Impact of the National Drug Price Negotiation policy on the price, usage, and affordability of anticancer medicines in Shandong Province, China.

Objective: In order to reduce the price and increase the accessibility of innovative medicines, China has implemented the National Drug Price Negotiation (NDPN) since 2016. Anticancer drug is the largest category of NDPN and the number continue to increase. This study evaluated the impact of this policy on the price, utilization rate and affordability of anticancer drugs based on the experiences of Shandong province.

MAO-B-triggered reaction for an optical triple-signal assay and AND logic gate application based on PEI-functionalized silver nanoparticles.

A novel analytical method was designed and developed that exhibited ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), fluorescence (FL), and resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) signals for straightforward and comprehensive determination of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) using polyethylenimine-functionalized silver nanoparticles (PEI-Ag NPs). Through a facile one-step experiment, and NaOH assisted, in an aqueous solution of 100 ℃ for 40 min PEI reacted with AgNO to generate PEI-Ag NPs with a yellow color and weak blue fluorescence. Interestingly, phenylacetaldehyde (PAA), a specific product of MAO-B, causes significant enhancement of the three optical signals of UV-Vis, FL, and RRS.

A Dynamic Adaptive Ensemble Learning Framework for Noninvasive Mild Cognitive Impairment Detection: Development and Validation Study.

Background: The prompt and accurate identification of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is crucial for preventing its progression into more severe neurodegenerative diseases. However, current diagnostic solutions, such as biomarkers and cognitive screening tests, prove costly, time-consuming, and invasive, hindering patient compliance and the accessibility of these tests. Therefore, exploring a more cost-effective, efficient, and noninvasive method to aid clinicians in detecting MCI is necessary.

Relevance of superoxide dismutase type 1 to lipoid pneumonia: the first retrospective case-control study.

Background: Lipoid pneumonia (LP) is a rare disease caused by the accumulation of lipids and lipid-laden macrophages in the alveoli inducing damage. LP is difficult to differentiate from other similar diseases without pathological evidence, such as upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), pneumonia, cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP), pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP), lung mucinous adenocarcinoma and pulmonary edema. Given the high misdiagnosis rate and limited statistical clinical and treatment data, there is an urgent need for novel indicators of LP.

Light energy-driven carbonic anhydrase mediate CO sequestration system with variable-temperature adaptability.

The escalating atmospheric CO₂ concentration urgently demands ecologically friendly mitigation strategies. Compared to alternative catalysts, carbonic anhydrase (CA) demonstrates exceptionally high catalytic efficiency in CO₂ hydration reactions. Nevertheless, traditional CA immobilization techniques exhibit peak enzymatic activity exclusively at optimal temperatures, consequently constraining their effective application across diverse environmental thermal conditions in industrial settings.

Characterization changes of volatile organic compounds in Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai (Gao Wu Tou) with different proportions of yellow wine steamed by GC-IMS, E-nose.

Gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) combined with multiple analytical methods and E-nose were used to study the differences in volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in 0 %, 10 %, 15 %, 20 %, 25 % yellow wine steamed A. sinomontanum and its raw products. The results indicated that the VOCs in different proportions of yellow wine steamed A.

Study of the interaction between green Si quantum dots and bovine serum albumin via spectroscopic methods and its effects on antioxidant capacity and esterase activity.

In this study, the interaction mechanism between Si quantum dots (SiQDs) and bovine serum albumin (BSA), as well as the conformational and functional alterations of BSA, were rigorously investigated via multispectral techniques and dynamic light scattering analysis. van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonding, as well as an exothermic reaction and a decrease in entropy, were the primary forces involved in the binding of SiQDs to BSA. In the binding process, SiQDs exhibit preferential proximity to Site I over other potential binding sites.

Development of a machine learning model in prediction of the rapid progression of interstitial lung disease in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy.

Background: Rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RP-ILD) significantly impacts the prognosis of patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM). High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is a crucial noninvasive technique for evaluating interstitial lung disease (ILD). Utilizing quantitative computed tomography (QCT) enables accurate quantification of disease severity and evaluation of prognosis, thereby serving as a crucial computer-aided diagnostic method.

The discrepancy between objective and subjective assessments of catastrophic health expenditure: evidence from China.

The pro-rich nature of catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) indicators has garnered criticism, inspiring the exploration of the subjective approach as a complementary method. However, no studies have examined the discrepancy between subjective and objective approaches. Employing data from the Chinese Social Survey (CSS) 2013-2021 waves, we analysed the discrepancy between objective and subjective CHE and its associated socioeconomic factors using logit regression modelling.

FoxO is required for neoblast differentiation during planarian regeneration.

Stem cells are of great importance in the maintenance and regeneration of tissues, with Forkhead box O (FoxO) proteins emerging as pivotal regulators of their functions. However, the precise impact of FoxO proteins on stem cell behavior within regenerative environments remains ambiguous. Planarians, renowned for their abundance of adult stem cells (neoblasts), serve as an excellent model for investigating the dynamics of stem cells during regeneration.

