Vangl2 regulates intercellular junctions by remodeling actin-based cytoskeleton through the Rock signaling pathway during spermatogenesis in Eriocheir sinensis.

As a key planar cell polarity protein, Van Gogh-like 2 (Vangl2) is essential for mammalian spermatogenesis. As a decapod crustacean, Eriocheir sinensis exhibits distinct spermatogenic processes due to its unique seminiferous tubule morphology and hemolymph-testis barrier (HTB). To determine whether Vangl2 performs analogous functions in E.

ERK/CREB and p38 MAPK/MMP14 Signaling Pathway Influences Spermatogenesis through Regulating the Expression of Junctional Proteins in Testis.

The hemolymph-testis barrier (HTB) is a reproduction barrier in Crustacea, guaranteeing the safe and smooth process of spermatogenesis, which is similar to the blood-testis barrier (BTB) in mammals. The MAPK signaling pathway plays an essential role in spermatogenesis and maintenance of the BTB. However, only a few studies have focused on the influence of MAPK on crustacean reproduction.

Myosin VI stabilizes intercellular junctions in the testis through the LHR and MAPK signalling pathway during spermatogenesis in Eriocheir sinensis.

The myosin motor protein myosin VI plays an essential role in mammalian spermatogenesis, however, the effects of myosin VI on male reproduction in Crustacea remain obscure. We identified the macromolecule es-Myosin VI in Eriocheir sinensis, and studied it by multiple methods. It co-localized with F-actin and was highly expressed in the testis.

Es-β-CATENIN affects the hemolymph-testes barrier in Eriocheir sinensis by disrupting cell junctions and cytoskeleton.

β-CATENIN is an evolutionarily conserved multifunctional molecule that maintains cell adhesion as a cell junction protein to safeguard the integrity of the mammalian blood-testes barrier, and also regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis as a key signaling molecule in the WNT/β-CATENIN signaling pathway. In the crustacean Eriocheir sinensis, Es-β-CATENIN has been shown to be involved in spermatogenesis, but the testes of E. sinensis have large and well-defined structural differences from those of mammals, and the impact of Es-β-CATENIN in them is still unknown.

es-Arp3 and es-Eps8 regulate spermatogenesis via microfilaments in the seminiferous tubule of Eriocheir sinensis.

Spermatogenesis is a complicated process that includes spermatogonia differentiation, spermatocytes meiosis, spermatids spermiogenesis and final release of spermatozoa. Actin-related protein 3 (Arp3) and epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 8 (Eps8) are two actin binding proteins that regulate cell adhesion in seminiferous tubules during mammalian spermatogenesis. However, the functions of these two proteins during spermatogenesis in nonmammalian species, especially Crustacea, are still unknown.

mTORC1/C2 regulate spermatogenesis in Eriocheir sinensis via alterations in the actin filament network and cell junctions.

Spermatogenesis is a finely regulated process of germ cell proliferation and differentiation that leads to the production of sperm in seminiferous tubules. Although the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is crucial for spermatogenesis in mammals, its functions and molecular mechanisms in spermatogenesis remain largely unknown in nonmammalian species, particularly in Crustacea. In this study, we first identified es-Raptor (the core component of mTOR complex 1) and es-Rictor (the core component of mTOR complex 2) from the testis of Eriocheir sinensis.

Population Pharmacokinetics and Initial Dosage Optimization of Tacrolimus in Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients.

There is a substantial lack of tacrolimus pharmacokinetic information in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) patients. This study aimed to develop population pharmacokinetics (PopPK) of tacrolimus in pediatric HSCT patients and to devise model-guided dosage regimens. A retrospective analysis was performed on 86 pediatric HSCT patients who received tacrolimus intravenously or orally.

P-21-activated kinase 1 contributes to tumor angiogenesis upon photodynamic therapy via the HIF-1α/VEGF pathway.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective oncotherapy and has been approved for clinical application. Unfortunately, its therapeutic efficacy is usually overshadowed by tumor angiogenesis. Thus, a detailed understanding of the tumor angiogenesis upon PDT is imperative.

The relationship of plasma fibrinogen with clinicopathological stages and tumor markers in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Numerous studies have shown that the blood of cancer patients are generally in hypercoagulable statement. The aim of the present research is to study the relationships of plasma fibrinogen (Fbg) levels with clinicopathological stages (CS) and tumor markers of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Baseline information, plasma Fbg levels, CS, and expression level of tumor markers were collected from medical records retrospectively.

