Associations of hippocampal volumes, brain hypometabolism, and plasma NfL with amyloid, tau, and cognitive decline.

Introduction: Various indicators of neurodegeneration (N) are used in the assessment of neuronal injury in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The heterogeneity of such indicators is less clear.

Methods: A total of 416 individuals with different cognitive statuses were recruited for this study.

Association of precuneus Aβ burden with default mode network function.

Introduction: It remains unclear whether the local amyloid-beta (Aβ) burden in key regions within the default mode network (DMN) affects network and cognitive functions.

Methods: Participants included 1002 individuals from the Chinese Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease Study cohort who underwent 18F-florbetapir positron emission tomography resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning and neuropsychological tests. The correlations between precuneus (PRC) Aβ burden, DMN function, and cognitive function were investigated.

A comprehensive and systematic review on Curcumin as a promising candidate for the inhibition of melanoma growth: From pre-clinical evidence to molecular mechanisms of action.

Background: Melanoma, a highly malignant skin tumor, can develop systemic metastases during the early stage. Several studies of melanoma animal models indicate that curcumin, a natural plant extract, inhibits melanoma growth through various mechanisms. To evaluate the relationships among different experimental conditions, curcumin itself, its derivatives, and special formulations, it is necessary to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Cardioprotective effect of epigallocatechin gallate in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis in preclinical animal studies.

This meta-analysis aims to determine the efficacy of Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) in the treatment of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) and summarize the mechanisms involved. Literature from six databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wan-Fang database, and VIP database (VIP) were systematically searched. All the analysis were conducted by R.

Cardioprotective effect of curcumin on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury: a meta-analysis of preclinical animal studies.

This meta-analysis aimed to determine the efficacy of curcumin in preventing myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in animal models. Studies published from inception to January 2023 were systematically searched in databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, China's National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wan-Fang database, and VIP database (VIP). The SYRCLE's RoB tool was used to determine methodological quality.

Dual-stage cognitive assessment: a two-stage screening for cognitive impairment in primary care.

Background: Aging population has led to an increased proportion of older adults and cognitively impaired. We designed a brief and flexible two-stage cognitive screening scale, the Dual-Stage Cognitive Assessment (DuCA), for cognitive screening in primary care settings.

Method: In total, 1,772 community-dwelling participants were recruited, including those with normal cognition (NC, n = 1,008), mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 633), and Alzheimer's disease (AD, n = 131), and administered a neuropsychological test battery and the DuCA.

Brain amyloid-β deposition associated functional connectivity changes of ultra-large structural scale in mild cognitive impairment.

In preclinical Alzheimer's disease, neuro-functional changes due to amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition are not synchronized in different brain lobes and subcortical nuclei. This study aimed to explore the correlation between brain Aβ burden, connectivity changes in an ultra-large structural scale, and cognitive function in mild cognitive impairment. Participants with mild cognitive impairment were recruited and underwent florbetapir (F18-AV45) PET, resting-state functional MRI, and multidomain neuropsychological tests.

Mapping the long-term delayed recall-based cortex-hippocampus network constrained by the structural and functional connectome: a case-control multimodal MRI study.

Background: Connectome mapping may reveal new treatment targets for patients with neurological and psychiatric diseases. However, the long-term delayed recall based-network with structural and functional connectome is still largely unknown. Our objectives were to (1) identify the long-term delayed recall-based cortex-hippocampus network with structural and functional connectome and (2) investigate its relationships with various cognitive functions, age, and activities of daily living.

Altered metamemory precedes cognitive impairment in subjective cognitive decline with positive amyloid-beta.

Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) as an indicator of preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) may precede mild cognitive impairment (MCI) over several decades. Self-reported cognitive decline as a typical clinical manifestation is critical in preclinical AD. Metacognition represents a person's ability to accurately assess cognition.

Speech silence character as a diagnostic biomarker of early cognitive decline and its functional mechanism: a multicenter cross-sectional cohort study.

Background: Language deficits frequently occur during the prodromal stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the characteristics of linguistic impairment and its underlying mechanism(s) remain to be explored for the early diagnosis of AD.

Methods: The percentage of silence duration (PSD) of 324 subjects was analyzed, including patients with AD, amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), and normal controls (NC) recruited from the China multi-center cohort, and the diagnostic efficiency was replicated from the Pitt center cohort.

Non-linear Character of Plasma Amyloid Beta Over the Course of Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer's Continuum.

Plasma amyloid-β (Aβ) was associated with brain Aβ deposition and Alzheimer's disease (AD) development. However, changes of plasma Aβ over the course of cognitive decline in the Alzheimer's continuum remained uncertain. We recruited 449 participants to this study, including normal controls (NC), subjective cognitive decline (SCD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), AD, and non-AD dementia.

Validation of a modified Chinese version of Mini-Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination for detecting mild cognitive impairment.

