloy catalyst with small amount of addition (5-15%) was systematically studied. Only two kinds of graphites (turbostratic graphite and ordered graphite) can be found in GPFCs after catalytic carbonization with Ni-Zn-B and their proportions were changed with reaction conditions. When Ni-Zn-B was involved at 1200-1600 °C, the phenolic resin char was fully transformed to be graphite, and ordered graphite content increased to 28.

Influence of operating parameters on arsenic transformation during municipal sewage sludge incineration with cotton stalk.

Addition of cotton stalk (CS) has been proved to promote dramatically the transformation of toxic As to less toxic As in the fly ash during municipal sewage sludge (MSS) incineration. However, the fate of arsenic during co-firing of MSS and CS in different operating parameters was still unclear. In the present study, the effects of incineration temperatures and O content in the flue gas on speciation transformation of arsenic during MSS and 70% MSS/30% CS incineration were investigated in a bubbling fluidized bed.

Pien-Tze-Huang protects cerebral ischemic injury by inhibiting neuronal apoptosis in acute ischemic stroke rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Pien-Tze-Huang (PZH) is a famous formula of traditional Chinese medicine used to treating stroke. However, the protective effect of PZH and its mechanisms in acute ischemic stroke remain to be explored.

Aim Of The Study: To investigate the protective effect of PZH on neuronal apoptosis in acute cerebral ischemic injury rats and explore its underlying mechanisms.

NOx and N2O precursors from biomass pyrolysis: role of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin.

Cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin play important roles in biomass. Nitrogen in biomass is mainly in forms of proteins (amino acids). Two amino acids, proline and glutamic acid, with different structures were selected as the nitrogen-containing model compound in biomass.

NOx and N2O precursors from biomass pyrolysis: nitrogen transformation from amino acid.

Large quantities of NO(x) and N(2)O emissions can be produced from biomass burning. Understanding nitrogen behavior during biomass pyrolysis is crucial. Nitrogen in biomass is mainly in forms of proteins (amino acids).

Feasibility of CO₂/SO₂ uptake enhancement of calcined limestone modified with rice husk ash during pressurized carbonation.

The calcination/carbonation cycle using calcium-based sorbents appears to be a viable method for carbon dioxide (CO₂) capture from combustion gases. Recent attempts to improve the CO₂/SO₂ uptake of a calcium-based sorbent modified by using rice husk ash (RHA) in the hydration process have succeeded in enhancing its effectiveness. The optimal mole ratio of RHA to calcined limestone (M(Si/Ca)) was adjusted to 0.

NO formation during agricultural straw combustion.

NO formation during combustion of four typical kinds of straw (wheat straw, rice straw, cotton stalk and corn stalk) which belong to soft straw and hard straw was studied in a tubular quartz fixed bed reactor under conditions relevant to grate boiler combustion. Regarding the real situation in biomass fired power plants in China, NO formation from blended straw combustion was also investigated. Nitrogen transfer during blended straw pyrolysis was performed using a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) coupled with a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer.

TG-FTIR study on co-pyrolysis of municipal solid waste with biomass.

Co-pyrolysis of cotton stalk, a representative agricultural biomass in China, mixed with municipal solid waste (MSW) with high ash content and low calorific value was carried out using a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) coupled with a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer in Ar atmosphere. Pyrolysis characteristic and pollutant emission performance from MSW and stalk blends at different mass proportions were studied. The results show that as the mass proportion of stalk added increases, the total weight loss of the blend during pyrolysis increases.