Developing an individual depression risk score based on traditional risk factors and routine biochemical markers.

Background: Early identification of individuals at high risk for depression is essential for effective implementation of interventions. This study utilized the UK Biobank database to construct an individual depression risk score using nomogram and explored the potential of traditional risk factors and routine biochemical markers for the auxiliary diagnosis of individual depression.

Methods: A total of 369,407 participants were included in the study and divided into training and testing sets.

Systemic inflammatory regulators are associated with two common types of neuropathic pain: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Currently, there is limited and inconsistent evidence regarding the causal relationship between systemic inflammatory regulators and two common types of neuropathic pain, namely, postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) and trigeminal neuralgia (TN). This study employed a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to investigate the causal relationship between systemic inflammatory regulators and these two common neuropathic pain conditions.

Methods: In this study, 41 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with PHN and TN were selected as instrumental variables (IVs) representing systemic inflammatory regulators.

Indole-3-Acetic Acid Esterified with Waxy, Normal, and High-Amylose Maize Starches: Comparative Study on Colon-Targeted Delivery and Intestinal Health Impact.

Unlabelled: Background: Accumulating research suggests that metabolites produced by gut microbiota are essential for maintaining a balanced gut and immune system. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), one of tryptophan metabolites from gut microbiota, is critical for gut health through mechanisms such as activating aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Delivery of IAA to colon is beneficial for treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, and one promising strategy is IAA esterified starch, which is digested by gut microbes in colon and releases loaded IAA.

Feature diffusion reconstruction mechanism network for crop spike head detection.

Introduction: Monitoring crop spike growth using low-altitude remote sensing images is essential for precision agriculture, as it enables accurate crop health assessment and yield estimation. Despite the advancements in deep learning-based visual recognition, existing crop spike detection methods struggle to balance computational efficiency with accuracy in complex multi-scale environments, particularly on resource-constrained low-altitude remote sensing platforms.

Methods: To address this gap, we propose FDRMNet, a novel feature diffusion reconstruction mechanism network designed to accurately detect crop spikes in challenging scenarios.

Prognostic value of the geriatric nutritional risk index in patients with non-metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a propensity score matching analysis.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) in patients with non-metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) who underwent nephrectomy.

Methods: Patients with non-metastatic ccRCC who underwent nephrectomy between 2013 and 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. The GNRI was calculated within one week before surgery.

Remifentanil vs. dexmedetomidine for cardiac surgery patients with noninvasive ventilation intolerance: a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background: The optimal sedative regime for noninvasive ventilation (NIV) intolerance remains uncertain. The present study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of remifentanil (REM) compared to dexmedetomidine (DEX) in cardiac surgery patients with moderate-to-severe intolerance to NIV.

Methods: In this multicenter, prospective, single-blind, randomized controlled study, adult cardiac surgery patients with moderate-to-severe intolerance to NIV were enrolled and randomly assigned to be treated with either REM or DEX for sedation.

Uncertainty Visualization of Critical Points of 2D Scalar Fields for Parametric and Nonparametric Probabilistic Models.

This paper presents a novel end-to-end framework for closed-form computation and visualization of critical point uncertainty in 2D uncertain scalar fields. Critical points are fundamental topological descriptors used in the visualization and analysis of scalar fields. The uncertainty inherent in data (e.

Primary immunodeficiency-related genes and varicella-zoster virus reactivation syndrome: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Currently, evidence regarding the causal relationship between primary immunodeficiency-related genes and varicella-zoster virus reactivation syndrome is limited and inconsistent. Therefore, this study employs Mendelian randomization (MR) methodology to investigate the causal relationship between the two.

Methods: This study selected 110 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of primary immunodeficiency-related genes as instrumental variables (IVs).

The Solar EruptioN Integral Field Spectrograph.

The Solar eruptioN Integral Field Spectrograph (SNIFS) is a solar-gazing spectrograph scheduled to fly in the summer of 2025 on a NASA sounding rocket. Its goal is to view the solar chromosphere and transition region at a high cadence (1 s) both spatially ( ) and spectrally (33 mÅ) viewing wavelengths around Lyman alpha (1216 Å), Si iii (1206 Å), and O v (1218 Å) to observe spicules, nanoflares, and possibly a solar flare. This time cadence will provide yet-unobserved detail about fast-changing features of the Sun.

Mahuang Fuzi Xixin decoction: A potent analgesic for neuropathic pain targeting the NMDAR2B/CaMKIIα/ERK/CREB pathway.

Neuropathic pain (NeP) is a condition charactesized by nervous system injury or dysfunction that affects a significant portion of the population. Current treatments are ineffective, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic approaches. Mahuang Fuzi Xixin decoction (MFXD) has shown promise for treating pain conditions in clinical practice; however, its potential against NeP and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Using Data-Driven Algorithms with Large-Scale Plasma Proteomic Data to Discover Novel Biomarkers for Diagnosing Depression.