Background: For detecting mild cognitive impairment (MCI), brief cognitive screening tools are increasingly required for the advantage of time saving and no need for special equipment or trained raters. We aimed to develop a modified Chinese version of Mini-Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination (C-MACE) and further evaluate its validation in detecting MCI.

Methods: A total of 716 individuals aged from 50 to 90 years old were recruited, including 431 cognitively normal controls (NC) and 285 individuals with MCI.

Validation of the Chinese version of Addenbrooke's cognitive examination III for detecting mild cognitive impairment.

Objectives: To evaluate the reliability and validity of Chinese version of Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III (ACE-III-CV) in the identification of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and further investigate the optimal cutoff scores according to different age and education level.

Method: A total of 716 individuals aged from 50 to 90 years old were recruited through internet-based and print advertisements, including 431 cognitively normal controls (NC) and 285 individuals with MCI according to an actuarial neuropsychological method put forward by Jak and Bondi. Besides the cognitive screening tests of ACE-III-CV, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Chinese version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Basic (MoCA-BC), all the participants underwent a battery of standardized neuropsychological tests.

A comparative study on the validations of three cognitive screening tests in identifying subtle cognitive decline.

Background: Subtle cognitive decline (SCD) may represent a very early stage of objective cognitive impairment before mild cognitive impairment (MCI), with less neuronal damage and more functional reservation. Detecting individuals with SCD is imperative for dementia prevention and treatment. In this study, we aimed to compare the validations of three cognitive screening tests, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Chinese Version (MoCA-CV), and Memory and Executive Screening (MES), in identifying subtle cognitive decline.

Mortality of Alzheimer's Disease Patients: A 10-Year Follow-up Pilot Study in Shanghai.

Background: Identifying risk factors and mortality of individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) could have important implications for the clinical management of AD.

Objective: This pilot study aimed to examine the overall mortality of AD patients over a 10-year surveillance period in Shanghai, China. This study is an extension of our previous investigation on mortality of neurodegenerative diseases.

Pilot testing the caregiver self-management intervention for caregivers of relatives with dementia.

This study was designed to examine the feasibility of a caregiving self-management support program developed for caregivers of relatives with dementia in Shanghai. A total of 41 caregivers were recruited for a quasi-experimental study. The experimental group of 26 participants attended six bi-weekly social support group sessions.

Comparative study of two Chinese versions of Montreal Cognitive Assessment for Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Our aim was to compare the utility and accuracy of the Chinese Version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment Basic (MoCA-BC) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Beijing Version (MoCA-BJ) in the identification of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) under different education levels. A sample of individuals with MCI ( = 295), Alzheimer's disease (AD;  = 254), and normal controls (NC;  = 259) at 2 Memory Clinics and communities was administered the MoCA-BC, MoCA-BJ, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and other neuropsychological tests. The discriminant validity of the MoCA-BC and MoCA-BJ as diagnostic instruments was ascertained.

Mutation profile of APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 in Chinese familial Alzheimer's disease.

Causative mutations in the genes encoding amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin 1 (PSEN1), or presenilin 2 (PSEN2) account for a majority of cases of familial Alzheimer disease (FAD) inherited in an autosomal-dominant pattern. For the sake of characterizing mutations, index patients from 148 families with FAD were enrolled from mainland China. Sanger sequencing of the genes APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 was performed to characterize the mutation spectrum of the Chinese population.

Determining association of rho kinase 1 gene polymorphisms with risk of Alzheimer's disease: a multicenter pilot study.

Background: In addition to the increasing evidence for a molecular mechanism of rho kinase 1 () in Alzheimer's disease (AD), there are several published studies regarding the relationship between gene polymorphisms and neurological diseases. However, it is unknown whether there is an association between the polymorphisms of and AD. We sought to identify the potential association between gene polymorphisms and AD in the Chinese Han population.

Comparative safety and effectiveness of cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine for Alzheimer's disease: a network meta-analysis of 41 randomized controlled trials.

Background: Cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine have been approved for management of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but there has been no consensus about the choice of various types and doses of drugs at different stages. Hence, we compared and ranked the efficacy and tolerability of these available drugs.

Methods: We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Embase for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published from database inception to July 21, 2017.

An abbreviated version of Silhouettes test: a brief validated mild cognitive impairment screening tool.

Objectives: To revise an abbreviated version of the Silhouettes subtest of the Visual Object and Space Perception (VOSP) battery in order to recognize mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and determine the optimal cutoffs to differentiate among cognitively normal controls (NC), MCI, and Alzheimer's Disease (AD) in the Chinese elderly.

Design: A cross-sectional validation study.

Setting: Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China.

Chinese version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment Basic for discrimination among different severities of Alzheimer's disease.

Objectives: To find out whether the Chinese version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment Basic (MoCA-BC) and its subtests could be applied in discrimination among cognitively normal controls (NC), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), mild and moderate Alzheimer's Disease (AD), and furthermore, to determine the optimal cutoffs most sensitive to distinguish between them.

Design: A cross-sectional validation study.

Setting: Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China.