Pancreas-targeted lipid nanoparticles for relatively non-invasive interleukin-12 mRNA therapy in orthotopic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) represents 90 % of pancreatic cancers and shows limited response to immune therapy owing to the highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Cytokine-encoded mRNA therapy demonstrates a great promise in converting "cold" tumors into "hot" ones, while it is typically administered through intratumoral injection and applicable only to superficial tumors, which limites their application in PDAC. In this study, we design and develop a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) delivery system capable of targeting pancreatic tissue via intraperitoneal (I.

Non-iterative far-field synthetic aperture imaging via space-domain Kramers-Kronig relations.

Non-interferometric synthetic aperture imaging (SAI) shows significant potential in Earth observation, astronomy, and remote sensing. However, these methods often involve time-consuming processes for wave field acquisition and iterative image reconstruction. In this Letter, we present a non-iterative far-field synthetic aperture imaging method, macroscopic space-domain Kramers-Kronig relations synthetic aperture imaging (MSKR-SAI).

Global access to management of primary hyperoxaluria: a survey on behalf of OxalEurope, G&K working group of the ERA, and ESPN.

Background And Hypothesis: Primary hyperoxaluria (PH) is a rare disorder with significant morbidity and mortality if left untreated. Given the rarity, global inequities in diagnostics and treatment are expected. Recently introduced RNA interference therapeutics (RNAi) have dramatically changed the outcome for PH patients, potentially disproportionately affecting low-resource regions.

Iterative Kramers-Kronig method for non-interferometric quantitative phase imaging: beyond the first-order Born and Rytov approximations.

Traditional non-interferometric quantitative phase imaging (QPI) methods often face challenges in realizing rapid and accurate imaging of large-phase samples, mainly due to slow convergence and dependence on object approximation models. In this Letter, we propose a new, to the best of our knowledge, non-interferometric QPI approach that leverages iterative Kramers-Kronig (KK) relations, named iKK-QPI, to achieve high-accuracy quantitative measurement of objects with large-phase values. In the current KK relations reconstruction framework, we impose real-part constraints on the cepstrum, breaking the restriction of weak scattering condition.

The protective roles of boron against copper excess in citrus roots: Insights from physiology, transcriptome, and metabolome.

Boron (B) deficiency and copper (Cu) excess are common problems in citrus orchard soils. Citrus sinensis seedlings were exposed to 25 (B25) or 2.5 (B2.

Regulation of Reaction Pathways in Coordinated Chains by Directional Mechanical Force.

Mechanochemistry refers to chemical reactions induced by mechanical forces. Due to different reaction mechanisms, products obtained through mechanochemistry can be distinct from those produced by thermochemistry and photochemistry. Scanning probe microscopy is a powerful tool for studying single-molecule mechanochemical processes.

Pulmonary Nuclear protein in Testis (NUT) carcinoma: clinical, molecular characteristics, and treatment strategies.

Background: Pulmonary nuclear protein in testis (NUT) carcinoma is a rare and aggressive malignancy that often exhibits clinical and pathological features overlapping with other thoracic malignancies, posing significant challenges for accurate diagnosis and leading to poor treatment outcomes.

Method: We conducted a retrospective analysis of five patients diagnosed with pulmonary NUT carcinoma between 2020 and 2023. Comprehensive clinical, imaging, histopathological, and molecular data and survival outcomes were collected.

Kinetic-pharmacodynamic model to predict post-rituximab B-cell repletion as a predictor of relapse in pediatric idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.

Purpose: Rituximab has proven efficacy in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS). However, vast majority of children inevitably experience relapse with B-cell repletion, necessitating repeat course of rituximab, which may increase the risk of adverse effects. The timing of additional dosing and optional dosing regimen of rituximab in pediatric patients with INS have yet to be determined.

Nanoparticles (NPs)-mediated silencing of GSTP1 expression to reverse chemoresistance for effective breast cancer therapy.

Chemotherapy remains the primary treatment modality for breast cancer (BCa) patients. However, chemoresistance commonly arises in clinical settings, contributing to poor prognosis. The development of chemoresistance is a dynamic and complex process involving the activation of oncogenes and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes.

An Efficient and Cost-Effective Novel Strategy for Identifying CRISPR-Cas-Mediated Mutants in Plant Offspring.

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 system has revolutionized targeted mutagenesis, but screening for mutations in large sample pools can be time-consuming and costly. We present an efficient and cost-effective polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based strategy for identifying edited mutants in the T generation. Unlike previous methods, our approach addresses the challenges of large progeny populations by using T generation sequencing results for genotype prediction.

