Broadband microwave-rate dark pulse microcombs in dissipation-engineered LiNbO microresonators.

Kerr microcombs generated in optical microresonators provide broadband light sources bridging optical and microwave signals. Their translation to thin-film lithium niobate unlocks second-order nonlinear optical interfaces such as electro-optic modulation and frequency doubling for completing comb functionalities. However, the strong Raman response of LiNbO has complicated the formation of Kerr microcombs.

NeuroDISK: An AI Approach to Automate Continuous Inquiry-Driven Discoveries in Neuroimaging Genetics.

Collaborative and multi-site neuroimaging studies have greatly accelerated the rate at which new and existing data can be aggregated to answer a neuroscientific question. New research initiatives are continuously collecting more data, allowing opportunities to refine previous published findings through continuous and dynamic updates. Yet, we lack a practical framework for researchers to systematically, automatically, and continuously update published findings.

The compressive resilience and shrinkage resistance properties of poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) microcellular composite foams reinforced by functionalized microcrystalline cellulose.

In this study, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) modified with triethoxyvinylsilane (T-MCC) on compressive resilience and shrinkage resistance properties of microcellular composite foams based on poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) were reported. It was found that the modification of MCC (T-MCC) with triethoxyvinylsilane could enhance the dispersion of MCC in the PBAT matrix and their compatibility. The modified microcrystalline cellulose can be embedded in the foam system as a "skeleton", interconnecting with adjacent cells to form the unique bridge-shell structure, contributing to a complete structure and enhancing the mechanical properties of foamed plastics.

Gelatin-based biomaterials as a delivery strategy for osteosarcoma treatment.

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor. Although surgery and chemoradiotherapy have made some progress in the treatment of osteosarcoma. However, the high recurrence and metastasis rate of osteosarcoma and bone defects caused by surgery are still the main problems faced by osteosarcoma.

Fibrinopeptide a promotes the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells by regulating the integrin αVβ3/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Background: Atherosclerosis is characterized by subintimal proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in response to stimuli such as coagulation and inflammatory factors. Fibrinopeptide A (FPA), a biomarker for coagulation system activation, is elevated in patients with ischemic heart disease. However, its role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disorders remains unclear.

A Novel Signature Combing Cuproptosis- and Ferroptosis-Related Genes in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Objectives: To identify cuproptosis- and ferroptosis-related genes involved in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and to determine the diagnostic value of hub genes.

Methods: The gene expression dataset GSE89632 was retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus database to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) group and the healthy group using the 'limma' package in R software and weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Gene ontology, kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway, and single-sample gene set enrichment analyses were performed to identify functional enrichment of DEGs.

The past, present, and future of endoscopic management for biliary strictures: technological innovations and stent advancements.

Biliary stricture can be induced by intrinsic narrowing and extrinsic compression, with the majority of cases being malignant. Clinically, distinguishing between benign and malignant biliary strictures remains a considerable challenge, and the ongoing disagreement over the optimal choice of biliary stents significantly influences treatment strategies and impacts patients' survival and prognosis. The utilization and advancement of endoscopic techniques have heightened the diagnostic sensitivity for biliary strictures.

Plant secretions and volatiles contribute to the evolution of bacterial antibiotic resistance in soil-crop system.

The exponential growth of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) in soil-crop systems in recent years has posed a great challenge to ecological security and human health. While many studies have documented the residues of ARGs in soils and crops, but little is known about who drives the proliferation of ARGs in farming systems and what their underlying mechanisms are. Herein, we explored the occurrence and proliferating behavior of ARGs in soil-crop environments in terms of root secretions and plant volatiles.

Disease Burden of Parkinson's Disease in Asia and Its 34 Countries and Territories from 1990 to 2021: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Introduction: The increasing global population and aging have made Parkinson's disease (PD) a significant public health concern. Comprehensive evaluations of PD burden trends in Asian subregions and countries are lacking. This study investigated PD burden in Asia from 1990 to 2021, categorized by age, sex, and region.

Efficient microresonator frequency combs.

The rapid development of optical frequency combs from their table-top origins towards chip-scale platforms has opened up exciting possibilities for comb functionalities outside laboratories. Enhanced nonlinear processes in microresonators have emerged as a mainstream comb-generating mechanism with compelling advantages in size, weight, and power consumption. The established understanding of gain and loss in nonlinear microresonators, along with recently developed ultralow-loss nonlinear photonic circuitry, has boosted the optical energy conversion efficiency of microresonator frequency comb (microcomb) devices from below a few percent to above 50%.

Prognostic Nomograms for Patients With NF-Pan-NET After Pancreatectomy: A Retrospective Analysis Based on SEER Database.

Aims: Surgical resection is the primary treatment option for patients diagnosed with nonfunctional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NF-Pan-NETs). However, the postoperative prognostic evaluation for NF-Pan-NET patients remains obscure. This study aimed to construct an efficient model to predict the prognosis of NF-Pan-NET patients who have received surgical resection.

Self-Suppressed Quantum-Limited Timing Jitter and Fundamental Noise Limit of Soliton Microcombs.

Quantum-limited timing jitter of soliton microcombs has long been recognized as their fundamental noise limit. Here, we surpass such limit by utilizing dispersive wave dynamics in multimode microresonators. Through the viscous force provided by these dispersive waves, the quantum-limited timing jitter can be suppressed to a much lower level that forms the ultimate fundamental noise limit of soliton microcombs.

