Recurrent diffractive deep neural networks.

What we believe is a novel recurrent diffractive deep neural network (RD2NN) is proposed for image time division multiplexing and frequency division multiplexing. The RD2NN is formed by a diffractive deep neural network (D2NN) with its output connected backward to the input. Therefore, it enables the signals to be generated sequentially in the time domain.

NEAT1 Promotes the Perineural Invasion of Pancreatic Cancer via the E2F1/GDNF Axis.

Pancreatic cancer is characterized by an insidious onset and high degree of malignancy, with a 5-year survival rate of less than 11%. Perineural invasion (PNI) is one of the pathological features of pancreatic cancer and provides a pathway for distant tumor metastasis, which leads to a poor prognosis. Although NEAT1 promotes the progression of pancreatic cancer, its impact on PNI has not been studied.

Trends in tuberculosis mortality among older adults in China, 2004-2021: a Joinpoint regression and age-period-cohort analysis.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem in China and globally, particularly among older adults. This study aimed to examine secular trends in TB mortality among older adults in China and the net effects of age, period, and cohort.

Methods: Data from the National Disease Surveillance Points (DSPs) system were analyzed using Joinpoint regression to determine annual changes in TB mortality among individuals aged 60 years and older from 2004 to 2021.

Elevated SREBP1 accelerates the initiation and growth of pancreatic cancer by targeting SOX9.

Pancreatic cancer is a lethal disease with an insidious onset, and little is known about its early molecular events. Here, we found that the sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) expression is gradually upregulated during the initiation of pancreatic cancer. Through in vitro 3D culture of pancreatic acinar cells and experiments in LSL-Kras;Pdx1-Cre (KC) mice, we found that pharmacological inhibition of SREBP1 suppressed pancreatic tumorigenesis.

Application of machine learning algorithms in predicting new onset hypertension: a study based on the China Health and Nutrition Survey.

Background: Hypertension is a serious chronic disease that can significantly lead to various cardiovascular diseases, affecting vital organs such as the heart, brain, and kidneys. Our goal is to predict the risk of new onset hypertension using machine learning algorithms and identify the characteristics of patients with new onset hypertension.

Methods: We analyzed data from the 2011 China Health and Nutrition Survey cohort of individuals who were not hypertensive at baseline and had follow-up results available for prediction by 2015.

Impact of short-term soil disturbance on cadmium remobilization and associated risk in vulnerable regions.

A comprehensive understanding of cadmium (Cd) migration in soils near contaminated hotspots is crucial for optimizing remediation efforts and ensuring crop health. This study investigates agricultural soils from four sites in mining and sewage-irrigation areas, assessing the impact of inorganic and organic fertilizer application on soil Cd remobilization. Results revealed that fertilization, particularly with mineral phosphorus, disrupts soil stability, substantially increases short-term Cd mobility in vulnerable regions.

FGF21 Exhibits Neuroprotective Effects by Promoting 5-HTR-FGFR1 Heteroreceptor Complexes and Triggering MEK-ERK Signaling Pathway.

Approaches of promoting a neural milieu permissive for plasticity and resilience against neuronal injury are important strategies for the treatment of a range of neurological disorders. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) which is known for its role as a potent regulator of glucose and energy metabolism has also proved to be neuroprotective against various mental diseases. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive.

Structure Revision of Heptacyclic Naphthoquinone Dimer Arnebidin Based on NMR Spectroscopic Analysis and X-ray Crystallography.

Arnebidin, a heptacyclic naphthoquinone dimer with a tricyclo[3.3.0.

Anthraquinones from the root of Arnebia euchroma (Royle) I. M. Johnst. and their cytotoxic activities.

Twenty-one anthraquinones were discovered from the petroleum ether soluble fraction of the crude ethanol extract of Arnebia euchroma (Royle) I. M. Johnst.

Spike-In Proteome Enhances Data-Independent Acquisition for Thermal Proteome Profiling.

Target deconvolution is essential for elucidating the molecular mechanisms, therapeutic efficacy, and off-target toxicity of small-molecule drugs. Thermal proteome profiling (TPP) is a robust and popular method for identifying drug-protein interactions. Nevertheless, classical implementation of TPP using isobaric labeling of peptides is tedious, time-consuming, and costly.

Experimental and theoretical studies on antioxidant and antibacterial properties of chitosan-gelatin functional composite films loaded with flavonoids.

Chitosan-gelatin-flavonoid functional composite films were prepared with chitosan, gelatin, and three flavonoids (Naringenin, Apigenin, and Luteolin). The effect of three flavonoids on physical, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties of functional composite film was investigated from experimental and Density functional theory (DFT) simulations. The tensile strength, thermal stability, water solubility, water vapor permeability, antioxidant activity, and antibacterial activity of chitosan-gelatin-flavonoid functional composite films were improved with flavonoid (Naringenin, Apigenin, and Luteolin) incorporation.

Taohe Chengqi decoction improves diabetic cognitive dysfunction by alleviating neural stem cell senescence through HIF1α-driven metabolic signaling.

Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by numerous long-term complications, in which progressive cognitive decline represents a significant risk factor for dementia and other neurodegenerative disorders. Taohe Chengqi decoction (THCQ) is a common traditional Chinese formula for treating T2DM; however, the neuroprotective effect of THCQ on diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction remains unclear. Hence, the present study investigated the therapeutic effects of THCQ on cognitive impairment associated with T2DM and elucidated the underlying mechanisms.

Predictive biomarkers for immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy in lung cancer.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have changed the treatment mode of lung cancer, extending the survival time of patients unprecedentedly. Once patients respond to ICIs, the median duration of response is usually longer than that achieved with cytotoxic or targeted drugs. Unfortunately, there is still a large proportion of lung cancer patients do not respond to ICI.

Cannabidiol finds dihydrocannabidiol as its twin in anti-inflammatory activities and the mechanism.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The hemp (cataloged at the "Medicinal Plant Names Services" as Cannabis sativa L.) extracts, cannabinoids have been used for centuries in Southeast Asia as folk medicines and now authorized by about 50 countries for application in medicine, health care products and cosmetics. As the most consumed cannabinoid, cannabidiol (CBD) has been recognized due to its various bioactivities, including anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties.

Prenatal p25-activated Cdk5 induces pituitary tumorigenesis through MCM2 phosphorylation-mediated cell proliferation.

Aberrant expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) has been reported in pituitary adenomas. However, the role of Cdk5 in the tumorigenesis remains unclear. We show that prenatal p25-activated Cdk5 phosphorylates minichromosome maintenance protein 2 (Mcm2), enhancing minichromosome maintenance (MCM) family proteins and driving intermediate lobe-located melanotrope-originated pituitary tumorigenesis.

Dynamic Adsorption of Mn from Acid Mine Drainage by Highly Active Immobilized Particles with Fe/Fe Enhanced SRB.

Bioremediation of acid mine drainage (AMD) was often challenged by poor tolerance of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) to heavy metals and low bioactivity. The highly active immobilized particles with Fe/Fe enhanced SRB (Fe-SRB) were prepared by the microorganism immobilization technique. Three dynamic columns were constructed to investigate the adsorption capacity of Fe-SRB for Mn under varying adsorption layer heights, inflow velocity, and initial Mn concentrations.