A novel peroxisome-related gene signature predicts clinical prognosis and is associated with immune microenvironment in low-grade glioma.

Low-grade glioma (LGG), a common primary tumor, mainly originates from astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. Increasing evidence has shown that peroxisomes function in the regulation of tumorigenesis and development of cancer. However, the prognostic value of peroxisome-related genes (PRGs) in LGG has not been reported.

Pituitary adenoma with cavernous sinus compartment penetration and intracranial extension: surgical anatomy, approach, and outcomes.

Objectives: To understand the different characteristics and growth corridors of knosp grade 4 pituitary adenomas (Knosp4PA) with cavernous sinus (CS) compartments penetration and intracranial extension, aiming to improve the safety, effectiveness, and total resection rate of surgery.

Methods: A case series of 120 Knosp4PA patients with 187 invaded compartments were retrospectively reviewed. A novel surgery-relevant grading system was proposed according to the CS penetrating features.

Modified Transanterior Perforated Substance Approach Using the Medial Territory to Thalamomesencephalic Cavernous Malformations: A Case Report.

Background And Importance: Thalamomesencephalic lesions remain a challenge to neurosurgeons for their eloquent anatomy and postoperative neurological deficits. With limited cases in the literature, these lesions are still managed in a case-by-case fashion.

Clinical Presentation: Here, we present a case of an otherwise healthy man who had a 46-day history of impaired vision and right-sided weakness and numbness caused by ventrally located thalamomesencephalic cavernous malformations (CMs).

Endoscopic endonasal resection of sinonasal teratocarcinosarcoma with intracranial breakthrough: illustrative case.

Background: Teratocarcinosarcoma traversing the anterior skull base is rarely reported in literature. The heterogenous and invasive features of the tumor pose challenges for surgical planning. With technological advancements, the endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) has been emerging as a workhorse of anterior skull base lesions.

Corrigendum: Endoscope-Assisted Retrosigmoid Approach for Vestibular Schwannomas with Intracanalicular Extensions: Facial Nerve Outcomes.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.

Endoscope-Assisted Retrosigmoid Approach for Vestibular Schwannomas With Intracanalicular Extensions: Facial Nerve Outcomes.

Objective: To explore the role of neuroendoscope assistance during surgical resection of the intracanalicular portion of vestibular schwannomas the retrosigmoid approach and the subsequent early facial nerve outcomes.

Methods: Patients of vestibular schwannoma with intracanalicular extensions undergoing retrosigmoid dissection at a single institution were retrospectively analyzed in this study. Several surgical techniques were applied to ensure maximal and safe removal of tumors.

Deregulation of the Hippo Pathway Promotes Tumor Cell Proliferation Through YAP Activity in Human Sporadic Vestibular Schwannoma.

Objective: Vestibular schwannomas (VSs) can cause serious neurological defects including hearing loss and facial paralysis. The aim of this study is to identify whether Hippo signaling could be a potential targetable pathway for clinical treatment in VSs.

Methods: Gene expression profiling was performed in 10 sporadic VSs and 4 normal nerves to identify aberrant genes expression of the Hippo pathway.

Prognostic value of Ki-67 index in adult medulloblastoma after accounting for molecular subgroup: a retrospective clinical and molecular analysis.

Introduction: Medulloblastoma (MB) is a rare primary brain tumor in adults. We previously evaluated that combining both clinical and molecular classification could improve current risk stratification for adult MB. In this study, we aimed to identify the prognostic value of Ki-67 index in adult MB.

Surgical treatment of large vestibular schwannomas in patients with neurofibromatosis type 2: outcomes on facial nerve function and hearing preservation.

Surgical treatment of vestibular schwannoma (VS) in patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) along with functional preservation of cranial nerves is challenging. The aim of this study was to analyze the outcomes of hearing and facial nerve function in patients with NF2 who underwent large-size VS (> 2 cm) surgery. From 2006 to 2016, one hundred and forty NF2 patients were included with 149 large-size VS resections using retrosigmoid approach.

Awake craniotomy for assisting placement of auditory brainstem implant in NF2 patients.

Objectives: Auditory brainstem implants (ABIs) may be the only opportunity for patients with NF2 to regain some sense of hearing sensation. However, only a very small number of individuals achieved open-set speech understanding and high sentence scores. Suboptimal placement of the ABI electrode array over the cochlear nucleus may be one of main factors for poor auditory performance.

Distinctive localization and MRI features correlate of molecular subgroups in adult medulloblastoma.

Medulloblastoma (MB) is recognized as comprising four molecular subgroups with distinct transcriptional profiles, clinical features, and outcomes. Previous studies demonstrate that pediatric MBs present with subgroup-specific MRI manifestations. We hypothesized that combination of anatomical localization and conventional features based on MR imaging can predict these subgroups in adult MBs.

Risk Factors and Management of Intraoperative Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks in Endoscopic Treatment of Pituitary Adenoma: Analysis of 492 Patients.

Objectives: To determine risk factors and management of intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage in endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal pituitary adenoma surgery.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of 492 patients who, between April 2012 and August 2015, underwent endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgeries for resection of pituitary adenoma. A multivariate statistical analysis was performed to investigate the association of some risk factors with intraoperative CSF leakage.

Granular cell tumors in the central nervous system: a report on eight cases and a literature review.

Objective: Granular cell tumors (GCTs) in the central nervous system (CNS) are extremely rare. We report here a series of eight GCTs at various locations in the CNS and provide a full review of the published literature.

Methods: Eight patients with pathologically confirmed GCT in the CNS were retrospectively reviewed.

A Retrospective Analysis of Vision-Impairing Tumors Among 467 Patients with Neurofibromatosis Type 2.

Background: Vision is important for patients with hearing loss caused by neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2). Tumors adjacent to the anterior visual pathway can potentially impair the vision. Only a few case reports and small-series studies have been reported.

Clinical features of clear cell meningioma: a retrospective study of 36 cases among 10,529 patients in a single institution.

Background: Clear cell meningioma (CCM) is a rare subtype of meningioma. We present the largest series of 36 CCMs and evaluate several prognostic factors of patient's clinical outcome.

Methods: Thirty-six patients with pathologically confirmed CCM among a total of 10,529 meningioma patients were retrospectively reviewed.

Transplantation of Human Neural Stem Cells in a Parkinsonian Model Exerts Neuroprotection via Regulation of the Host Microenvironment.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons and consequent dopamine (DA) deficit, and current treatment still remains a challenge. Although neural stem cells (NSCs) have been evaluated as appealing graft sources, mechanisms underlying the beneficial phenomena are not well understood. Here, we investigate whether human NSCs (hNSCs) transplantation could provide neuroprotection against DA depletion by recruiting endogenous cells to establish a favorable niche.

The progress of immunotherapy for glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma is the most common primary brain tumor in adults, accounting for about half of all primary brain tumors. Despite multiple therapeutic interventions such as surgical resection, radiotherapy, and systemic chemotherapy, the prognosis for glioblastoma remains poor. Due to the scientific community's enhanced understanding of the CNS immune system and significant achievements in tumor immunotherapy in recent years, immunotherapy has become a promising GBM treatment.

Brain Stem and Entire Spinal Leptomeningeal Dissemination of Supratentorial Glioblastoma Multiforme in a Patient during Postoperative Radiochemotherapy: Case Report and Review of the Literatures.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary malignancy of the central nervous system in adults. Macroscopically evident and symptomatic spinal metastases occur rarely. Autopsy series suggest that approximately 25% of patients with intracranial GBM have evidence of spinal subarachnoid seeding, although the exact incidence is not known as postmortem examination of the spine is not routinely performed.