Effect of computer aided detection system on esophageal neoplasm diagnosis in varied levels of endoscopists.

A computer-aided detection (CAD) system for early esophagus carcinoma identification during endoscopy with narrow-band imaging (NBI) was evaluated in a large-scale, prospective, tandem, randomized controlled trial to assess its effectiveness. The study was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100050654, 2021/09/01). Involving 3400 patients were randomly assigned to either routine (routine-first) or CAD-assisted (CAD-first) NBI endoscopy, followed by the other procedure, with targeted biopsies taken at the end of the second examination.

Theoretical methods based on linear response theory to simulate dynamics and absorption spectra of molecular polaritons.

In this work, we first derive path integral expressions for the dynamics of molecular polaritons in microcavities. For systems with a large number of molecules in the cavity, i.e.

Discrete element simulation of buzz pollination in tomato.

Buzz pollination is essential for plants which have poricidal anther dehiscence, such as tomato. Due to the lack of microscopic level observations and precise analyses of the buzz pollination process, the mechanism of tomato pollen ejection during buzz pollination is unclear. In this study, Micro-CT imaging was used to measure the internal structure and size of tomato flowers.

A 2,6-diamidopyridine-based macrocyclic aromatic amide receptor with cascade ion pair recognition.

Ion-pair receptors constitute an important class of synthetic receptors within the realm of host-guest and supramolecular chemistry. Their unique ability to simultaneously recognize and accommodate both cations and anions has rendered them invaluable across various applications. In this study, we have synthesized a cascade macrocyclic ion-pair receptor, composed of three 2,6-amidopyridine building blocks bridged by aromatic spacers.

Cuprous-Sulfide-Nanoplate-Catalyzed Click Chemistry for In Situ Construction of Covalent Organic Polymer Heterostructures for Efficient Photocatalytic Reduction and Removal of U(VI).

In this study, a core-shell heterostructure of cuprous sulfide (CuS) nanoplates and covalent organic polymers (COPs) (CuS@COP) was constructed in situ by a CuS-catalyzed azide-alkyne reaction for efficient reduction and rapid removal of U(VI) from uranium mine wastewater. The simple in situ synthesis of heterojunctions through click chemistry reactions can create a tight bond at the interface and evade the laborious process of conventional composites. The different Fermi energy levels of CuS and COP induce the formation of a built-in electric field within the core-shell heterojunction, and the photogenerated charge transfer from the COP to CuS nanoplate results in a substantial boost in the efficiency of the photocatalytic reduction of U(VI).

Quercetin improves airway remodeling in COPD rats by suppressing phenotypic switch of ASMCs via inhibiting the Wnt5a/β-catenin pathway.

Background And Purpose: Airway remodeling in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a contributor to airflow limitation, promotes disease progression, and affects disease outcome and prognosis. Quercetin has been identified as a potential therapeutic agent for COPD. Currently, there is insufficient research providing direct evidence to support this hypothesis.

HDAC2 promotes colorectal tumorigenesis by triggering dysregulation of lipid metabolism through YAP1.

Dysfunction of lipid metabolism is important for the development and progression of colorectal cancer, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, HDAC2 was identified as highly expressed in both adenoma and colorectal cancer. We aimed to explore the roles and mechanisms of HDAC2 in lipid metabolism in colorectal cancer.

The Effect of Lipids on the Structure and Function of Egg Proteins in Response to Pasteurization.

In recent years, the consumption of liquid eggs has failed to meet the expectations of the public due to growing concerns regarding food safety and health. It is well known that there are interactions between the components in liquid eggs, and the interaction effect on the structure and functional properties of the proteins and antigenicity remains unclear. To investigate egg component interactions, we focused on four major egg lipids, namely phosphatidylcholine, palmitic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid, as well as four major egg proteins, including ovalbumin, ovotransferrin, ovomucoid, and lysozyme.

Decremental response in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis during repetitive nerve stimulation and its relationships with impaired homeostasis.

Background: Previous studies have suggested that neuromuscular junction (NMJ) denervation plays a critical role in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) has been used as a technique to test neuromuscular transmission, but the sensitivity and stability of its parameters have not been investigated in patients with ALS. In addition, the impact of impaired homeostasis on NMJ stability in patients with ALS remains unclear.