Uneven heat burden in the sunshine state: Spatial patterns and socio-economic disparities of heat-related illness in Florida.

Climate change has increased the frequency and severity of extreme heat events globally, adversely affecting socio-economic conditions and public health. However, extreme heat has disparate effects on different population groups and the socio-economic determinants of its health effects are not well understood. In this study, we analyzed the spatial patterns of heat-related illness (HRI) visit rates at the zip-code level in Florida and applied statistical methods to examine the relationships between HRIs and environmental and socio-economic variables.

Green interface optimization strategy based on allium mongolicum regel extract for enhanced alkaline Al-air battery performance.

Aqueous aluminum (Al)-air batteries (AABs) are gaining significant attention due to their excellent theoretical performance. However, the self-corrosion of the aluminum anode reduces anodic efficiency and battery capacity, limiting the broad commercial application of AABs. Herein, we propose the utilizing Allium Mongolicum Regel (AMR) extract as a green electrolyte additive to optimize the Al anode/electrolyte interface in alkaline AABs.

Synergistic effect evaluation method of atmospheric emission reduction based on deep learning fusion model.

Currently, the absence of a nonlinear response between air quality and industrial emissions, which accurately captures the complex relationship between pollution levels and emission sources, poses a significant challenge in the formulation of effective control policies. For the purpose of effectively managing industrial emissions and mitigating severe pollution peaks, a new method for evaluating the synergistic effects of atmospheric emission reduction was proposed. The objective of this method is to simulate the impact of emissions on air quality.

Nanoconfined electrostatic interaction for efficient anion sieving in graphene oxide membranes.

Controllable ion transport and precise ion sieving are crucial for sustainable water treatment and resource recovery. 2D materials, including graphene oxide (GO) with tunable nanochannels, are emerging as ideal material platforms to develop ion sieving membranes. However, accurate ion sieving remains challenging due to the swollen and enlarged interlayer spacing of GO membranes in aqueous solution, resulting in the non-selective of small ions.

A Dataset for Constructing the Network Pharmacology of Overactive Bladder and Its Application to Reveal the Potential Therapeutic Targets of Rhynchophylline.

: Network pharmacology is essential for understanding the multi-target and multi-pathway therapeutic mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine. This study aims to evaluate the influence of database quality on target identification and to explore the therapeutic potential of rhynchophylline (Rhy) in treating overactive bladder (OAB). : An OAB dataset was constructed through extensive literature screening.

Biomechanics of phagocytosis of red blood cells by macrophages in the human spleen.

The clearance of senescent and altered red blood cells (RBCs) in the red pulp of the human spleen involves sequential processes of prefiltration, filtration, and postfiltration. While prior work has elucidated the mechanisms underlying the first two processes, biomechanical processes driving the postfiltration phagocytosis of RBCs retained at interendothelial slits (IES) are still poorly understood. We present here a unique computational model of macrophages to study the role of cell biomechanics in modulating the kinetics of phagocytosis of aged and diseased RBCs retained in the spleen.

In Situ Biomineralization and Citric Acid Etching Strategy for Enhancing Activity of Immobilized Acetylcholinesterase.

Enhancing the structural stability of an enzyme and maintaining its catalytic activity are effective ways to improve enzyme utilization and reduce the cost of drug screening. However, immobilized enzyme activity tends to decrease in existing immobilization techniques due to conformational changes and microenvironmental restrictions. In this paper, we present a facile approach to prepare immobilized acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with high activity by a ZIF-8 in situ immobilization and citric acid (CA) etching strategy.

Effective removal of Pb (II) from wastewater by zinc-iron bimetallic oxide-modified walnut shell biochar: A combined experimental and DFT calculation approach.

The modified walnut shell biochar (WBC) was prepared through zinc-iron bimetallic oxide modification (ZF@WBC) at 600 °C under oxygen-limited conditions in this study. Through adsorption experiments, characterization analyses, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the adsorption properties of ZF@WBC to Pb (II) were investigated and the mechanism underlying such adsorption was elucidated. Characterization results showed that the surface area (375.

Probing Majorana Wave Functions in Kitaev Honeycomb Spin Liquids with Second-Order Two-Dimensional Spectroscopy.

Two-dimensional coherent terahertz spectroscopy (2DCS) emerges as a valuable tool to probe the nature, couplings, and lifetimes of excitations in quantum materials. It thus promises to identify unique signatures of spin liquid states in quantum magnets by directly probing properties of their exotic fractionalized excitations. Here, we calculate the second-order 2DCS of the Kitaev honeycomb model and demonstrate that distinct spin liquid fingerprints appear already in this lowest-order nonlinear response χ_{yzx}^{(2)}(ω_{1},ω_{2}) when using crossed light polarizations.

Pressure-controlled steam explosion as pretreatment for efficient extraction of Tremella fuciformis polysaccharide: Structure and bioactivity.

Tremella fuciformis (TF) is a mushroom with rich nutritional and medicinal value. This study aimed to develop an efficient extraction technique for TF polysaccharide (TFP) to enhance its health benefits. TF was subjected to steam explosion (SE) pretreatment at 0.