The independent and combined associations of nocturnal sleep duration, sleep midpoint, and sleep onset latency with global cognitive function in older Chinese adults.

This study aims to investigate the independent and combined associations of nocturnal sleep duration, sleep midpoint, and sleep onset latency with global cognitive function in older Chinese adults. Our cross-sectional study included 4601 community-dwelling cognitively unimpaired adults aged 60 years or older from the West China Health and Aging Cohort Study. Sleep characteristics were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and global cognitive function was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).

Exposure to PFOA, PFOS, and PFHxS induces Alzheimer's disease-like neuropathology in cerebral organoids.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), a class of ubiquitous synthetic organic chemicals, are widely utilized across various industrial applications. However, the long-term neurological health effects of PFAS mixture exposure in humans remain poorly understood. To address this gap, we have designed a comprehensive study to predict and validate cell-type-specific neurotoxicity of PFASs using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and cerebral organoids.

Membrane remodeling by FAM92A1 during brain development regulates neuronal morphology, synaptic function, and cognition.

The Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) domain protein FAM92A1 is a multifunctional protein engaged in regulating mitochondrial ultrastructure and ciliogenesis, but its physiological role in the brain remains unclear. Here, we show that FAM92A1 is expressed in neurons starting from embryonic development. FAM92A1 knockout in mice results in altered brain morphology and age-associated cognitive deficits, potentially due to neuronal degeneration and disrupted synaptic plasticity.

Long-term exposure to cadmium disrupts neurodevelopment in mature cerebral organoids.

Cadmium (Cd) is a pervasive environmental pollutant. Increasing evidence suggests that Cd exposure during pregnancy can induce adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. However, due to the limitations of neural cell and animal models, it is challenging to study the developmental neurotoxicity and underlying toxicity mechanism of long-term exposure to environmental pollutants during human brain development.

Neurodevelopmental defects in human cortical organoids with -acetylneuraminic acid synthase mutation.

Biallelic genetic variants in -acetylneuraminic acid synthase (), a critical enzyme in endogenous sialic acid biosynthesis, are clinically associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. However, the mechanism underlying the neuropathological consequences has remained elusive. Here, we found that mutation resulted in the absence of both sialic acid and protein polysialylation in the cortical organoids and notably reduced the proliferation and expansion of neural progenitors.

Hippocampal circAnk3 Deficiency Causes Anxiety-like Behaviors and Social Deficits by Regulating the miR-7080-3p/IQGAP1 Pathway in Mice.

Background: Circular RNAs are highly enriched in the synapses of the mammalian brain and play important roles in neurological function by acting as molecular sponges of microRNAs. circAnk3 is derived from the 11th intron of the ankyrin-3 gene, Ank3, a strong genetic risk factor for neuropsychiatric disorders; however, the function of circAnk3 remains elusive. In this study, we investigated the function of circAnk3 and its downstream regulatory network for target genes in the hippocampus of mice.

Methamphetamine exposure drives cell cycle exit and aberrant differentiation in rat hippocampal-derived neurospheres.

Methamphetamine (METH) abuse by pregnant drug addicts causes toxic effects on fetal neurodevelopment; however, the mechanism underlying such effect of METH is poorly understood. In the present study, we applied three-dimensional (3D) neurospheres derived from the embryonic rat hippocampal tissue to investigate the effect of METH on neurodevelopment. Through the combination of whole genome transcriptional analyses, the involved cell signalings were identified and investigated.

Morphine Re-arranges Chromatin Spatial Architecture of Primate Cortical Neurons.

The expression of linear DNA sequence is precisely regulated by the three-dimensional (3D) architecture of chromatin. Morphine-induced aberrant gene networks of neurons have been extensively investigated; however, how morphine impacts the 3D genomic architecture of neurons is still unknown. Here, we applied digestion-ligation-only high-throughput chromosome conformation capture (DLO Hi-C) technology to investigate the effects of morphine on the 3D chromatin architecture of primate cortical neurons.

Cardiolipin and OPA1 Team up for Methamphetamine-Induced Locomotor Activity by Promoting Neuronal Mitochondrial Fusion in the Nucleus Accumbens of Mice.

Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles with coordinated cycles of fission and fusion occurring continuously to satisfy the energy demands in the complex architecture of neurons. How mitochondria contribute to addicted drug-induced adaptable mitochondrial networks and neuroplasticity remains largely unknown. Through liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based lipidomics, we first analyzed the alteration of the mitochondrial lipidome of three mouse brain areas in methamphetamine (METH)-induced locomotor activity and conditioned place preference.

Antibacterial Mechanism of -Dihydromyricetin Against : Deciphering Inhibitory Effect on Biofilm and Virulence Based on Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analyses.

is a major foodborne pathogen that leads to various diseases due to its biofilm and virulence factors. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of -dihydromyricetin (DMY), a natural flavonoid compound, on the biofilm formation and virulence of , and to explore the mode of action using transcriptomic and proteomic analyses. Microscopic observation revealed that DMY could remarkably inhibit the biofilm formation by , leading to a collapse on the biofilm architecture and a decrease in viability of biofilm cell.

Insight into structural characteristics of theabrownin from Pingwu Fuzhuan brick tea and its hypolipidemic activity based on the in vivo zebrafish and in vitro lipid digestion and absorption models.

