[Research Progress in Reducing Pollution and Sequestration of Carbon by Carbon Neutral Plants].

Under the dual constraints of economic development and ecological carrying capacity, it is necessary to explore more technical means to achieve carbon neutrality and peak in China. Plants are important carriers of terrestrial and marine carbon sink systems, whereas phytoremediation is also a scientific method to remedy environmental pollution. However, the current studies mostly focus on the single aspect of plant carbon sequestration (including both the reduction of pollutant concentrations in environmental media and degradation of pollutants) or plant pollution reduction, without considering the dual benefits of plant pollution reduction and carbon sequestration.

Microbial community structure and function in sediments from e-waste contaminated rivers at Guiyu area of China.

The release of toxic organic pollutants and heavy metals by primitive electronic waste (e-waste) processing to waterways has raised significant concerns, but little is known about their potential ecological effects on aquatic biota especially microorganisms. We characterized the microbial community composition and diversity in sediments sampled along two rivers consistently polluted by e-waste, and explored how community functions may respond to the complex combined pollution. High-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that Proteobacteria (particularly Deltaproteobacteria) dominated the sediment microbial assemblages followed by Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi and Firmicutes.

[Phytoremediation of Petroleum Contaminated Soils with Iris pseudacorus L. and the Metabolic Analysis in Roots].

In this study, we performed a greenhouse pot-culture experiment to investigate the potential of a wild ornamental plant Iris pseudacorus L. in remediating petroleum contaminated soils from the Dagang Oilfield in Tianjin, China. The results suggested that Iris pseudacorus L.

[Rhizospheric Mechanisms of Hemerocallis middendorfii Trautv. et Mey. Remediating Petroleum-contaminated Soil and Metabonomic Analyses of the Root Systems].

The effects of a special ornamental plant Hemerocallis middendorfii Trautv. et Mey. on remediating petroleum-contaminated soil from the Dagang Oilfield in Tianjin, China, was studied by a greenhouse pot-culture experiment and the gradients of TPHs were 0, 10,000 and 40,000 mg · kg⁻¹.

[Competence of Cd Phytoremediation in Cd-OCDF Co-contaminated Soil Using Mirabilis jalapa L].

Soil contamination by heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants tends to be severe. Pot experiment was conducted to investigate the phytoremediation of cadmium (Cd) in Cd-OCDF Co-contaminated Soil by Mirabilis jalapa L., using OCDF and Cd as the model pollutants of persistent organic pollutants and heavy metals, to study.

Ecological effects of combined pollution associated with e-waste recycling on the composition and diversity of soil microbial communities.

The crude processing of electronic waste (e-waste) has led to serious contamination in soils. While microorganisms may play a key role in remediation of the contaminated soils, the ecological effects of combined pollution (heavy metals, polychlorinated biphenyls, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers) on the composition and diversity of microbial communities remain unknown. In this study, a suite of e-waste contaminated soils were collected from Guiyu, China, and the indigenous microbial assemblages were profiled by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing and clone library analysis.

[Characteristics of dissolved organic matter in A/DAT-IAT system for municipal wastewater treatment based on ecological safety].

To ensure the water-quality safety and harmlessness of effluent from municipal wastewater, based on the lab-scale improved SBR-A/DAT-IAT process, dissolved organic matter (DOM) in municipal wastewater, demand aeration tank (DAT) supernatant and final effluent were classified and separated by applying the ultrafiltration membranes, and indexes such as TOC, UV254, 3D-EEM and toxicity were measured, to find out the sources of the toxic substances. The results showed that the lab-scale A/DAT-IAT process performed well on each molecular-weight fraction of DOM. The main composition in the effluent was humic-like substance.

Biochar: an effective amendment for remediating contaminated soil.

Biochar is a carbon-rich material derived from incomplete combustion of biomass.Applying biochar as an amendment to treat contaminated soils is receiving increasing attention, and is a promising way to improve soil quality. Heavy metals are persistent and are not environmentally biodegradable.

[Polycyclic musks exposure affects gene expression of specific proteins in earthworm Eisenia fetida].

To investigate the changes in gene expression of earthworm specific proteins following long-term exposure to low-dose polycyclic musks in soil, the mRNA expression levels of the four representative protein-coding genes (HSP70, CRT, cyPA, TCTP) were examined in earthworm Eisenia fetida exposed to polycyclic musks using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The purpose of this study was to investigate mRNA expression profiles of test protein genes in response to sublethal galaxolide (HHCB) and tonalide (AHTN) for 28 d exposure. The analysis results of both sequence alignment and melting curves of RT-qPCR reactions showed that the selected primers were appropriately qualified for quantitative mRNA analysis.

[Antioxidant enzyme gene expression as molecular biomarkers of exposure to polycyclic musks].

The objective of this study was to investigate the molecular toxicological effects of low level synthetic musks exposure on the earthworm Eisenia fetida. The method of Sybr Green I real time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) for detecting gene expression level was established. SOD (superoxide dismutase) and CAT (catalase) mRNA expression levels were measured after 28 days.

[Degradation pathways and main degradation products of tetracycline antibiotics: research progress].

Tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) can produce a series of abiotic degradation reactions in the process of production and storage, and some of the degradation products have lower antibacterial activity but higher toxicity, as compared to the parent antibiotics. TCs can enter the environment via the disposal of livestock and poultry wastes, and then degrade in one or more ways according to the external conditions. Besides abiotic degradation, bio-degradation also happens.

[Ecotoxicological effects of tetracycline on the seedling development of Chinese white cabbage (Brassica rapa L. chinensis group.) in soil].

