Constructing High-Performance Composite Epoxy Resins: Interfacial π-π Stacking Interactions-Driven Physical Rolling Behavior of Silica Microspheres.

The intrinsic compromise between strength and toughness in composite epoxy resins significantly constrains their practical applications. In this study, a novel strategy is introduced, leveraging interfacial π-π stacking interactions to induce the "rolling behavior" of microsphere fillers, thereby facilitating efficient energy dissipation. This approach is corroborated through theoretical simulations and experimental validation.

25.91%-Efficiency and Durable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells Enabled by a Multifunctional Molecule Mediated Precursor Engineering.

The stability of the precursor is essential for producing high-quality perovskite films with minimal non-radiative recombination. In this study, methionine sulfoxide (MTSO), which features multiple electron-donation sites, is strategically chosen as a precursor stabilizer and crystal growth mediator for inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). MTSO stabilizes the precursor by inhibiting the oxidation of iodide ions and passivates charged traps through coordination and hydrogen bonding interactions.

High-Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells Enabled by Guanylation Reaction for Removing MACl Residual and In-Situ Forming 2D Perovskite.

The thermodynamical deprotonation of methylammonium chloride (MACl) has several detrimental influences on the quality of formamidinium (FA+)-based perovskite, which limits both efficiency and stability of inverted perovskite solar cells (IPSCs). Herein, a new additive strategy was developed by introducing methyl carbamimidothioate hydroiodide (MCH) into perovskite precursor, where guanylation reaction occurred between MCH and MACl to form a new intermediate of methyl-substituted guanidine (MSG). MSG could then bond with undercoordinated Pb2+ to in-situ form a two-dimensional (2D) perovskite, which would promote the growth and crystallization of three-dimensional (3D) perovskite with higher crystallinity, lower defect-states density and superior stability.

M1 Microglia-Derived Exosomes Promote A1 Astrocyte Activation and Aggravate Ischemic Injury via circSTRN3/miR-331-5p/MAVS/NF-κB Pathway.

Background: After ischemic stroke (IS), microglia and astrocytes undergo polarization, transforming into a pro-inflammatory phenotype (M1 or A1). According to previous studies, exosomes might play an important role in the interplay between M1 microglia and A1 astrocytes after IS.

Methods: We used the microglial oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) model and ultracentrifugation to extract M1 microglial exosomes (M1-exos).

Starch modification by low-dose electron beam irradiation: A comprehensive study between buckwheat starch, potato starch and pea starch.

Electron Beam Irradiation (EBI) is an emerging technique for food decontamination and starch modification, but a comprehensive evaluation at safe doses (<10 kGy) for different starch sources is lacking. This study investigated the effects of low-dose EBI (2-8 kGy) on the physicochemical properties of buckwheat starch (BS), potato starch (POS), and pea starch (PS), each with different crystalline types (A-, B-, and C-type, respectively). EBI significantly reduced moisture and amylose content, decreased pasting viscosity, and retarded retrogradation dose-dependently for all starches.

AVE0991 ameliorates dopaminergic neuronal damage in Parkinson's disease through HOTAIRM1/miR-223-3p/α-synuclein axis.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent type of neurodegenerative disorder. AVE0991, a non-peptide analogue of Ang-(1-7), by which the progression of PD has been discovered to be ameliorated, but the specific mechanism whereby AVE0991 modulates the progression of PD re-mains unclear. The mice overexpressing human α-syn (A53T) were established to simulate PD pathology, and we also constructed an in vitro model of mouse dopaminergic neurons overexpressing hα-syn (A53T).

Fat mass and obesity-associated protein alleviates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting ferroptosis via miR-320-3p/SLC7A11 axis.

Fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) is a demethylase and has recently been found to have a protective effect in acute ischemic stroke (AIS), but the underlying mechanism is unclear to a large extent. New studies have found that the expression of certain miRNAs may be affected by N6-methyladenosine (m6A) levels. Here, using high-throughput sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction, we found miR-320-3p was significantly up-regulated in AIS patients.

Trimethylamine N-Oxide Aggravates Neuro-Inflammation via lncRNA Fendrr/miR-145-5p/PXN Axis in Vascular Dementia Rats.