Chirality induced spin selectivity in electron transport investigated by scanning probe microscopy.

Chirality induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect implies the relationship between chirality and magnetism, attracting extensive attention in the fields of physics, chemistry and biology. Since it was first discovered with photoemission method in 1999, the CISS effect has been investigated and measured by a variety of methods. Among different means of measurements, scanning probe microscopy (SPM) as a powerful tool to explore the CISS effect, can directly measure and present the spin filtering property of chiral molecules in electron transport.

Efficacy of initial combination with belimumab in newly diagnosed childhood-onset lupus nephritis: a single-centre historical control study.

Objective: To explore the efficacy of initial treatment of newly diagnosed childhood-onset lupus nephritis (cLN) with combination of belimumab and either cyclophosphamide, mycophenolate mofetil, tacrolimus or multitargeted therapy.

Methods: A historical control study was conducted on children aged 5-17 years with newly diagnosed cLN. All patients recruited met the 2012 Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics and/or 2019 European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for SLE, and the 2003 International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society histopathological criteria for LN.

The neural ensembles activated by propofol and isoflurane anesthesia across the whole mouse brain.

General anesthesia has been widely used in surgical procedures. Propofol and isoflurane are the most commonly used injectable and inhaled anesthetics, respectively. The various adverse effects induced by propofol and isoflurane are highly associated with the anesthetic-dependent change of brain activities.

Which surrogate endpoint best predict survival in locally advanced gastric cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy followed by surgery? A multicenter retrospective study.

Introduction: Recent clinical researches have reported that neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (NCIT) significantly improve the pathological complete response (pCR) and major pathological response (MPR) rates. However, surrogate endpoints for survival remains controversy for locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) after NCIT.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 84 patients with LAGC who had undergone NCIT following radical resection in three medical centers in China, between July 2020 and September 2023.

A nanoscale natural drug delivery system for targeted drug delivery against ovarian cancer: action mechanism, application enlightenment and future potential.

Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the deadliest gynecological malignancies in the world and is the leading cause of cancer-related death in women. The complexity and difficult-to-treat nature of OC pose a huge challenge to the treatment of the disease, Therefore, it is critical to find green and sustainable drug treatment options. Natural drugs have wide sources, many targets, and high safety, and are currently recognized as ideal drugs for tumor treatment, has previously been found to have a good effect on controlling tumor progression and reducing the burden of metastasis.

Bioinformatics study of bortezomib resistance-related proteins and signaling pathways in mantle cell lymphoma.

Background: The bortezomib (BTZ) resistance mechanisms in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) are complex, involving various genes and signaling pathways. This study used bioinformatical tools to identify and analyze differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with BTZ resistance.

Methods: Gene chip datasets containing MCL BTZ-resistant and normal control cohorts (GSE20915 and GSE51371) were selected from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.

Preoperative CT-based intra- and peri-tumoral radiomic models for differentiating benign and malignant tumors of the parotid gland: a two-center study.

Objective: To investigate the ability of intra- and peritumoral radiomics based on three-phase computed tomography (CT) to distinguish between malignant and benign parotid tumors.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from 374 patients with parotid gland tumors, all confirmed by histopathology. A total of 321 patients from Center 1 (January 2014 to January 2023) were randomly divided into the training set and internal testing set at a ratio of 7:3, whereas 53 patients from Center 2 (January 2020 to June 2022) constituted the external testing set.

APOE 𝜀4-related blood-brain barrier breakdown is associated with microstructural abnormalities.

Introduction: Blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction occurs in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Yet, the stage at which it appears along the AD time course and whether it contributes to neurodegeneration remain unclear.

Methods: Older adults (61 to 90 years) from cognitively normal (CN) to mildly cognitively impaired (CI), enriched for APOE 𝜀4 and amyloid positivity, underwent dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion MRI to measure BBB permeability and brain microstructure.

Prognostic biomarkers for immunotherapy in esophageal cancer.

Esophageal cancer (EC), a common type of malignant tumor, ranks as the sixth highest contributor to cancer-related mortality worldwide. Due to the condition that most patients with EC are diagnosed at advanced or metastatic status, the efficacy of conventional treatments including surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy is limited, resulting in a dismal 5-year overall survival rate. In recent years, the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has presented a novel therapeutic avenue for EC patients.