Preparation and characterization of porous corn starch-based antibacterial sustained-release intelligent film.

A novel porous corn starch-based antibacterial sustained-release intelligent film was prepared with the porous corn starch as the substrate, purple corn cob anthocyanin (PCA) as the indicator, and tangerine peel essential oil as the antibacterial agent, and its properties were studied. The results showed that the porous corn starch-based antimicrobial sustained-release indicator film had good mechanical strength, surface hydrophobicity and light transmittance. The tensile strength of the sustained-release indicator film (PLSt-12) prepared by porous corn starch with an enzymatic hydrolysis time of 12 h was 14.

PDIA3 defines a novel subset of adipose macrophages to exacerbate the development of obesity and metabolic disorders.

Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) play important roles in maintaining adipose tissue homeostasis and orchestrating metabolic inflammation. Given the extensive functional heterogeneity and phenotypic plasticity of ATMs, identification of the authentically pathogenic ATM subpopulation under obese setting is thus necessitated. Herein, we performed single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) and unraveled a unique maladaptive ATM subpopulation defined as ATF4PDIA3ACSL4CCL2 inflammatory and metabolically activated macrophages (iMAMs), in which PDIA3 is required for the maintenance of their migratory and pro-inflammatory properties.

GSK2334470 attenuates high salt-exacerbated rheumatoid arthritis progression by restoring Th17/Treg homeostasis.

High salt (HS) consumption is a risk factor for multiple autoimmune disorders via disturbing immune homeostasis. Nevertheless, the exact mechanisms by which HS exacerbates rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis remain poorly defined. Herein, we found that heightened phosphorylation of PDPK1 and SGK1 upon HS exposure attenuated FoxO1 expression to enhance the glycolytic capacity of CD4 T cells, resulting in strengthened Th17 but compromised Treg program.

Dual biomass-derived porous carbon heterogeneous functionalized mesoporous CuCoO nanocomposite combined with molecularly imprinted polymers as an electrochemical sensing platform for hypersensitive and selective determination of dimetridazole contaminants.

In this study, an original molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor (MIECS) is prepared using layer-by-layer modification of sensitization nanomaterials (CuCoO/BPC-) coupled with molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for the ultrasensitive and rapid determination of dimetridazole (DMZ) contaminants. The biomass waste of eggshell (ES) powders subtly introduced in situ in the carbonization process of psyllium husk (PSH) substantially promotes the physicochemical properties of the resulting biomass-derived porous carbon (BPC-). The large specific surface area and abundant pores provide a favourable surface for loading mesoporous CuCoO with a spinel structure.

PDIA3 orchestrates effector T cell program by serving as a chaperone to facilitate the non-canonical nuclear import of STAT1 and PKM2.

Dysregulated T cell activation underpins the immunopathology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), yet the machineries that orchestrate T cell effector program remain incompletely understood. Herein, we leveraged bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing data from RA patients and validated protein disulfide isomerase family A member 3 (PDIA3) as a potential therapeutic target. PDIA3 is remarkably upregulated in pathogenic CD4 T cells derived from RA patients and positively correlates with C-reactive protein level and disease activity score 28.

Association of Lung Ultrasound B-Lines with Left Ventricular Diastolic Function in Clinically Euvolemic Haemodialysis Patients.

Introduction: Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) frequently occurs in haemodialysis patients and is associated with adverse outcomes. Lung ultrasound (LUS) has been recently proposed for the quantification of extravascular lung water through assessment of B-lines. LUS findings and their relationship with LVDD in clinically euvolemic haemodialysis patients were investigated in this study.

An extensive benchmark study on biomedical text generation and mining with ChatGPT.

Motivation: In recent years, the development of natural language process (NLP) technologies and deep learning hardware has led to significant improvement in large language models (LLMs). The ChatGPT, the state-of-the-art LLM built on GPT-3.5 and GPT-4, shows excellent capabilities in general language understanding and reasoning.

Preparation and characterization of corn starch-based antimicrobial indicator films containing purple corncob anthocyanin and tangerine peel essential oil for monitoring pork freshness.

A novel antibacterial indicator film was prepared by mixing corn starch with tangerine peel essential oil (TEO) Pickering emulsion emulsified by ultrasonic and esterified modified starch (UDSt), and then incorporated with purple corncob anthocyanin (PCA), which was used to monitor the freshness of pork. The results showed that the UDSt can effectively stabilize the TEO emulsion. PCA showed obvious color changes at different pH.

Polyethyleneimine grafted starch nanocrystals as a novel biosorbent for efficient removal of methyl blue dye.

In this paper, a novel biosorbent of SNCs-PEI was successfully prepared by grafting polyethylenimine (PEI) onto the starch nanocrystals (SNCs) using glutaraldehyde as a crosslinking agent. The optimal preparation conditions of SNCs-PEI were determined by the orthogonal experiments of the three-factor and three-level, and the SNCs-PEI was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The zeta potential of SNCs-PEI was +26.

Preparation and characterization of nanostarch-based green hard capsules reinforced by cellulose nanocrystals.

The green hard capsules were prepared with corn nano-starch (CNS) and cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) in this study, the glycerol and carrageenan were used as plasticizer and gelling agent in the CNS/CNC gel solution, respectively. The capsule-films with different CNC content were prepared by casting method, and the dipping method was used in preparation of the corresponding capsules. The compatibility of CNS/CNC capsules was analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and the morphology of the capsules was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).

