Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi mediate soil N dynamics, mitigating NO emissions and N-leaching while promoting crop N uptake in green manure systems.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), as symbionts of the plant root system, play a pivotal ecological role in soil nutrient dynamics. However, the mechanisms by which AMF mediates nitrogen (N) transformation at the soil-crop interface, particularly under green manure management, remain insufficiently understood. This study investigates these mechanisms through a long-term field experiment, employing four green manure management practices during the flowering stage of common vetch: tillage with total green manure incorporation (TG), no-tillage with total green manure mulching (NTG), aboveground biomass removal with root incorporation (T), and aboveground biomass removal with no-tillage (NT), alongside a conventional tillage control without green manure (CT).

Intrinsic Mechanism of CaCl Alleviation of HO Inhibition of Pea Primary Root Gravitropism.

Normal root growth is essential for the plant uptake of soil nutrients and water. However, exogenous HO inhibits the gravitropic growth of pea primary roots. It has been shown that CaCl application can alleviate HO inhibition, but the exact alleviation mechanism is not clear.

Green manuring combined with zeolite reduced nitrous oxide emissions in maize field by targeting microbial nitrogen transformations.

Green manure is a crucial strategy for increasing cereal yield and mitigating environmental burden while reducing chemical N fertilizer. To effectively tackle climate change, finding ways to reduce nitrous oxide (NO) emissions from green manuring systems is vital. Herein, field and N labeled microcosm experiments were arranged to investigate the effect and mechanisms of green manuring and zeolite application on NO emission.

Rapid and one-tube detection of human metapneumovirus using the RT-RPA and CRISPR/Cas12a.

Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a common pathogen that can cause acute respiratory tract infections and is prevalent worldwide. There is yet no effective vaccine or specific treatment for HMPV. Early, rapid, and accurate detection is essential to treat the disease and control the spread of infection.

Enhancing crop production and carbon sequestration of wheat in arid areas by green manure with reduced nitrogen fertilizer.

Green manure with appropriate amount of chemical nitrogen fertilizer can increase crop yield, but also aggravate soil carbon emissions. However, it is unclear whether incorporation of green manure into the cropping pattern with reduced nitrogen amount can alleviate this situation and enhance carbon sequestration potential. So, a field experiment with split-plot design was set up in 2018 of northwest China, and studied the effects of nitrogen reduction on crop productivity, carbon emissions, and carbon sequestration potential in 2021-2023.

Blue light regulated lignin and cellulose content of soybean petioles and stems under low light intensity.

To improve light harvest and plant structural support under low light intensity, it is useful to investigate the effects of different ratios of blue light on petiole and stem growth. Two true leaves of soybean seedlings were exposed to a total light intensity of 200μmolm-2 s-1 , presented as either white light or three levels of blue light (40μmolm-2 s-1 , 67μmolm-2 s-1 and 100μmolm-2 s-1 ) for 15days. Soybean petioles under the low blue light treatment upregulated expression of genes relating to lignin metabolism, enhancing lignin content compared with the white light treatment.

A multiplex recombinase polymerase amplification assay combined with CRISPR/Cas12a for the detection of respiratory syncytial virus and respiratory adenovirus.

Objective: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and respiratory adenovirus (ADV) are two common pathogens that cause acute respiratory tract infections in children. We aimed to develop a rapid method for detecting both pathogens simultaneously.

Methods: The recombinase polymerase isothermal amplification (RPA) method was combined with the CRISPR/Cas detection system.

Performance of targeted next-generation sequencing in the detection of respiratory pathogens and antimicrobial resistance genes for children.

Respiratory tract infection, which is associated with high morbidity and mortality, occurs frequently in children. At present, the main diagnostic method is culture. However, the low pathogen detection rate of the culture approach prevents timely and accurate diagnosis.

New insights into the occurrence of continuous cropping obstacles in pea (Pisum sativum L.) from soil bacterial communities, root metabolism and gene transcription.

Background: Continuous cropping is a significant obstacle to sustainable development in the pea (Pisum sativum L.) industry, but the underlying mechanisms of this remain unclear. In this study, we used 16 S rDNA sequencing, transcriptomics, and metabolomics to analyze the response mechanism of roots and soil bacteria to continuous cropping and the relationship between soil bacteria and root phenotypes of different pea genotypes (Ding wan 10 and Yun wan 8).

Enhancement and Repair of Degenerative Intervertebral Disc in Rats Using Platelet-Rich Plasma/Ferulic Acid Hydrogel.

