MOF-derived xPd-NPs@ZnO porous nanocomposites for ultrasensitive ppb-level gas detection with photoexcitation: Design, diverse-scenario characterization, and mechanism.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been regarded as a potential candidate with great application prospects in the field of gas sensing. Although plenty of previous efforts have been made to improve the sensitivity of MOF-based nanocomposites, it is still a great challenge to realize ultrafast and high selectivity to typical flammable gases in a wide range. Herein, porous xPd-NPs@ZnO were prepared by optimized heat treatment, which maintained the controllable morphology and high specific surface area of 471.

A collaborative emergency decision making approach based on BWM and TODIM under interval 2-tuple linguistic environment.

Emergencies require various emergency departments to collaborate to achieve timely and effective emergency responses. Thus, the overall performance of emergency response is influenced not only by the efficiency of each department alternative but also by the coordination effect among different department alternatives. This paper proposes a collaborative emergency decision making (CEDM) approach considering the synergy among different department alternatives based on the best-worst method (BWM) and TODIM (an acronym in Portuguese of interactive and multiple attribute decision making) method within an interval 2-tuple linguistic environment.

Ignition temperature and mechanism of carbonaceous dust clouds: The roles of volatile matter, CH addition, O mole fraction and diluent gas.

Minimum ignition temperature of dust clouds (MITC) was studied experimentally and theoretically in different atmospheres. Three carbonaceous dusts were tested in both air and O/CO atmospheres with CH mole fraction from 0% to 2%. Results showed that the ignition risk of the three dusts significantly increases (decrease of MITC by ~100 ℃) with increasing X from 21% to 50%, but significantly decreases replacing N in air with CO.

Experimental study of the effect of typical halides on pyrolysis of ammonium nitrate using model reconstruction.

The energetic material ammonium nitrate (AN) is used as an industrial raw material; however, it presents a pyrolysis and explosion hazard during transportation and storage, especially when mixed with impurities. To study the effects of typical halides on the thermal decomposition kinetics of AN, a series of precision thermogravimetric analysis experiments at four heating rates were carried out in a nitrogen atmosphere. Based on derivative thermogravimetric analysis, the addition of sodium halides was found to change the kinetic reaction mechanism of AN pyrolysis.

Experimental study on the efficiency of dodecafluoro-2-methylpentan-3-one on suppressing lithium-ion battery fires.

Currently, the effective and prompt suppression of lithium-ion battery fires is still challenging. Herein, a 38 A h prismatic ternary (Li(NiCoMn)O/graphite) battery with the size of 150 × 92 × 27 mm was adopted to investigate the suppression efficiency of dodecafluoro-2-methylpentan-3-one (CFO) in high capacity lithium-ion battery fires. Five doses of CFO agent including 0, 0.

An experimental and theoretical study of optimized selection and model reconstruction for ammonium nitrate pyrolysis.

Ammonium nitrate (AN) is a commonly-used industrial raw material in industrial explosives and fertilizers areas. However, as an energetic material, its danger exists during the production, transportation, and storage, resulting in a large number of accidents involving personal injury and property loss. To obtain the accurate kinetic triplet parameters of AN thermal decomposition, a series of thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) experiments was conducted with four different heating rates.

Experimental study on a comparison of typical premixed combustible gas-air flame propagation in a horizontal rectangular closed duct.

Research surrounding premixed flame propagation in ducts has a history of more than one hundred years. Most previous studies focus on the tulip flame formation and flame acceleration in pure gas fuel-air flame. However, the premixed natural gas-air flame may show different behaviors and pressure dynamics due to its unique composition.

Experimental investigation of spontaneous ignition and flame propagation at pressurized hydrogen release through tubes with varying cross-section.

An experimental investigation of spontaneous ignition and flame propagation at high-pressure hydrogen release via cylindrical tubes with varying cross-section is presented. Tubes with different transverse cross-sections are considered in the experiments: (1) local contraction, (2) local enlargement, (3) abrupt contraction, and (4) abrupt enlargement. The results show that the presence of the varying cross-section geometries can significantly promote the occurrence of spontaneous ignition.