Given recent technological advances in proteomics, it is now possible to quantify plasma proteomes in large cohorts of patients to screen for biomarkers and to guide the early diagnosis and treatment of depression. Here we used CatBoost machine learning to model and discover biomarkers of depression in UK Biobank data sets (depression = 4,479, healthy control = 19,821). CatBoost was employed for model construction, with Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) being utilized to interpret the resulting model.

Exploring mechanisms of anhedonia in depression through neuroimaging and data-driven approaches.

Background: Anhedonia is a core symptom of depression that is closely related to prognosis and treatment outcomes. However, accurate and efficient treatments for anhedonia are lacking, mandating a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: A total of 303 patients diagnosed with depression and anhedonia were assessed by the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Design and synthesis of 6-C-alkyl-DMDP type nanomolar inhibitors of β-galactosidase and β-glucosidase based on broussonetine S and related derivatives.

Broussonetine S (9), its C-1' and C-10' stereoisomers, and their corresponding enantiomers have been synthesized from enantiomeric arabinose-derived cyclic nitrones, with cross metathesis (CM), epoxidation and Keck asymmetric allylation as key steps. Glycosidase inhibition assays showed that broussonetine S (9) and its C-10' epimer (10'-epi-9) were nanomolar inhibitors of bovine liver β-galactosidase and β-glucosidase; while their C-1' stereoisomers were 10-fold less potent towards these enzymes. The glycosidase inhibition results and molecular docking calculations revealed the importance of the configurations of pyrrolidine core and C-1' hydroxyl for inhibition potency and spectra.

Clinical treatment patterns, molecular characteristics and survival outcomes of ROS1-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer: A large multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring ROS1 rearrangements is a molecular subset that exhibits favorable responses to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment than chemotherapy. This study investigated real-world treatment patterns and survival outcomes among patients with ROS1-rearranged advanced NSCLC.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with ROS1-rearranged advanced NSCLC treated in four different hospitals in China from August 2018 to March 2022.

A dual-color ESIPT-based probe for simultaneous detection of hydrogen sulfide and hydrazine.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) and hydrazine (NH) are toxic compounds in environmental and living systems, and hydrogen sulfide is also an important signaling molecule. However, in the absence of dual-color probes capable of detecting both HS and NH, the ability to monitor the crosstalk of these substances is restricted. Herein, we developed an ESIPT-based dual-response fluorescent probe (BDM-DNP) for HS and NH detection dually responsive sites.

The application of proteomics and phosphoproteomics to reveal the molecular mechanism of salidroside in ameliorating myocardial hypoxia.

Salidroside (SAL), belonging to a kind of the main active ingredient of , is extensively utilized for anti-hypoxia and prevention of altitude sickness in the plateau region of China. However, the research on the systemic changes induced by SAL at intracellular protein level is still limited, especially at protein phosphorylation level. These limitations hinder a comprehensive understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of SAL.

Efficacy and safety of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in the elderly versus non-elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: insights from a systematic review.

This systematic review aimed to compare the influence of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) on the efficacy and safety of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes and younger individuals. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases was conducted up to September 2022. The summary standard means difference and odds ratios were calculated.

Study on analgesic effect of Shentong Zhuyu Decoction in neuropathic pain rats by network pharmacology and RNA-Seq.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Shentong Zhuyu Decoction (STZYD) is a traditional prescription for promoting the flow of Qi and Blood which is often used in the treatment of low back and leg pain clinicall with unclear mechanism. Neuropathic pain (NP) is caused by disease or injury affecting the somatosensory system. LncRNAs may play a key role in NP by regulating the expression of pain-related genes through binding mRNAs or miRNAs sponge mechanisms.

Identification and validation of mitophagy-related signatures as a novel prognostic model for colorectal cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in the world. Mitophagy is associated with tumorigenesis and development of malignancy. However, the specific role of mitophagy has yet not been systematically explored in CRC.

Clinical evidence for efficacy of pembrolizumab in MSI-H and TMB-H advanced solid tumor: results from three cancer centers in China.

Background: Pembrolizumab has been indicated in the treatment of solid tumors with high frequency microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or high tumor mutational burden (TMB-H); however, real-world data on the effectiveness of pembrolizumab with or without chemotherapy in this molecular subset remain limited. Our retrospective study evaluated the clinical efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab in treating advanced solid tumors with either MSI-H or TMB-H.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from 116 patients with MSI-H or TMB-H advanced solid cancers who received pembrolizumab with or without chemotherapy regardless of treatment setting.