Sex Difference in Histopathological and Steroidogenesis Metabolism of Zebrafish After Exposure to Spiromesifen.

Spiromesifen (SPM) is widely used for orchard mites and white fly control. The ecotoxicological data suggested that SPM is highly toxic to fish, but the information about its toxic effect on zebrafish is still obscure. In this study, adult zebrafish were exposed to SPM for 21 days.

Synthesis and Antifungal Evaluation of Cinnamic Acid-Geraniol Hybrids as Potential Fungicides.

Cinnamic acid and geraniol are two well-known antifungal natural products and widely applied in food and cosmetics industries. To discover novel natural product-based fungicide candidates with more potent activity and good ecological compatibility for the management of plant diseases, a series of cinnamic acid-geraniol hybrids were prepared by means of molecular hybridization and their chemical structures were well confirmed by spectral analysis. The antifungal activities of the target compounds against three phytopathogenic fungi Fusarium graminearum, Gaeumannomyces graminis (Sacc.

Transcriptional dynamics of Fusarium pseudograminearum under high fungicide stress and the important role of FpZRA1 in fungal pathogenicity and DON toxin production.

Fusarium pseudograminearum, the causal agent of Fusarium crown rot, poses a significant threat to cereal crops. Building upon our previous investigation of the transcriptional response of this pathogen to four key fungicides (carbendazim, phenamacril, pyraclostrobin, and tebuconazole), this study delves into the impact of elevated fungicide concentrations using RNA-seq. Global transcriptomic analysis and gene clustering revealed significant enrichment of genes involved in the ABC transporter pathway.

Effects of penthiopyrad on the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis in zebrafish.

Exposure to specific pesticides has been demonstrated to alter normal thyroid function of aquatic vertebrates. This study aimed to investigate the impact of penthiopyrad (PO) on the thyroid function of zebrafish, further elucidating its toxic mechanisms on the early developmental stages of zebrafish. Exposure to sublethal doses of PO (0.

Design, synthesis, and anti-oomycete activity of 3-acyloxymaltol/ethyl maltol derivatives.

Twenty 3-acyloxymaltol/ethyl maltol derivatives ( and ) were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-oomycete activity against , respectively. Among all of twenty derivatives, more than half of the compounds , , and had anti-oomycete activity higher than the positive control zoxamide (EC = 22.23 mg/L), and the EC values of 18.

Comparative transcriptome analysis of Fusarium graminearum challenged with distinct fungicides and functional analysis of FgICL gene.

Fusarium graminearum is an economically important phytopathogenic fungus. Chemical control remains the dominant approach to managing this plant pathogen. In the present study, we performed a comparative transcriptome analysis to understand the effects of four commercially used fungicides on F.

Design, synthesis and anti-oomycete activity of 2-acyloxyhinokitiol derivatives.

In order to explore novel natural product-based anti-oomycete agent, ten 2-acyloxyhinokitiol derivatives () were designed and synthesised, and structurally confirmed by H NMR,C NMR, HRMS, and melting point. The stereochemical configuration of compound was unambiguously confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Furthermore, we evaluated the target compounds as anti-oomycete activity against a serious agricultural disease of .

Male refractory hypospadias with sexual reversal: a case report.

Background: Hypospadias is one of the most prevalent urogenital malformations in clinic. However, some hypospadias may have a more complex disorder of sex development. Usually, hypospadias in these patients is severe.

Assessment of reproductive toxicity in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) following sublethal exposure to penthiopyrad.

Penthiopyrad (PO), a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicide, poses a potential risk to fish. Here, we investigated the adverse effects of PO on endocrine regulation and reproductive capacity in zebrafish during a 21-d sublethal exposure to PO concentrations ranging from 0.02 to 2.

Synthesis of novel 18-glycyrrhetinic acid sulfonate derivatives displaying significant anti-oomycete activity against .

Using 18-glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) as the lead compound, fourteen GA sulphonate derivatives (-) were prepared by modifying its C-3 OH group, and their structures were well confirmed by H NMR, C NMR, HRMS and melting points. Moreover, we screened the anti-oomycete activity of these compounds against by using the mycelial growth rate method. Among the fourteen GA sulphonate derivatives evaluated, four compounds , , and exhibited more potent anti-oomycete activity than that of the positive control zoxamide (EC = 25.

Nursing Management of Abdominal Wound Dehiscence of an Infant With Severe Undernutrition and Peristomal Moisture-Associated Dermatitis After Ileostomy Closure: A Case Study.

Background: Abdominal wound dehiscence (AWD) is a costly postoperative complication; its management is particularly challenging for WOC nurses when it occurs secondary to an ostomy closure.

Case: We present a case of AWD secondary to ileostomy closure in Baby Q, a 9-month 19-day-old female infant. A silver wound contact dressing was used on her dehisced wound followed by negative pressure wound therapy and adhesive tape to pull the wound edge together and promote granulation.

Transcriptomic Profiling of in Response to Carbendazim, Pyraclostrobin, Tebuconazole, and Phenamacril.

has been identified as a significant pathogen. It causes Fusarium crown rot (FCR), which occurs in several major wheat-producing areas in China. Chemical control is the primary measure with which to control this disease.

Resistance risk assessment of Fusarium pseudograminearum from wheat to prothioconazole.

Fusarium crown rot (FCR), primarily caused by Fusarium pseudograminearum, poses significant threats to cereal crops worldwide. Prothioconazole is a demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicide used to control FCR. However, the risk of resistance in F.

Pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions in management of peripheral venipuncture-related pain: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Venipuncture is a routine nursing procedure in the pediatric ward for blood collection and transfusion. However, this procedure can cause severe pain and distress if not adequately managed.

Methods: Children aged 3-16 years old were randomized into three groups: EMLA group, distraction group, and combined group.

Transcriptomic profiling of miR-203a inhibitor and miR-34b-injected zebrafish (Danio rerio) validates oil-induced neurological, cardiovascular and eye toxicity response pathways.

The global sequencing of microRNA (miRNA; miR) and integration to downstream mRNA expression profiles in early life stages (ELS) of fish following exposure to crude oil determined consistently dysregulated miRNAs regardless of the oil source or fish species. The overlay of differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs into in silico software determined that the key roles of these miRNAs were predicted to be involved in cardiovascular, neurological and visually-mediated pathways. Of these, altered expression of miRNAs, miR-203a and miR-34b were predicted to be primary targets of crude oil.

Relationship between miR-203a inhibition and oil-induced toxicity in early life stage zebrafish ().

Dysregulation of microRNA (miRNA, miR) by environmental stressors influences the transcription of mRNA which may impair organism development and/or lead to adverse physiological outcomes. Early studies evaluating the effects of oil on developmental toxicity in early life stages of fish showed that reductions in expression of miR-203a were associated with enhanced expression of downstream mRNAs that predicted altered eye development, cardiovascular disease, and improper fin development. To better understand the effects of miR-203a inhibition as an outcome of oil-induced toxicity in early life stage (ELS) fish, embryonic zebrafish were injected with an miR-203a inhibitor or treated with 3.

Sensitivity and Resistance Risk Assessment of from Wheat to Prothioconazole.

Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused mainly by , is one of the most devastating diseases of wheat. Prothioconazole is a broad-spectrum demethylation inhibitor fungicide with excellent efficacy against FHB. In this study, 235 strains of collected from different regions of Henan Province of China in 2016, 2017, and 2018 were randomly selected.

Environmental level of bisphenol F induced reproductive toxicity toward zebrafish.

Bisphenol F (BPF), as an important bisphenol A substitute, is being increasingly used for industrial production. Here we performed large scale fecundity test for zebrafish that are continuous exposed to environmental levels of BPF (0.5, 5 and 50 μg/L) from embryonic stage, and identified suppressed spawning capacity of females and reduced fertility rate of males in adulthood.

miR133b Microinjection during Early Development Targets Transcripts of Cardiomyocyte Ion Channels and Induces Oil-like Cardiotoxicity in Zebrafish () Embryos.

Previous studies have shown that altered expression of a family of small noncoding RNAs (microRNAs, or miRs) regulates the expression of downstream mRNAs and is associated with diseases and developmental disorders. miR133b is highly expressed in mammalian cardiac and skeletal muscle, and aberrant expression is associated with cardiac disorders and electrophysiological changes in cardiomyocytes. Similarly, cardiac dysfunction has been observed in early life-stage mahi-mahi () exposed to crude oil, a phenotype that has been associated with an upregulation of miR133b as well as subsequent downregulation of a delayed rectifier potassium channel (I) and calcium signaling genes that are important for proper heart development during embryogenesis.

Tralopyril affects locomotor activity of zebrafish (Danio rerio) by impairing tail muscle tissue, the nervous system, and energy metabolism.

Tralopyril (TP), an antifouling biocide, is widely used to prevent heavy biofouling, and can have potential risks to aquatic organisms. In this study, the effect of TP on locomotor activity and related mechanisms were evaluated in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae. TP significantly reduced locomotor activity after 168 -h exposure.

Environmentally relevant concentrations of tralopyril affect carbohydrate metabolism and lipid metabolism of zebrafish (Danio rerio) by disrupting mitochondrial function.

Tralopyril (TP), an antifouling biocide, is widely used to prevent heavy biofouling, and can have potential risks to aquatic organisms. However, there is little information available on the toxicity of tralopyril to aquatic organisms. In this study, the effect of TP on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and related mechanisms were evaluated in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae.

Bioaccumulation, Metabolism and the Toxic Effects of Chlorfenapyr in Zebrafish ().

Chlorfenapyr is widely used as an insecticide/miticide. Tralopyril, the active metabolite of chlorfenapyr, is used as an antifouling biocide in antifouling systems, and negatively affects aquatic environments. However, it is unclear whether tralopyril is a metabolite of chlorfenapyr in aquatic vertebrates, and there is little data on the bioaccumulation and toxicity of chlorfenapyr to aquatic vertebrates.

Comparison of the Diagnostic Performances of Ultrasound-Based Models for Predicting Malignancy in Patients With Adnexal Masses.

Aim: This study aimed to compare different ultrasound-based International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) prediction models, namely, the Simple Rules (SRs) the Assessment of Different NEoplasias in the adneXa (ADNEX) models, and the Risk of Malignancy Index (RMI), for the pre-operative diagnosis of adnexal mass.

Methods: This single-centre diagnostic accuracy study involved 486 patients. All ultrasound examinations were analyzed and the prediction models were applied.

Toxic effects of broflanilide exposure on development of zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos and its potential cardiotoxicity mechanism.

Diamide insecticides are a threat to aquatic organisms but the toxicity of broflanilide remains largely undefined. In this study, to clarify the risk of broflanilide to aquatic organisms and explore its possible mechanism, lethal and sub-lethal exposure of zebrafish embryos were performed. The acute toxicity LC (50% lethal concentration) (96 h) of broflanilide to zebrafish embryos and larvae were 3.