The ecotoxicological effects of tetracycline (TC) on the early growth and seedlings development of Chinese white cabbage were investigated using the pot-culture method. The results showed that the stem elongation of the cabbages was promoted, while the root elongation and fresh weight of the cabbages were inhibited by 1-100 mg/kg TC. After a 28-day exposure, the inhibition rate of root elongation was up to 36.

[Effects of soil HHCB and Cd contamination on the growth of wheat seedlings (Triticum aestivum) and the pollutants accumulation in plants].

Using outdoor pot-culture experiment,biomasses of wheat seedlings and accumulation of HHCB and/or Cd in parts of wheat seedlings cultured in alluvial soil and cinnamon soil were investigated. The biomasses of wheat seedlings in different treatments followed the order as single HHCB treatment > HHCB and Cd treatment > single Cd treatment. The accumulation of HHCB in wheat seedlings cultured in alluvial soil was more than that in cinnamon soil, and effect of Cd on accumulation of HHCB in wheat seedlings cultured in alluvial soil was different to that in cinnamon soil.

[Effect of soil organic matter and cadmium (II) on adsorption and desorption of chlortetracycline in soil].

Chlortetracycline (CTC) has been widely used in veterinary medicines and disease treatment. Heavy metals and antibiotics often coexist in soil due to land application of animal wastes and other sources of inputs. On the basis of the OECD Guideline 106, the batch equilibrium experimental method was employed to investigate sorption and desorption processes of CTC in cinnamon soil with and without soil organic matter (SOM) and examine the effect of Cd2+ on these processes.

Molecular characterization of a serine protease Pro1 from Plasmodiophora brassicae that stimulates resting spore germination.

Clubroot, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae, is one of the most serious diseases of cultivated cruciferous crops in the world. However, the basis for pathogenicity in P. brassicae is not well understood.

Effects of soil polycyclic musk and cadmium on pollutant uptake and biochemical responses of wheat (Triticum aestivum).

The single and joint toxicological effects of AHTN and cadmium (Cd) on early developmental stages of wheat, including AHTN and Cd uptake, chlorophyll (CHL), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD) contents in the seedlings, were investigated. Uptake of AHTN or Cd by seedlings increased with an increase in the concentrations of AHTN and Cd in soil. The presence of Cd inhibited the uptake of AHTN in wheat seedlings, while the low concentration of AHTN could induce the uptake of Cd.

[Research progress in water eco-functional regionalization].

Water eco-functional regionalization is a new zoning approach based on the study of regional differences in water ecosystem, aimed to reveal the spatial differentiation characteristics and distribution patterns of water environment at different regional and zonal scales. This paper discussed the methodologies, objectives, and limitations of water function zoning, water environmental function zoning, geoecology zoning, ecoregion classification, and water eco-functional regionalization, summarized the research progress in the water eco-functional regionalization, and compared the regionalization system at home and abroad. The disadvantages of our water eco-functional regionalization system were pointed out, and its development trend was prospected.

[Effects of exoelectrogens and electron acceptors on the performance of microbial fuel cells].

Two types of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) were adopted to analyze the effects of exoelectrogens and electron acceptors on the electrogenesis performance of MFCs. One was conventional MFCs inoculated with sewage and using nitrate as electron acceptor (S-MFCs), and the other one was modified MFCs inoculated with anaerobic treated wastewater and using ferricyanide as electron acceptor (A-MFCs). Exoelectrogens and electron acceptors had substantial effects on the acclimation period and the power output period of MFCs.

[Characteristics of cadmium tolerance and bioaccumulation of Bidens pilosa L. seedlings].

Bidens pilosa L. has been identified as a newly found Cd-hyperaccumulator. In the present study, the characteristics of its Cd tolerance (growth response and physiological and biochemical characteristics) and accumulation were examined.

[Ecotoxicological effects of oxytetracycline on wheat (Triticum aestivum) based on seed germination and seedling development].

The ecotoxicological effects of oxytetracycline (OTC) on the germination of wheat (Triticum aestivum) seeds and the early development of wheat seedlings were investigated. The results showed that the elongation of wheat shoots and roots was significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited by OTC, and there was a good dose-response relationship between the OTC concentration and inhibition rates.

[Effects of illumination and seed-soaking reagent on seed germination of Solanum nigrum].

To explore a rapid seed germination method for hyperaccumulator Solanum nigrum, a germination experiment with different illumination and seed-soaking treatments was conducted in constant temperature box and greenhouse, with filter as burgeon base. Under illumination, the germination rate was about 5 times high of that without illumination (P < 0.05), indicating that illumination was one of the prerequisites for the seed germination of S.

[Effects of antimicrobial drugs on soil microbial respiration].

The effects on soil microbial respiration of sulfonamides, tetracyclines, macrolides and so on were studied using the direct absorption method. The results show sulfamethazine, sulfamethoxazole, chlortetracycline, tetracycline, tylosin and trimethoprim inhibit soil respiration 34.33%, 34.

[Influences of cation species on adsorption and desorption of oxytetracycline in two typical soils of China].

On the basis of the OECD Guideline 106, batch sorption methods were employed to reveal the effect of different cations (0.01 mol x L(-1) Ca2+, K+ and Na+) on oxytetracycline (OTC) adsorption and desorption process in two tested soils (cinnamon soil and red soil). Results show that the Freundlich model is the best isotherm to describe the experimental data of adsorption and desorption, and the average fitting correlation coefficient is 0.