Safety and efficacy of endovenous microwave ablation for treatment of varicose veins of the lower limbs in China: A prospective registered clinical trial.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of a new Chinese device using microwave ablation for treating symptomatic great saphenous vein (GSV) varicose veins (VVs).

Methods: This prospective, single-arm, single-center, cohort study investigated the safety and efficacy of endovenous microwave ablation for the treatment of symptomatic VVs. A total of 50 patients with lower limb varicose veins were enrolled from the Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.

Metabolic factors are not the direct mediators of the association between type 2 diabetes and osteoporosis.

Objective: The causal relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and osteoporosis (OS) remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the causal relationship and explore the potential metabolic mechanism and its mediating role.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive study, gathering data on 490,089 T2DM patients from the genome-wide association study (GWAS) database and selecting OS data from FinnGen and MRC-IEU sources, including 212,778 and 463,010 patients, respectively, for causal analysis.

Immunotherapy and liver cancer research trends and the 100 most cited articles: A bibliometric analysis.

Background: Bibliometric analysis of liver cancer research, particularly in immunotherapy, reveals crucial insights. The US leads in liver cancer mortality but ranks fifth globally.

Objective: Scopus database analysis identified 2,349 papers, with the top 100 ranging from 127 to 4,959 citations.

Anatomic characteristics of the right internal spermatic vein based on imaging analysis: a retrospective study in southwest China.

Objective: The specific anatomic characteristics of the right internal spermatic vein (ISV) are pivotal factors in embolism failure. However, the inherent angles and configurations of the right ISV remain incompletely explored. This study aimed to address this gap by conducting a thorough investigation into the specific anatomic characteristics of the right ISV using imaging analysis in southwest China.

Associations between deep venous thrombosis and thyroid diseases: a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Some previous observational studies have linked deep venous thrombosis (DVT) to thyroid diseases; however, the findings were contradictory. This study aimed to investigate whether some common thyroid diseases can cause DVT using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.

Methods: This two-sample MR study used single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified by the FinnGen genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to be highly associated with some common thyroid diseases, including autoimmune hyperthyroidism (962 cases and 172,976 controls), subacute thyroiditis (418 cases and 187,684 controls), hypothyroidism (26,342 cases and 59,827 controls), and malignant neoplasm of the thyroid gland (989 cases and 217,803 controls.

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate Alleviates Ethanol-Induced Endothelia Cells Injury Partly through Alteration of NF-κB Translocation and Activation of the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway.

Ethanol (alcohol) is a risk factor that contributes to non-communicable diseases. Chronic abuse of ethanol is toxic to both the heart and overall health, and even results in death. Ethanol and its byproduct acetaldehyde can harm the cardiovascular system by impairing mitochondrial function, causing oxidative damage, and reducing contractile proteins.

Crystal epitaxy-confined Pd, Ti-bimetallic sites in the MFI zeolite for benzylalcohol oxidation.

A general strategy for confining Pd, Ti-bimetallic sites in the MFI zeolite by crystal epitaxy was developed. The tailored spatial intimacy of the bimetallic sites demonstrated distinct catalytic performance for the oxidation of benzylalcohol. The related mechanism was clarified and afforded a valuable pathway for rational catalyst design.

Microbial-mediated conversion of soil organic carbon co-regulates the evolution of antibiotic resistance.

The influence of organic carbon on the proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the soil has been widely documented. However, it is unclear how soil organic carbon (SOC) interacts with the evolution of antibiotic resistance in bacteria. Here, we examined the variations in ARGs abundance during SOC mineralization and explored the microbiological mechanisms and key metabolic pathways involved in their coevolution.

Sarcopenia in peripheral arterial disease: Establishing and validating a predictive nomogram based on clinical and computed tomography angiography indicators.

Purpose: To establish, validate, and clinically evaluate a nomogram for predicting the risk of sarcopenia in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) based on clinical and lower extremity computed tomography angiography (LE-CTA) imaging characteristics.

Methods: Clinical data and CTA imaging features from 281 PAD patients treated between January 1, 2019, and May 1, 2023, at two hospitals were retrospectively analyzed using binary logistic regression to identify the independent risk factors for sarcopenia. These identified risk factors were used to develop a predictive nomogram.

Identification of fibronectin type III domain containing 3B as a potential prognostic and therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer: a preliminary analysis.

Background: Fibronectin type III domain containing 3B (FNDC3B), a member of the fibronectin type III domain-containing protein family, has been indicated in various malignancies. However, the precise role of FNDC3B in the progression of pancreatic cancer (PC) still remains to be elucidated.

Methods: In this study, we integrated data from the National Center for Biotechnology Information, the Cancer Genome Atlas, Genotype-Tissue Expression database, and Gene Expression Omnibus datasets to analyze FNDC3B expression and its association with various clinicopathological parameters.

Survival benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with resected gallbladder adenocarcinoma: An updated retrospective cohort analysis.

Background: The rarity yet high malignancy of gallbladder adenocarcinoma (GBA) endows it with a distinctive nature. Radical resection remains the foremost therapeutic approach for GBA, while the impact of early recurrence and metastasis on patient prognosis necessitates the utilization of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC). Despite numerous previous studies on this topic, a consensus regarding the authentic efficacy of AC has yet to be reached.