Purpose: Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common dementia in the world. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated the important role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in VaD. Our previous investigation demonstrated that Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) exacerbates cognitive impairment and neuropathological alterations in VaD rats.

Multiomics Analysis Identifies Prognostic Signatures for Sepsis-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Emergency Medicine.

Objectives: Sepsis, caused by the body's response to infection, poses a life-threatening condition and represents a significant global health challenge. Characterized by dysregulated immune response to infection, sepsis may lead to organ dysfunction and failure, ultimately resulting in high mortality rates. The liver plays a crucial role in sepsis, yet the role of differentially expressed genes in septic patients remains unclear in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Tetrahydrofuran Processable Organic Solar Cells with 19.45% Efficiency Realized by Introducing High Molecular Dipole Unit Into the Terpolymer.

Developing organic solar cells (OSCs) processable with halogen-free, non-aromatic solvents is crucial for practical applications, yet challenging due to the limited solubility of most photoactive materials. This study introduces high-performance terpolymers processable in tetrahydrofuran (THF) by incorporating dithienophthalimide (DPI) into the PM6 backbone. DPI extends the absorption band, lowers HOMO levels, and improves THF solubility and film crystallinity through its large dipole moment effect.

Ethanol Processable Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Hole Transporting Layers Enabled 20.12 % Efficiency Organic Solar Cells.

In this study, a high-performance inorganic-organic hybrid hole transporting layer (HTL) was developed using ethanol-soluble alkoxide precursors and a self-assembled monolayer (SAM). Three metal oxides-vanadium oxide (VO), niobium oxide (NbO), and tantalum oxide (TaO)-were synthesized through successive low-temperature (100 °C) thermal annealing (TA) and UV-ozone (UVO) treatments of their respective precursors: vanadium oxytriethoxide (EtO-V), niobium ethoxide (EtO-Nb), and tantalum ethoxide (EtO-Ta). Among these, the NbO film exhibited excellent transmittance, a high work function, and good conductivity, along with a more compact and uniform structure featuring fewer interfacial defects, which facilitated efficient charge extraction and transport.

25.71 %-Efficiency FACsPbI Perovskite Solar Cells Enabled by A Thiourea-based Isomer.

Various isomers have been developed to regulate the morphology and reduce defects in state-of-the-art perovskite solar cells (PSCs). To insight the structure-function-effect correlations for the isomerization of thiourea derivatives on the performance of the PSCs, we developed two thiourea derivatives [(3,5-dichlorophenyl)amino]thiourea (AT) and N-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)hydrazinecarbothioamide (HB). Supported by experimental and calculated results, it was found that AT can bind with undercoordinated Pb defect through synergistic interaction between N1 and C=S group with a defect formation energy of 1.

Pyrazolone-Protein Interaction Enables Long-Term Retention Staining and Facile Artificial Biorecognition on Cell Membranes.

Cell membrane genetic engineering has been utilized to confer cell membranes with functionalities for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes but concerns over cost and variable modification results. Although nongenetic chemical modification and phospholipid insertion strategies are more convenient, they still face bottlenecks in either biosafety or stability of the modifications. Herein, we show that pyrazolone-bearing molecules can bind to proteins with high stability, which is mainly contributed to by the multiple interactions between pyrazolone and basic amino acids.

Circ_0008146 Exacerbates Ferroptosis via Regulating the miR-342-5p/ACSL4 Axis After Cerebral Ischemic/Reperfusion.

Purpose: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) has seriously threatened people's health worldwide and there is an urge need for early diagnosis and effective treatment of AIS. This research intended to clarify the regulatory role of circ_0008146/miR-342-5p/ACSL4 axis in AIS.

Methods: High-throughput small RNA sequencing analysis was adapted to identify differentially expressed miRNAs between the AIS and control group.

Albumin as a functional carrier solubilizing and facilitating fusidic acid transmembrane delivery into Gram-negative bacteria.

Reversing the bacterial resistance is of great significance and importance. Fusidic acid (FA) is commonly effective against Gram-positive bacterial infections, but most Gram-negative bacteria have intrinsic resistance to FA, primarily due to the strong cell membrane-FA interactions, which highly inhibit the intracellular transport of FA. Herein, we use albumin (bovine serum albumin, BSA) as a bifunctional carrier to solubilize FA and facilitate its transmembrane delivery into Gram-negative bacterial cells.