3D printing fiber-tip integrated Fabry-Perot interferometers for ultrasensitive RI sensing with an enhanced Vernier effect.

An ultrasensitive refractive index (RI) sensing technology based on an enhanced Vernier effect is proposed, which integrates a polymer Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) with an open cavity FPI on the tip of a seven-core optical fiber. Interference spectra of the polymer FPI and the open cavity FPI shift to opposite directions as the ambient RI changes, thus leading to the enhanced Vernier effect. Investigations of RI sensitivity and temperature dependence of the proposed fiber sensors are carried out.

Intra-Arterial Urokinase After Endovascular Reperfusion for Acute Ischemic Stroke: The POST-UK Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Persisting or new thrombi in the distal arteries and the microcirculation have been reported to limit the benefits of successful endovascular thrombectomy for patients with acute ischemic stroke. It remains uncertain whether intra-arterial thrombolysis by urokinase following near-complete to complete reperfusion by thrombectomy improves outcomes among patients with ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and adverse events of intra-arterial urokinase after near-complete to complete reperfusion by thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion.

To kill or to piggyback: Switching of viral lysis-lysogeny strategies depending on host dynamics.

Viruses wield significant influence over microbial communities and ecosystem function in marine environments. However, the selection of viral life strategies and their impacts on microbial communities remains enigmatic. In this study, we utilized a large-scale macrocosm, established using water samples from a marine coastal region, to enable community-level investigation.

Bifunctional Electrospun Nanocomposite Dressing: Integrating Antibacterial Efficacy and Controllable Antioxidant Properties for Expedited Wound Healing.

Current wound dressings are insufficient in simultaneously addressing bacterial infections and oxidative stress, which severely affects wound healing outcomes. To solve this problem, we introduced poly(ionic liquid) (PIL) with strong antibacterial properties and cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeONPs) with excellent antioxidant capabilities into polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber membranes to prepare a novel composite dressing. The PIL-CeONPs-PAN nanofiber membrane provides sustained antibacterial activity through stably embedded PIL, while the uniformly distributed CeONPs achieve controlled release, avoiding safety issues caused by the rapid release of active substances.

Cervical Chylous Leakage Combined With Chylothorax: A Case Report of a Rare Complication Postretroperitoneal Surgery and Its Management: A Case Report of Chylous Leakage.

Chylous leakage is an uncommon and serious clinical condition, especially occurring after retroperitoneal operations. Here, we report a case of cervical chylous leakage combined with chylothorax in a 57-year-old woman postretroperitoneal surgery, and our conservative approach led to resolution/clinical improvement. The causes of this rare complication are discussed.

Hierarchical Equations of Motion for Quantum Chemical Dynamics: Recent Methodology Developments and Applications.

ConspectusQuantum effects are critical to understanding many chemical dynamical processes in condensed phases, where interactions between molecules and their environment are usually strong and non-Markovian. In this Account, we review recent progress from our group in development and application of the hierarchical equations of motion (HEOM) method, highlighting its ability to address some challenging problems in quantum chemical dynamics.In the HEOM method, the bath degrees of freedom are represented using effective modes from exponential decomposition of the bath correlation function.

Promotion of RNF168-Mediated Nucleosomal H2A Ubiquitylation by Structurally Defined K63-Polyubiquitylated Linker Histone H1.

The chemical synthesis of histones with homogeneous modifications is a powerful approach for quantitatively deciphering the functional crosstalk between different post-translational modifications (PTMs). In this study, we developed an expedient site-specific (poly)ubiquitylation strategy (CAEPL, Cysteine Aminoethylation coupled with Enzymatic Protein Ligation), which integrates the Cys-aminoethylation reaction with the process of ubiquitin-activating enzyme UBA1-assisted native chemical ligation. Using this strategy, we successfully prepared monoubiquitylated and K63-linked di- and tri-ubiquitylated linker histone H1.

The influence of COVID-19 on short-term mortality in acute ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the differences in short-term mortality risk between acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Cochrane Databases were systematically searched from December 1, 2019 to May 20, 2022 using the keywords coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, and ischemic stroke. A random-effects model was estimated, and subgroup analysis and meta-regressions were performed.