Oxidation of tea polyphenols promotes chlorophyll degradation during black tea fermentation.

The color of black tea is directly affected by chlorophyll degradation during fermentation. In this study, the content of chlorophyll and its derivatives during fermentation was determined by HPLC, and chlorophyll a and b were shown to decrease significantly (44.23% and 24.

Effects of root-irrigation with metalaxyl-M and hymexazol on soil physical and chemical properties, enzyme activity, and the fungal diversity, community structure and function.

Fungicides are commonly applied through root irrigation in tobacco fields to control soil-borne diseases, and they affect soil microorganisms. However, the effects of metalaxyl-M and hymexazol, used to manage tobacco black shank disease, on these soil microecology remain poorly understood. This study employed high-throughput sequencing technology to explore the soil physical and chemical properties, soil enzyme activity, and the diversity, community structure and function of soil fungi in tobacco fields following root irrigation with metalaxyl-M and hymexazol.

Characteristics and Trends of Workplace Violence towards Frontline Health Workers under Comprehensive Interventions in a Chinese Infectious Disease Hospital.

Objectives: This study investigated workplace violence (WPV) toward frontline health workers under comprehensive interventions to improve the occupational safety and health management system in a Chinese infectious disease hospital.

Methods: The risk assessment of WPV using an international questionnaire was conducted in 2018 and 2021 to compare the perceived levels of exposure to WPV and intervention measures before and after the intensification of anti-violence measures in the hospital context. Additionally, qualitative data were collected in 2021 through semi-structured and unstructured interviews, providing complementary information about WPV toward frontline health workers (HWs).

Decreased cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP) binding to GluRl on neuronal membranes mediates memory impairment resulting from prolonged hypobaric hypoxia exposure.

Aim: To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying memory impairment induced by high-altitude (HA) hypoxia, specifically focusing on the role of cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP) in regulating the AMPA receptor subunit GluR1 and its potential as a therapeutic target.

Methods: A mouse model was exposed to 14 days of hypobaric hypoxia (HH), simulating conditions at an altitude of 6000 m. Behavioral tests were conducted to evaluate memory function.

Preliminary Insights on Barriers to and Facilitators of Healthy Eating for Rural Residents Emerging from Extreme Poverty: A Qualitative Study in Dafang, China.

The purpose of this study was to examine the dietary views and practices and to identify associated barriers to and facilitators of healthy eating of rural residents emerging from poverty in the context of rapid socio-economic development. A qualitative design with semi-structured interviews was utilized to collect detailed insights into the dietary behaviors of 22 rural residents from 10 villages in Fengshan town, Dafang county, Guizhou province, China. Thematic analysis was applied to interpret the interview data, guided by the socio-ecological model.

hUCMSC-derived exosomes protect against GVHD-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in CD4 T cells by targeting the miR-16-5p/ATF6/CHOP axis.

Exosomes generated from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are thought to be a unique therapeutic strategy for several autoimmune deficiency illnesses. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the protective effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (hUCMSC-Exo) on CD4 T cells dysfunction during graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and to identify the underlying processes involved. Here, we showed that hUCMSC-Exo treatment can effectively attenuate GVHD injury by alleviating redox metabolism disorders and inflammatory cytokine bursts in CD4 T cells.

High-altitude hypoxia exposure inhibits erythrophagocytosis by inducing macrophage ferroptosis in the spleen.

High-altitude polycythemia (HAPC) affects individuals living at high altitudes, characterized by increased red blood cells (RBCs) production in response to hypoxic conditions. The exact mechanisms behind HAPC are not fully understood. We utilized a mouse model exposed to hypobaric hypoxia (HH), replicating the environmental conditions experienced at 6000 m above sea level, coupled with in vitro analysis of primary splenic macrophages under 1% O to investigate these mechanisms.

Tat-CIRP Peptide Facilitates Frozen Wound Healing by Ameliorating Inflammation and Promoting Angiogenesis.

Background: Frostbite is a chemia resulting from cold-induced skin damage. The process of frostbite is often accompanied by inflammation, and the therapeutic strategies focusing on anti-inflammation are the main direction to data. Tat-CIRP is a 15 amino acid peptide containing HIV protein and cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP), which is believed to compete with endogenous CIRP for myeloid differentiation 2 (MD2) binding.

The causal relationship between serum metabolites and the risk of psoriasis: a Mendelian randomization and meta-analysis study.

Objective: To explore the influence of serum metabolites on the risk of psoriasis.

Methods: In the initial stage, we applied Mendelian randomization to evaluate the association between 1,400 serum metabolites and the risk of psoriasis. Causal effects were primarily assessed through the Inverse-Variance Weighted method and Wald Ratio's odds ratios, and 95% confidence intervals.

Unraveling the complex pathophysiology of white matter hemorrhage in intracerebral stroke: A single-cell RNA sequencing approach.

Aim: This study aims to elucidate the cellular dynamics and pathophysiology of white matter hemorrhage (WMH) in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Methods: Using varying doses of collagenase IV, a consistent rat ICH model characterized by pronounced WMH was established. Verification was achieved through behavioral assays, hematoma volume, and histological evaluations.

Network pharmacology and gut microbiota insights: unraveling Shenling Baizhu powder's role in psoriasis treatment.

Psoriasis, a chronic skin condition characterized by systemic inflammation and altered gut microbiota, has been a target of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for centuries. Shenling Baizhu Powder (SLBZP), a TCM formulation, holds promise for treating inflammatory diseases, but its specific role in psoriasis and impact on gut microbiota is not fully understood. This study aims to elucidate the mechanism of SLBZP in treating psoriasis, integrating component analysis, network pharmacology, and experimental validation in mice models.

A bibliometrics study on the status quo and hot topics of pathogenesis of psoriasis based on Web of Science.