Chiropractic rehabilitation in accelerated rehabilitation after total hip arthroplasty for Crowe type IV hip dysplasia.

To investigate the efficacy of chiropractic rehabilitation therapy in Crowe IV developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) patients after total hip arthroplasty. Seventy-two patients with Crowe IV type DDH hospitalized in the Department of Orthopedics I of Ya'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2021 to June 2023 were selected for the study, and they were divided into 36 cases in the chiropractic rehabilitation therapy group (the treatment group) and 36 cases in the traditional rehabilitation therapy group (the control group) according to the method of randomized grouping. All patients were evaluated at preoperative, 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively for follow-up, and the muscle strength of the affected limb, the patient's walking gait, the shortened length of the affected limb, the visual analog scale score (VAS score), the Oswestry Dysfunction Index Score (ODI score), the Harris Hip Score, and the degree of pelvic tilt were recorded to evaluate the results of the study.

Chitosan-Based Hydrogels as Antibacterial/Antioxidant/Anti-Inflammation Multifunctional Dressings for Chronic Wound Healing.

Due to repeated microbial infection, persistent inflammation, excessive oxidative stress, and cell dysfunction, chronic wounds are difficult to heal, posing a serious threat to public health. Therefore, developing multifunctional wound dressings that can regulate the complex microenvironment of chronic wounds and enhance cellular function holds great significance. Recently, chitosan has emerged as a promising biopolymer for wound healing due to its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and versatile bioactivity.

Unleashing the Neurotherapeutic Potential: The Crucial Role of miR-206-3p in Facilitating Hsp90aa1-Mediated Central Nervous System Injuries During Heat Stroke.

This study aims to explore the molecular mechanisms of miR-206-3p in regulating Hsp90aa1 and its involvement in the central nervous system (CNS) injury in heat stroke. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed on the GSE64778 dataset of heat stroke to identify module genes most closely associated with disease characteristics. Through the selection of key genes and predicting upstream miRNAs using RNAInter and miRWalk databases, the regulatory relationship between miR-206-3p and Hsp90aa1 was determined.

PiRNA-4447944 promotes castration-resistant growth and metastasis of prostate cancer by inhibiting NEFH expression through forming the piRNA-4447944-PIWIL2-NEFH complex.

Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is the leading cause of prostate cancer (PCa)-related death in males, which occurs after the failure of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are crucial regulators in many human cancers, but their expression patterns and roles in CRPC remain unknown. In this study, we performed small RNA sequencing to explore CRPC-associated piRNAs using 10 benign prostate tissues, and 9 paired hormone-sensitive PCa (HSPCa) and CRPC tissues from the same patients.

2D nanomaterials-based delivery systems and their potentials in anticancer synergistic photo-immunotherapy.

As the field of cancer therapeutics evolves, integrating two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials with photo-immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach with significant potential to augment cancer treatment efficacy. These 2D nanomaterials include graphene-based 2D nanomaterials, 2D MXenes, 2D layered double hydroxides, black phosphorus nanosheets, 2D metal-organic frameworks, and 2D transition metal dichalcogenides. They exhibit high load capacities, multiple functionalization pathways, optimal biocompatibility, and physiological stability.

A comparative study on 3D printing-assisted arthroscopic IDEAL point femoral tunnel positioning for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction versus conventional arthroscopic positioning.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and precision of using a 3D-printed template for femoral tunnel placement in guiding the optimal positioning of the Internal anatomical stop and Low tension maintenance (IDEAL) bone tunnel during single-bundle anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 40 patients who underwent arthroscopic single-bundle ACL reconstruction at our hospital between April 2021 and November 2021. In the direct vision group, the IDEAL bone tunnel was positioned using radiofrequency localization directly visualized at the stump.

Construction and validation of a predictive model for lower extremity deep vein thrombosis after total knee arthroplasty.

The aim was to investigate the independent risk factors for lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after total knee arthroplasty, and to establish a nomogram prediction model accordingly. Data were collected from total knee replacement patients from January 2022 to December 2023 in our hospital. Unifactorial and multifactorial logistic regression analyses were used to determine the independent risk factors for lower extremity DVT after total knee arthroplasty and to establish the corresponding nomogram.