Cellular Localization and Distribution of TGF-β1, GDNF and PDGF-BB in the Adult Primate Central Nervous System.

The available data on the localization of transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-β1), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) in the adult primate and human central nervous system (CNS) are limited and lack comprehensive and systematic information. This study aimed to investigate the cellular localization and distribution of TGF-β1, GDNF, and PDGF-BB in the CNS of adult rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta). Seven adult rhesus macaques were included in the study.

Urine-derived mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes enhances survival and proliferation of aging retinal ganglion cells.

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate to test the effect of exosomes from urine-derived mesenchymal stem cells (USCs) on the survival and viability of aging retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), and explored the preliminary related mechanisms.

Methods: Primary USCs were cultured and identified by immunofluorescence staining. Aging RGCs models were established by D-galactose treatment and identified by β-Galactosidase staining.

AQP4 knockout promotes neurite outgrowth via upregulating GAP43 expression in infant rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.

Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (NHIE) induces severe cerebral damage and neurological dysfunction, with seldom effective therapy. Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is involved in aggravating brain damage induced by NHIE. This study aimed to investigate the role of AQP4 underlying the pathogenesis of NHIE.

Establishment of Neurobehavioral Assessment System in Tree Shrew SCT Model.

Tree shrews, possessing higher developed motor function than rats, were more suitable to study neurological behavior after spinal cord injury (SCI). Here, we established a feasible behavioral assessment method to detect the degree of ethology recovery in tree shrew subjected to spinal cord transection (SCT). Tree shrews were divided into normal group, sham group, and SCT group.

A Novel Role of VEGFC in Cerebral Ischemia With Lung Injury.

Cerebral ischemia (CI) is a severe brain injury resulting in a variety of motor impairments combined with secondary injury in remote organs, especially the lung. This condition occurs due to insufficient blood supply to the brain during infancy. However, it has a molecular linkage that needs to be thoroughly covered.

Protein Network Analysis of the Serum and Their Functional Implication in Patients Subjected to Traumatic Brain Injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) often leads to severe neurobehavioral impairment, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains to be elucidated. Here, we collected the sera from 23 patients (aged from 19 to 81 years old, third day after TBI as TBI-third group) subjected to TBI from The First Hospital of Kunming City, and the sera from 22 healthy donors (aged from 18 to 81 years old and as control group). Then, three samples from TBI-third group and three samples from control group were subjected to the protein microarray detection, and bioinformatics analysis.

Transplantation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells Promotes Functional Improvement Associated with NT-3-MEK-1 Activation in Spinal Cord-Transected Rats.

Transected spinal cord injury (SCT) is a devastating clinical disease that strongly affects a patient's daily life and remains a great challenge for clinicians. Stem-cell therapy has been proposed as a potential therapeutic modality for SCT. To investigate the effects of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) on the recovery of structure and function in SCT rats and to explore the mechanisms associated with recovery, 57 adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham ( = 15), SCT ( = 24), and HSC transplantation groups ( = 15).

Bone marrow stromal cells promote neuroplasticity of cerebral ischemic rats via a phosphorylated CRMP2-mediated mechanism.

Collapsin response mediator protein 2 (CRMP2), an important protein involved in axonal growth and the maintenance of neuronal membrane integrity, has proved to be altered in nervous system diseases. This study was aimed to investigate the role of CRMP2 in bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) treating rats with cerebral ischemia. BMSCs were isolated from shaft of the femurs, tibiae, and humeri and were intra-carotid administrated immediately after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO).

[Changes of the Expression of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factors in Rats Trachea Induced by Acrolein Exposure].

Objective: To investigate expressional changes of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the trachea of rats with acrolein inhalation.

Methods: Twenty two SD rats were divided into 2 groups: the rats in experimental group were subjected to acrolein inhalation for the induce of trachea inflammatory injury, while the rats with saline (NS) inhalation were as control. All the rats were sacrificed in 1,3,6 weeks after acrolein (n = 11 at each time point) or saline inhalation (n = 11 at each time point), the samples of trachea epithelium were harvested.

Intrathecal injection of lentivirus-mediated glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor RNA interference relieves bone cancer-induced pain in rats.

Bone cancer pain is a common symptom in cancer patients with bone metastases and the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. The aim of this study is to explore the endogenous analgesic mechanisms to develop new therapeutic strategies for bone-cancer induced pain (BCIP) as a result of metastases. MRMT-1 tumor cells were injected into bilateral tibia of rats and X-rays showed that the area suffered from bone destruction, accompanied by an increase in osteoclast numbers.

Effects of Governor Vessel electroacupuncture on the systematic expressions of NTFs in spinal cord transected rats.

This study evaluated the effects Governor Vessel electroacupuncture (GVEA) on the systematic regulation of neurotrophic factors (NTFs) in the spinal segments caudal (CSS) to the site of transection in rats subjected to spinal cord transection (SCT). Using RT-PCR, we amazingly found the gene expressions of NGF, IGF-1, FGF-2, CNTF, PDGF, TGF-β1, TrkA, TrkB and TrkC were downregulated following GVEA treatment. However, the number of GAP-43 and Synaptophysin profiles in the CSS in the GVEA rats showed a significant increase, compared with non-EA animals, although both the 5-HT and corticospinal fibers have no statistical differences in the CSS.

Combined Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cell and Olfactory Ensheathing Cell Transplantation Promotes Neural Repair Associated With CNTF Expression in Traumatic Brain-Injured Rats.