Fuzhuan brick tea (FBT) is a post-fermented dark tea preferred by consumers for its excellent hypolipidemic activity, and theabrownin (TB) is the main bioactive composition in FBT. This work explored the structural and hypolipidemic properties of TB derived from Pingwu FBT, and investigated whether it exerted hypolipidemic activity by inhibiting intestinal lipid absorption. Structural characterization revealed that TB was an amorphous polymerized phenolic compound rich in hydroxyl and carboxyl groups with good thermostability.

Regulatory effects of miRNA-126 on Th cell differentiation and cytokine expression in allergic rhinitis.

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common disease worldwide. Imbalances in T helper (Th) cell differentiation and the dysregulation of related cytokines form the immunological basis of AR. miR-126 may play an important regulatory role in AR as a new marker and predictor of the disease.

Identification of novel antioxidant peptides from sea squirt () and its neuroprotective effect in 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity.

Ocean life contains a wealth of bioactive peptides that could be utilized in nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. This study aimed to obtain neuroprotective antioxidant peptides in sea squirt () through protamex enzymolysis. Fraction F4 (ultrafiltration generated four fractions) had a lower molecular weight (<500 Dalton (Da)) with greater 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) radical scavenging activities (94.

Neonatal exposure to sevoflurane induces adolescent neurobehavioral dysfunction by interfering with hippocampal glycerophoslipid metabolism in rats.

Sevoflurane exposure in the neonatal period causes long-term developmental neuropsychological dysfunction, including memory impairment and anxiety-like behaviors. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying such effects have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effect of neonatal exposure to sevoflurane on neurobehavioral profiles in adolescent rats, and applied an integrated approach of lipidomics and proteomics to investigate the molecular network implicated in neurobehavioral dysfunction.

Rational Design of Quinoxalinone-Based Red-Emitting Probes for High-Affinity and Long-Term Visualizing Amyloid-β In Vivo.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with insidious onset, and the deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) is believed to be one of the main cause. Fluorescence imaging is a promising technique for this task, but the Aβ gold standard probe ThT developed based on this still has shortcomings. The development of a new fluorescent probe to detect Aβ plaques is thought to be essential.

Synapse differentiation-induced gene 1 regulates stress-induced depression through interaction with the AMPA receptor GluA2 subunit of nucleus accumbens in male mice.

Alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptors (AMPARs) are key regulators during the process of synaptic plasticity in major depression disorder (MDD). Synapse differentiation-induced gene 1 (SynDIG1) functions as an atypical AMPAR auxiliary subunit and regulates synaptic AMPAR content; however, the role of SynDIG1 in MDD remains elusive. In this study, we found that the SynDIG1 expression was significantly increased in the neurons of the nucleus accumbens (NAc) of male mice after chronic social defeat stress (CSDS).

A Comparison of Lipid Contents in Different Types of Peanut Cultivars Using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS-Based Lipidomic Study.

Peanuts are a rich dietary source of lipids, which are essential for human health. In this study, the lipid contents of 13 peanut cultivars were analyzed using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and GC-MS. The OXITEST reactor was used to test their lipid oxidation stabilities.

Lipidomics Reveals Dysregulated Glycerophospholipid Metabolism in the Corpus Striatum of Mice Treated with Cefepime.

Cefepime exhibits a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity and thus is a widely used treatment for severe bacterial infections. Adverse effects on the central nervous system (CNS) have been reported in patients treated with cefepime. Current explanation for the adverse neurobehavioral effect of cefepime is mainly attributed to its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and competitively bind to the GABAergic receptor; however, the underlying mechanism is largely unknown.

Integrated lipidomic and transcriptomic analysis reveals clarithromycin-induced alteration of glycerophospholipid metabolism in the cerebral cortex of mice.

Clarithromycin (CLA) has been widely used in the treatment of bacterial infection. Research reveals the adverse effects on the central nervous system among patients receiving CLA treatment; whereas, a relevant underlying mechanism remains considerably unclear. According to our research, an integrated lipidomic and transcriptomic analysis was applied to explore the effect of CLA on neurobehavior.

Exposure to cadmium induces neuroinflammation and impairs ciliogenesis in hESC-derived 3D cerebral organoids.

Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental heavy metal toxicant with central nervous system toxicity and has a greater negative impact on fetal neurodevelopment. However, the causative mechanisms for the neurodevelopmental toxicity of Cd have remained unclear. The human cerebral organoids can better mimic the three-dimensional structure of the early fetal nerve tissue, which can be used to study the developmental neurotoxicity under the condition of maternal exposure to Cd.

Evaluation of lipid profiles in three species of ascidians using UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS-based lipidomic study.

Ascidians are excellent, yet underused, marine sources of unique bioactive compounds of high nutritive content. However, reports regarding the lipid composition of ascidians are rare. In this study, using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, we aimed to characterize the lipid profile of the tunics and inner body tissues of three species of ascidians, including Ciona intestinalis, Halocynthia roretzi, and Styela clava.

4R Tau Modulates Cocaine-Associated Memory through Adult Dorsal Hippocampal Neurogenesis.

The development, persistence and relapse of drug addiction require drug memory that generally develops with drug administration-paired contextual stimuli. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) contributes to cocaine memory formation; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Male mice hippocampal expression of Tau was significantly decreased during the cocaine-associated memory formation.