The IL-37-Mex3B-Toll-like receptor 3 axis in epithelial cells in patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

Background: The role of IL-37, an immunosuppressive cytokine, in patients with inflammatory diseases is unclear.

Objective: We sought to explore the expression and pathogenic function of IL-37 in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).

Methods: Expression levels of IL-37, IL-18 receptor α, IL-1 receptor 8, Mex3 RNA binding family member B (Mex3B), and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in nasal samples were studied by using quantitative RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and ELISA.

Higd1a Protects Cells from Lipotoxicity under High-Fat Exposure.

Hypoxia-inducible gene domain family member 1A (Higd1a) has recently been reported to protect cells from hypoxia by helping to maintain normal mitochondrial function. The potential induction of Higd1a under high-fat exposure and whether it could protect cells from oxidative stress attracted our attention. Initially, 0.

Semiconductor Sequencing Analysis of Chromosomal Copy Number Variations in Spontaneous Miscarriage.

BACKGROUND Array CGH is the criterion standard for identifying copy number variations (CNV), but the restrictive requirement of DNA quality and relatively high cost prevent the use of this method as a general assay in hospitals in developing countries. Our principal objective was to determine whether the semiconductor sequencing platform (SSP) could be an alternative method in CNV detection for spontaneous miscarriage. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 443 spontaneous miscarriage samples were collected and subjected to low-coverage (0.

Captopril pretreatment protects the lung against severe acute pancreatitis induced injury via inhibiting angiotensin II production and suppressing Rho/ROCK pathway.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) usually causes acute lung injury, which is also known as acute pancreatitis associated lung injury (APALI). This study aimed to investigate whether captopril pretreatment was able to protect lung against APALI via inhibiting angiotensin II (Ang II) production and suppressing Rho/ROCK (Rho kinase) pathway in rats. Severe AP (SAP) was introduced to rats by bile-pancreatic duct retrograde injection of 5% sodium taurocholate.

Hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning protects the lung against acute pancreatitis induced injury via attenuating inflammation and oxidative stress in a nitric oxide dependent manner.

This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning (HBO-PC) on acute pancreatitis AP associated acute lung injury (ALI) and the potential mechanisms. Rats were randomly divided into sham group, AP group, HBO-PC + AP group and HBO-PC + L-NAME group. Rats in HBO-PC + AP group received HBO-PC once daily for 3 days, and AP was introduced 24 h after last HBO-PC.

The bio-response of osteocytes and its regulation on osteoblasts under vibration.

Vibration, especially at low magnitude and high frequency (LMHF), was demonstrated to be anabolic for bone, but how the LMHF vibration signal is perceived by osteocytes is not fully studied. On the other hand, the mechanotransduction of osteocytes under shear stress has been scientists' primary focus for years. Due to the small strain caused by low-magnitude vibration, whether the previous explanation for shear stress will still work for LMHF vibration is unknown.

Advances in genetic studies of inherited bone marrow failure syndromes and their associated malignancies.

The inherited bone marrow failure syndromes (IBMFS) are a rare group of heterogeneous genetic disorders characterised by bone marrow failure, commonly associated with one or more congenital anomalies found in patients which have a familiar predisposition. Genetic detection of IBMFS disease types is not only to benefit to affected patients but also of help to relatives unaffected phenotypically. Patients with IBMFS have a high risk of hematologic malignancies, commonly myelodyspastic syndrome (MDS), acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and specific types solid tumours.

Chronic restraint stress aggravated arthritic joint swell of rats through regulating nitric oxide production.

Stress-related hormone norepinephrine (NE) displayed diverse effects on immune system including macrophages, which influenced many kinds of inflammatory diseases. Nitric oxide (NO) from activated macrophages played an important role in inflammatory diseases. In this study, we investigated under chronic restraint stress how NE influenced the joint swell of Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis of rats and whether NE regulated macrophage's production of NO through influencing phosphorylation of protein kinases C (PKC).

Development of a multiplex quantitative fluorescent PCR assay for identification of rearrangements in the AZFb and AZFc regions.

The azoospermia factor b (AZFb) and azoospermia factor c (AZFc) regions in the human Y chromosome consist of five palindromes constructed from six distinct families of amplicons and are prone to rearrangement. Partial deletion and duplication in the region can cause azoospermia or oligozoospermia and male infertility. The aim of the study was to establish a quantitative fluorescent PCR (QF-PCR) assay to classify AZFb and AZFc rearrangements.