This study examined the role of bone mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) and olfactory ensheathing cell (OEC) cografting on neural function and underlying molecular mechanisms in acute stage of traumatic brain injury (TBI) rats. Eighty Sprague-Dawley (SD) female rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 16 per category): sham operated group (Sham), weight-drop-induced TBI group (TBI), BMSC transplantation group (BMSC), OEC transplantation group (OEC), and cotransplantation group (CO). Eight rats were randomly selected from each group for behavioral and morphological assessment.

[Human umbilic mesenchymal stromal cells repairs diabetic foot in rats associated with VEGF expressional change].

Unlabelled: OBJECTITVE: To explore the mechanism of human umbilic mesenchymal cells (HUMSCs) implantation for the treatment of diabetic foot in rats associate with vascular endothelia growth factor (VEGF) expression changes.

Methods: After diabetic foot model in rats were established by administration of streptozotozin (STZ) in intraperitoneal injection (2 weeks), ulceration in foot was induced by incision injury combined with swearing staphylococcus aureas. Then, HUMSCs were smeared on the ulceration of foot in diabetic rats.

[Effect of human umbilici mesenchymal stromal cells implantation on the BDNF expression in diabetic foot rats].

Unlabelled: OBJECTITVE: To investigate the effect of human umbilici mesenchymal cells (HUMSCs) implantation on the brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in diabetic foot rats.

Methods: SD rats were divided into three groups (n = 12): normal group, diadetic foot model group and HUMSC treatment group. Diabetic foot model in rats was established, then prepared HUMSC were implanted on the diabetic foot ulcers in rats, and control ones were administrated with saline only.

[Block effects of BDNF antibody on MEK expression in lung of rats with brain ischemia].

Unlabelled: OBJECITVE: To explore the block effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) antibody on the mitogen extracellular kinase (MEK) expression in lung tissues of rats with brain ischemia.

Methods: Adult SD rats were divided into sham group, brain ischemia lung injury (BILI) group, and BDNF antibody treated group. Lung tissues were harvested at 3 days after operation.

[Effects of BDNF antibody block on IL-6 expression in lung of rats subjected to brain ischemia].

Objective: To explore effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on IL-6 expression in the lung of rats with brain ischemia.

Methods: Inflammatory lung injury was induced by brain ischemia in rats that were devided into sham operation group, brain ischemia lung injury (BILI) group and brain ischemia with BDNF administration group. Lungs were harvested from rats in each group in 3 days after brain ischemia respectively.

[Effects of BDNF antibody to block IL-1beta expression and lung injury in rats subjected to brain ischemia].

Objective: To explore the effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) antibody to block lung injury and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) expression in the rats with brain ischemia.

Methods: Thirty nine SD rats were divided into sham group, brain ischemia lung injury (BILI) group, and BDNF antibody treated group. Inflammatory lung injury was induced by brain ischemia in the later two groups, and BDNF antibody was given through intraperitoneal injection to the rats for 3 days in BDNF antibody group.

[Expression of TNF-alpha in lung tissue of rats with lung injury induced by brain ischemia].

Objective: To investigate the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the lung tissue of rats with lung injury induced by brain ischemia.

Methods: The rat model of lung injury induced by brain ischemia was established. At 24 h, 48 h, 72 h after brain ischemia, lung tissues were harvested from each rats, the expressions of TNF-alpha mRNA and protein and its distributions in the lung tissue were measured by the methods of RT-PCR (n=8), Western blot (n=8), and immunohistochemistry (n=5), respectively.

[Expression changes of IL-1beta in lung of rats subjected to brain ischemia].

Objective: To study the expression changes of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) in the lung of rats with brain ischemia.

Methods: Adult SD rats were divided into sham operation group and brain ischemia lung injury (BILI) group randomly. Focal cerebral ischemia inflammatory lung injury model was developed with intraluminal thread technique.

[IL-6 expression in lung of rats subjected to brain ischemia].

Objective: To study the expression changes of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the lung of rats with brain ischemia.

Methods: Adult SD rats were divided into sham operation group and brain ischemia lung injury (BILI) group randomly. Focal cerebral ischemia inflammatory lung injury model was developed with intraluminal thread technique.

[Expression changes of MEK in lung of rats subjected to brain ischemia].

Objective: To explore the expression changes of mitogen extracellular kinase (MEK) in injured lung after brain ischemia in rats.

Methods: Adult SD rats were assigned randomly to sham operation group and brain ischemia lung injury (BILI) group. Rats in BILI group were subjected brain ischemia and allowed to survived 3 d.

[Expression of trkB gene in the pulmonary tissue of rats with lung injury induced by cerebral ischemia].

Objective: To investigate the expression of tyrosine kinase B (trkB) in lung tissue of rats with lung injury induced by brain ischemia.

Methods: Twenty six adult SD rats were divided into sham group and brain ischemia lung injury (BILI) group. All rats were sacrificed at 3 days after the operation of modeling, lung tissues were then harvested to measure the protein and mRNA level of trkB by the methods of western blot and RT-PCR, the location of trkB positive cells was observed by immunochemistry study.

[Expression changes of BDNF in lung of rats subjected to brain ischemia].

Objective: To investigate the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in lung injury induced by brain ischemia in rats.

Methods: 46 adult SD rats were assigned randomly to sham operation group and brain ischemia lung injury group (BILI, n = 23 in each group). Rats were subjected brain ischemia and allowed to survived 3 d.

[Experiment study on the treatment of SCI based on HSV carried BDNF transgene technique].

Objective: To explore the effect of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) transgenic treatment in rats following spinal cord injury (SCI).

Methods: BDNF gene was cloned into plasmid then enveloped with human single herpes virus (HSV) to construct HSV carried BDNF transgenic recombinant. BDNF recombinant was injected into sciatic nerve to last label in motorneurous in the caudal cords, then ventral motor neurons were counted and the area of cell body was measured.