The preparation and characterization of nanocomposite film reinforced by modified cellulose nanocrystals.

In the present study, in order to improve the properties of nanostarch-based nanocomposite film for food packaging, a type of nanocomposite film based on corn nanostarch (CNS) as the matrix and modified cellulose nanocrystals (modified-CNCs) as the reinforcement was prepared using a solution casting method. The cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were modified by a two-step method in which they were initially crosslinked with citric acid, and subsequently amidated with chitosan. Then, a type of CNS/modified-CNCs nanocomposite film with different content levels of modified-CNC were prepared and characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR); X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS); X-Ray Diffraction (XRD); Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC); and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).

Long-term effects of oral L-carnitine supplementation on anemia in chronic hemodialysis.

Background: The therapeutic role of L-carnitine (LC) on the anemia of chronic hemodialized patients is still controversial. In order to clarify the long-term effects of LC administration on renal anemia, an open, observational 12-month study was performed.

Methods: Twenty stable outpatients undergoing hemodialysis were administered LC 900 mg p.

The effects of oral L-carnitine supplementation on physical capacity and lipid metabolism in chronic hemodialysis patients.

Background: It is well known that the physical activity in chronic hemodialysis patients decreases compared to that in normal subjects. In order to investigate the effects of L-carnitine on physical capacity and lipid metabolism, a cardiopulmonary exercise test using a bicycle ergometer was performed before and after 3 months of oral L-carnitine supplementation under double-blind conditions.

Methods And Results: A total of 20 stable outpatients undergoing hemodialysis treatment were randomly divided into 2 groups: controls receiving placebo and patients receiving 900 mg L-carnitine p.

[Study on Polygonum multi florum Thunb and extracts by DRIFTS and atr-ftir].

The diffuse-reflectance FTIR spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and attenuated total reflection FTIR (ATR-FTIR) were used to study polygonum multi florum Thumb and its extracts. The result shows that when acetone is used as extraction agent, the contents of extracts in polygonum multi florum Thunb's phloem are highest, those in polygonum multi florum Thunb's xylem are the lowest. Compared with DRIFTS and ATR-FTIR, it can be found that there are some differences between polygonum multi florum Thunb and its extracts.

[Characterization of pesticide residual dynamics by in situ attenuated total reflection FTIR].

In-situ attenuated total reflection FTIR (in situ ATR-FTIR) was used for the dynamic research on the residual of pesticide. The in-situ characterization of dichlorvos and orthene on the tomatoes' surface shows that the dichlorvos has obvious volatility and its degradation amount is 80% 20 minutes after spraying. Meanwhile, the ATR-FTIR shows that the strong absorption peak of dichlorvos at 1 734 cm(-1) turns to negative peaks and the absorption peaks at 3 073 cm(-1) significantly abate.

Proliferation of rat small hepatocytes requires follistatin expression.

Small hepatocytes (SHs) are a subpopulation of hepatocytes that have high growth potential in culture and can differentiate into mature hepatocytes (MHs). The activin (Act)/follistatin (Fst) system critically contributes to homeostasis of cell growth in the normal liver. ActA and ActB consist of two disulfide-linked Inhibin (Inh)β subunits, InhβA and InhβB, respectively.

Thy1-positive cells have bipotential ability to differentiate into hepatocytes and biliary epithelial cells in galactosamine-induced rat liver regeneration.

In galactosamine (GalN)-induced rat liver injury, hepatic stem/progenitor cells, small hepatocytes (SHs) and oval cells, transiently appear in the initial period of liver regeneration. To clarify the relationship between SHs and oval cells, CD44(+) and Thy1(+) cells were sorted from GalN-treated livers and used as candidates for SHs and oval cells, respectively. Some Thy1(+) cells isolated 3 days after GalN-treatment (GalN-D3) formed CD44(+) cell colonies, but those from GalN-D2 could form few.

Proliferation of hepatocyte progenitor cells isolated from adult human livers in serum-free medium.

Rat small hepatocytes (SHs) are committed progenitor cells that can differentiate into mature hepatocytes and can selectively proliferate in serum-free medium when they are cultured on hyaluronic acid (HA)-coated dishes. In this study we examined the separation of human SHs from adult human livers. We obtained liver tissues from the resected liver of 16 patients who underwent hepatic resections.

Selective proliferation of rat hepatocyte progenitor cells in serum-free culture.

This protocol details a method of obtaining selectively proliferated hepatocyte progenitor cells using hyaluronic acid (HA)-coated dishes and serum-free medium. A small hepatocyte (SH) is a hepatocyte progenitor cell of adult livers and has many hepatic functions. When the rat SH begins to proliferate, CD44 is specifically expressed.

Role of c-Jun N-terminal kinase on lipopolysaccharide induced maturation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells.

Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen-presenting cells that play a pivotal role in the initiation of T cell-dependent immune responses. Immature DCs obtained from peripheral blood CD14+ monocytes by culture with granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) differentiate into mature DCs upon stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). At least three families of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), that is, extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) and p38 MAPK, are involved in the DC maturation process.

Propionibacterium acnes-induced IL-8 production may be mediated by NF-kappaB activation in human monocytes.

Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) causes an inflammatory acne that is characterized by massive neutrophilic infiltration. IL-8 is thought to play an important role in the pathophysiology of P.