Background: Psoriasis is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory skin disease. Great progress has been made in the pathogenesis of psoriasis in recent years, but there is no bibliometric study on the pathogenesis of psoriasis. The purpose of this study was to use bibliometrics method to analyze the research overview and hot spots of pathogenesis of psoriasis in recent 10 years, so as to further understand the development trend and frontier of this field.

The key aroma components of steamed green tea decoded by sensomics and their changes under different withering degree.

Steamed green tea has a long history and unique aroma, but little is known about its key aroma components. In this study, 173 volatiles in steamed green tea were identified using solvent-assisted flavor evaporation and headspace-solid phase microextraction plus two chromatographic columns of different polarities. Aroma extract dilution analysis revealed 48 highly aroma-active compounds with flavor dilution factors 64-1024.

Study on color, aroma, and taste formation mechanism of large-leaf yellow tea during an innovative manufacturing process.

This study used samples processed with an innovative manufacturing process to explore the dynamic changes of large-leaf yellow tea (LYT) in color, aroma, and taste substances, and the quality components were most significantly affected in the stages of first pile-yellowing (FP) and over-fired drying (TD). In this process, the moisture and temperature conditions caused chlorophyll degradation, Maillard reactions, caramelization reactions, and isomerization of phenolic substances, forming the quality of LYT. Specifically, chlorophyll degradation favored the formation of color quality; the taste quality was determined by the content of soluble sugars, amino acids, catechins, etc.

Heterogeneous Structures Consisting of Rod-like ZnO Interspersed with CeS Nanoparticles for Photo-Sensitive Supercapacitors with Enhanced Capacitive Performance.

Photosensitive supercapacitors incorporate light-sensitive materials on capacitive electrodes, enabling solar energy conversion and storage in one device. In this study, heterogeneous structures of rod-shaped ZnO decorated with CeS nanoparticles on nickel foam (ZnO@CeS/NF) are synthesized using a two-step hydrothermal method as photosensitive supercapacitor electrodes for capacitance enhancement under visible light. The formation of ZnO@CeS heterogeneous structures is confirmed using various structural characterization techniques.

Hypobaric hypoxia induces iron mobilization from liver and spleen and increases serum iron via activation of ghrelin/GHSR1a/MAPK signalling pathway in mice.

Hypobaric hypoxia (HH) exposure affects appetite and serum iron levels in both humans and animals. Thus, whether appetite-regulating ghrelin is involved in iron regulation under HH needs to be elucidated. In vivo, C57BL/6J mice were placed in a hypobaric chamber to establish a 6000-m-high altitude exposure animal model.

Mechanism of aroma enhancement methods in accelerating Congou black tea acidification subjected to room temperature storage.

Acidification of aroma-enhanced black tea during storage was studied. UPLC-Q-TOF/MS (Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography and Quadrupole-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometer) and HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography) analysis of non-volatile substances and organic acids revealed a decrease of soluble sugars and amino acids in aroma-enhanced black tea, while an increase in organic acids such as oxalic acid, malic acid and quinic acid. Further in vitro experiments indicated that the acidification of aroma-enhanced tea during storage can be attributed to decomposition of sugars and amino acids by heating, oxidation of aromatic aldehydes.

Characterizing and Decoding the Effects of Different Fermentation Levels on Key Aroma Substances of Congou Black Tea by Sensomics.

Fermentation is the key technology for black tea aroma formation. The key aroma substances of black tea at different fermentation stages (unfermented (WDY), underfermented (F1H), fully fermented (F4H), and overfermented (F8H)) were characterized by the methodology of Sensomics. Aroma extract dilution analysis was performed on volatile fractions extracted by using solvent-assisted flavor evaporation and solid-phase microextraction, yielding 93 odor-active areas.

Exosomal EIF5A derived from Lewis lung carcinoma induced adipocyte wasting in cancer cachexia.

Cancer cachexia is a systemic inflammation-driven syndrome, characterized by muscle atrophy and adipose tissue wasting, with progressive weight loss leading to serious impairment of physiological function. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from cancer cells play a significant role in adipocyte lipolysis, yet the mechanism remain uneclucidated. In this study, EVs derived from Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells were extracted and characterized.

A predictive model for hyperuricemia among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Urumqi, China.

Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) are more likely to suffer from a higher uric acid level in blood-hyperuricemia (HUA). There are no conclusive studies done to predict HUA among T2DM patients. Therefore, this study aims to explore the risk factors of HUA among T2DM patients and finally suggest a model to help with its prediction.

Using HIV Risk Self-Assessment Tools to Increase HIV Testing in Men Who Have Sex With Men in Beijing, China: App-Based Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Men who have sex with men (MSM) in China hold a low-risk perception of acquiring HIV. This has resulted in an inadequate HIV testing rate.

Objective: This study aims to investigate whether administering HIV risk self-assessments with tailored feedback on a gay geosocial networking (GSN) app could improve HIV testing rates and reduce sexual risk behaviors in Chinese MSM.

Analysis of the potential pyroptosis mechanism in psoriasis and experimental validation of NLRP3 in vitro and in vivo.

Pyroptosis provides new perspectives on the mechanisms underlying psoriasis and the development of new treatment strategies. Here, we aimed to identify pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) involved in the pathogenesis and progression of psoriasis. Based on the inclusion/exclusion criteria, three gene datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.

CX3CL1/CX3CR1 signal mediates M1-type microglia and accelerates high-altitude-induced forgetting.

Introduction: Hypoxia-induced neuronal damage is the primary cause of cognitive impairment induced by high-altitude exposure. Microglia play a crucial regulatory role in the central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis and synaptic plasticity. M1-type polarized microglia are suspected to be responsible for CNS injury under hypoxic conditions, but the exact molecular mechanism is still unelucidated.