Background: Intervertebral degenerative disc (IDD) disease is one of the most common clinical conditions causing low back pain. The main objective of this study was to investigate the repair effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and ferulic acid (FA) hydrogel compound on degenerative discs in rats in combination with bioengineering technology, which may provide a strong theoretical basis for the future treatment of IDD.

Methods: Forty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into groups A-F; MRI was performed in each group at 0, 4, and 8 weeks after injection; and disc tissues were obtained after executing the animals.

Delayed application of N fertilizer mitigates the carbon emissions of pea/maize intercropping altering soil microbial diversity.

Strategies to reduce carbon emissions have been a hotspot in sustainable agriculture production. The delayed N fertilizer application had the potential to reduce carbon emissions in pea ( L.)/maize ( L.

No-till and nitrogen fertilizer reduction improve nitrogen translocation and productivity of spring wheat ( L.) promotion of plant transpiration.

Excessive nitrogen (N) fertilizer has threatened the survivability and sustainability of agriculture. Improving N productivity is promising to address the above issue. Therefore, the field experiment, which investigated the effect of no-till and N fertilizer reduction on water use and N productivity of spring wheat ( L.

Energy budgeting, carbon budgeting, and carbon footprints of straw and plastic film management for environmentally clean of wheat-maize intercropping system in northwestern China.

Modern agricultural production is an energy- and carbon-intensive system. Enhancing energy and carbon efficiencies and reducing carbon footprints are important issues of sustainable development in modern agriculture. This study aimed to comprehensively assess energy and carbon budgeting and carbon footprints in wheat-maize intercropping, monoculture maize, and monoculture wheat with straw and plastic film management approaches, as based on a field experiment conducted in northwestern China.

Optimized nitrogen rate, plant density, and irrigation level reduced ammonia emission and nitrate leaching on maize farmland in the oasis area of China.

Nitrogen fertilizers play a key role in crop production to meet global food demand. Inappropriate application of nitrogen fertilizer coupled with poor irrigation and other crop management practices threaten agriculture and environmental sustainability. Over application of nitrogen fertilizer increases nitrogen gas emission and nitrate leaching.

N-fertilizer postponing application improves dry matter translocation and increases system productivity of wheat/maize intercropping.

Intercropping increases the grain yield to feed the ever-growing population in the world by cultivating two crop species on the same area of land. It has been proven that N-fertilizer postponed topdressing can boost the productivity of cereal/legume intercropping. However, whether the application of this technology to cereal/cereal intercropping can still increase grain yield is unclear.

Photosynthetic Physiological Characteristics of Water and Nitrogen Coupling for Enhanced High-Density Tolerance and Increased Yield of Maize in Arid Irrigation Regions.

To some extent, the photosynthetic traits of developing leaves of maize are regulated systemically by water and nitrogen. However, it remains unclear whether photosynthesis is systematically regulated water and nitrogen when maize crops are grown under close (high density) planting conditions. To address this, a field experiment that had a split-split plot arrangement of treatments was designed.

Integrated farming with intercropping increases food production while reducing environmental footprint.

Food security has been a significant issue for the livelihood of smallholder family farms in highly populated regions and countries. Industrialized farming in more developed countries has increased global food supply to meet the demand, but the excessive use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides has negative environmental impacts. Finding sustainable ways to grow more food with a smaller environmental footprint is critical.

Improving wheat grain yield via promotion of water and nitrogen utilization in arid areas.

Crop yield is limited by water and nitrogen (N) availability. However, in Hexi Corridor of northwestern China, water scarcity and excessive fertilizer N in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production causes serious conflicts between water and N supply and crop demand.

Attenuating the Variability of Lipids Is Beneficial for the Hypertension Management to Reduce the Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality in Older Adults.

To investigate the beneficial of attenuating the variability of lipids to the hypertension management in older adults. Between April 2008 and November 2010, 1,244 hypertensive patients aged ≥60 years were recruited and randomized into placebo and rosuvastatin groups. Outcomes and inter-visit plasma lipids variability were assessed.

No Tillage With Plastic Re-mulching Maintains High Maize Productivity Regulating Hydrothermal Effects in an Arid Region.

Plastic is a valuable mulching measure for increasing crop productivity in arid environments; however, little is known about the main mechanism by which this valuable technology actuates spatial-temporal changes in soil hydrothermal effect. So a 3-year field experiment was conducted to optimize soil hydrothermal effect of maize field with three plastic mulched management treatments: (1) no tillage with plastic re-mulching (NM), (2) reduced tillage with plastic mulching (RM), and (3) conventional tillage with annual new plastic mulching (CM). The results showed that NM treatment increased soil water content by 6.